The only book to deal specifically with constipation for specialists has been updated to include all the new advances since the first edition (1995). These advances include biofeedback, surgery for constipation, sacral nerve stimulation, the use of laparoscopy for rectal prolapse, treament and our understanding of some of the psychological problems of these patients. Innovations also include Professor Norman Williams Malone Procedure and the newer pharmacologic treatments such as nitric oxide and botulinum toxin injections.

New developments in the field of the commonly used photodiagnostic and phototherapeutic methods help to continuously improve the results in the daily practise. Edited by internationally renowned experts, the new edition offers up-to-date, comprehensive and clinically relevant information on every aspect of photodiagnostic and phototherapy. The book is structured in following parts: Photochemotherapy in daily practice, special phototherapeutic modalities and photoprotection in daily practice. Due to the detailed structure this new edition is even more reader-friendly and has a strong focus on clinical aspects. It includes: Guidelines for the treatment selections of specific diseases, practical guidelines for phototherapy with information about basic principles of photobiology, standardized test protocols for photodermatoses and diagnosis for skin tumors.

This textbook addresses the best way of evaluating patients with rectal prolapse, the underlying pathophysiology, the different surgical approaches, the expected functional results after surgery and the management of complex clinical conditions associated with this condition. It is an essential book that attempts to draw together material that could be of vital importance to surgeons around the world. The pathophysiology of rectal prolapse is still uncertain and its clinical and instrumental diagnostic assessment needs to be clarified.

A thorough knowledge of normal radiological anatomy is necessary for detection and evaluation of pathological changes. In pediatric radiology, normal anatomy and normal proportions of anatomical structures may differ considerably from the adult, and may vary during growth. Therefore, in pediatric radiology there is a multitude of measurements, that in the individual patient is important, but that for the radiologist is not meaningful or even possible to keep in mind. This holds true both for the experienced pediatric radiologist, and for those who practise pediatric radiology only occasionally. This volume is written for both categories. In the literature, normal values are calculated and presented in many different ways, that are not always easy to compare, or easy to use in daily work. Therefore, we have revised and recalculated the data given by authors, in order to present the statistical upper and lower normal limits as between plus and minus two standard deviations (+/- 2SD). This means that about 2% of a normal population will be assessed as abnormally large and around 2% abnormally small with respect to the parameter assessed. In this way, the presentation throughout the book is uniform, and hopefully easy to use. All figures have been redrawn and computed in an attempt to make them as clear as possible.

The roentgenologic visualization of excretory ducts of a secreting organ is a longe-stablished diagnostic method in roentgenology. For a long time, radiologists have felt the need to establish a method for filling the excretory duct system of the pancreas with contrast material, in the way that intravenous retrograde urography is used to diagnose pathologic changes such as displacement of the renal collecting system or of the urethra. This need to establish a method became more urgent the more the pancreas resisted conventional roentgenologic clinical di- agnostic methods. From time to time in peroperative or postoperative cholangiography mostly incomplete reflux into the pancreatic duct in 10-14% was observed (Stiller, 1948; San Julian und Pascual y Megias, 1952; Wapshaw, 1955; Bergkvist und Seldinger, 1957). However, there was no possibility of obtaining reliable and complete opacification of the pancreatic duct. Peroperative Pancreaticography It was in 1951 when Leger and Arway achieved this goal, though only by surgery. It should be mentioned that, when performing their first peroperative examination, these French surgeons already had the impression, that cannulation of the pancreatic duct was easier than cannulation of the common bile duct. This observation has been con- firmed by hundreds of examinations after ERPC had been established for several years; however, up till now this phenomenon has not been sufficiently explained. During the following years, peroperative pancreaticography develop- ed into a routine examination, above all by Doubilet et al.

Primary and metastasizing malignant carcinoma of the liv er represent a challenge to both the diagnostician and the therapist. For this reason, it appears a worthwhile task to review the current status of knowledge about the treatment of primary and metastasizing tumors of the liver. The ques tion is whether modem diagnostic methods and new thera peutic concepts can help to improve the prospects of treat ment. Of particular interest is the role played by therapeu tic procedures directly involving the liver. Thus, it is equally important to discuss the pathophysiological and pharmacological bases for a modem therapy concept as it is to consider diagnostic issues and possible definitions of stages of progression. Therapeutic concepts comprise sys temic therapy and organ-related therapeutic methods, in cluding surgical resection, changes in the blood supply, re gional selective chemotherapy, and other localized or regional, highly specialized forms of therapy. This survey of the various possibilities in the field is meant too to stimulate further scientific research, given that methods of treatment are as yet by no means stan dardized, but are still in the stage of clinical research, where experimental models can find an application. The only well-established operative procedure is surgery on the isolated liver tumor. In this area, specialized techniques and various intraoperative procedures are discussed. There is a wealth of information available on all the top ics covered."

This book has its roots in a monograph on cancer of the esophagus and gastric cardia edited by us in 1965 and published in Chinese on ly. Along with a number of colleagues in various fields, we summa rized our work in the epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, radiother apy, and surgery of carcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia, carried out chiefly at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Fu wai Hospital, and the Cancer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences during the 25 years from 1939 to 1964. In the 18 years since the publication of that monograph, further progress has been made in China in various aspects of research and surgical treatment. Abundant material has been accumulated on the long term results of surgery, and a number of newer principles and meth ods for diagnosis and management have been evolved. In order to meet the need for the exchange of scientific and technical informa tion, both domestically and internationally, we have invited a group of our current colleagues working on the different aspects of carci noma of the esophagus and gastric cardia to contribute to the pre sent volume, which is being printed in both Chinese and English. The Chinese edition, like the original monograph, is being publish ed by Shanghai Science and Technology Publishers. Through the kind invitation of Dr. Heinz Gotze, the English text is being publish ed for international circulation by Springer-Verlag.

With improvements in respirator therapy and intensive care, congenital malformations and various acquired pathologic deformities of the trachea or bronchi are more often observed than used to be the case. For a while it seemed that tracheostomy would be unnecessary, but it has since become quite clear that severe disturbance of the trachea would be the outcome owing to primary or secondary pathologic changes that had not been given adequate consideration previous. These changes can lead to urgent life-threatening episodes or definite mutilation for the rest of the child's life. Tracheal surgery thus repre sents a new and special challenge for the pediatric surgeon. A solution to these serious problems must be found and merits discussion. Further more, it seems worthwhile to review cases of surgical pulmonary dis eases, except for the already widely discussed problems ofempyemas or bronchiectasis. P. WURNIG, Vienna Contents Pathophysiology of Subglottic Tracheal Stenosis in Childhood. B.MINNIGERODE and H.G.RICHTER. With2Figures 1 Subglottic Stenosis in Newborns After Mechanical Ventilation. M.MARCOVICH, F.POLLAUF, and K.BURIAN. With 3 Figures ... 8 Treatment of Congenital Cricoid Stenosis. R.N. P. BERKOVITS, E.J. VAN DER SCHANS, and J. C. MOLENAAR. With 7 Figures . . .. 20 Surgical Correction of Laryngotracheal Stenoses in Children. E. HOF. With 6 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 29 Surgical Treatment of Congenital Laryngotracheo-oesophageal Cleft. R.N.P.BERKOVITS, N.M.A.BAX, and E.J. VAN DER SCHANS."

At first sight it may appear strange that a volume of Progress in Pediatric Surgery should be devoted to the history of our specialty. One assumes that progress is concerned primarily with recent developments whilst history deals with matters of the past. However, in the past there has also been considerable progress in the development of our understand ing of paediatric surgical problems, otherwise we would not have pro gressed to our present achievements. The editors, therefore, do not apologize for compiling this volume but, on the contrary, feel that the publication of this volume is most timely. Modern paediatric surgery has now been practised for three genera tions. The handful of pioneers who were the founders of our specialty worked mainly before the last world war. A few dozen of the inter mediary generation started work immediately after the war, while the new generation who are now dominating our specialty must be counted in thousands. Two factors have radically altered paediatric surgery as practised by the intermediary and the present generation of surgeons."

The development and improvement of new technologies have made pancreatic disease more accessible to diagnosis in the last decade. The cooperation and coordination of experts in the fields of gastro enterology, radiology, biochemistry, immunology, and pathology are necessary if the methods are to be made available and the progress made to be fully exploited. Each of the new methods requires special training, and extensive experience is needed to guarantee high standards in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease. New methods have to be tested carefully against established diagnostic procedures, though at the same time we must be ready to adopt a new approach to diagnosis. The aim of this book is to update the material already published and to focus on the various imaging methods and functional tests currently available, the features specific for each, and their integrative potential in the detection of pancreatic disease. The various pathologic findings are analyzed with reference to the clinical stages of pancreatic disease. As an introduction to the morphological and functional features of acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer revealed by the different imaging methods and functional tests, basic knowledge of the patho-physiological and pathomorphological events is provided by research workers. This knowledge is essential for the understanding and interpretation of the diagnostic findings recorded in pancreatic diseases.

Edited by the respected pediatric orthopaedic surgeon Ali Kalamchi, M.D. with contributions from other experts in the field, Congenital Lower Limb Deficiencies is a single source reference guide for rare complex congenital defects of the lower limb. The text is divided into three sections. The first section discusses normal limb development; the genetic, familial, and historical nature of lower limb defects; and the evaluation and categorization of such defects in pediatric patients. The second section characterizes and classifies the congenital defects and covers early long-term planning of patient management based on clinical and radiographic findings. The third section analyzes the treatment modalities, including several chapters on the relationship of sports therapy to the treatment plan. In addition, the authors contribute their wealth of expertise by sharing their experiences and preferences in the treatment of congenital lower limb defects. The team approach for geneticists, pediatricians, orthopedists, therapists, prosthetists and other health care professsionals involved in each case is emphasized.

Beginning with the scientific basis of tumors, "The Surgery of Childhood Tumors" provides up-to-date information on epidemiology, cytogenetics and molecular biology, before looking at current treatments, integrating surgery, neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Additionally, a chapter on counseling reflects the book's holistic approach to treating children with cancer.

The chapters are written by world-renowned international authorities on pediatric cancer from major children's cancer groups in the UK, Europe and the US. Contributors discuss geographical variations in treatment for each type of tumor. Excellent full-colour pictures and detailed line drawings illustrate all aspects of managing childhood tumors, including technical details of operation which are often neglected in other texts. This comprehensive book provides a contemporary approach for pediatric, general and urological surgeons dealing with childhood tumors. New chapters in this second edition provide the latest developments and strategies in pediatric surgical oncology.

The most complete presentation of basic and advanced laparoscopic techniques available, due to its integration of procedures from general surgery and other subspecialities. Enhanced by over 750 illustrations (113 of them in full colour) and written by no less than 132 international, interdisciplinary experts, this definitive reference covers all aspects of this still new and expanding technique. Four main sections deal with: basic laparoscopy; laparoscopy and thoracoscopy in general surgery; laparoscopy in surgical subspecialities (gynaecology, urology, angioscopy); plus the technological aspects of laparoscopy. Throughout this authoritative volume, the surgeon will find in-depth reviews of the literature and extensive clinical and scientific data on the rationale for using laparoscopic procedures.
Certain to become a standard in the field.

We have come a long way since the days when abdominal wall contouring was p- formed by simple dermolipectomies, with no attention to diastasis correction and muscular reinforcement, and little regard for the final aesthetic result. Nowadays, an abdominoplasty may be indicated for even the most demanding of patients. Details such as placement of the incision and umbilicoplasty are meticulously planned so as to conceal undesirable scars. Since the advent of suction-assisted lipectomy, in as- ciation with a classical operation or as an isolated procedure, the plastic surgeon has become capable of remodeling the entire trunk, assuring removal of considerable amounts of adipose tissue. Drs. Shiffman and Mirrafati have brought all of these aspects together, in this most timely book, Aesthetic Surgery of the Abdominal Wall. Here the reader will find an all-encompassing textbook, written in collaboration with outstanding colleagues, all of whom have contributed to this field of plastic s- gery that has been of particular interest to me. I am sure that, for both the younger and the more experienced surgeon, this book will become a reference text, covering all aspects of plastic abdominal surgery. Ivo Pitanguy, MD Preface This book on aesthetic surgery of the abdominal wall is an attempt to bring together the existing knowledge on body contouring of the abdomen. The major emphasis is on abdominoplasty and liposuction of the abdomen with the various combinations and techniques.

This is a comprehensive textbook of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas written by leaders in the field of childhood lymphomas. It includes clinical, pathologic and molecular biology of each subtype of lymphoma. The pathology chapters are comprehensive and include excellent photographs. The book is at the level of subspecialists in pediatric hematology and oncology, radiation oncology, pediatric surgery and hematopathology.

Although the disease is not very often, every otorhinolaryngologist will experience some patients suffering from vocal fold paralysis.

This is the first and unique book solely devoted to this topic.

Offers step-by-step descriptions and evaluations of the materials and/or methods of well-established techniques and new therapeutic options and approaches.

Written by leading experts: Blitzer is speaker of the American Academy of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS); Sulica, also a speaker of the AAO-HNS, works in his department.

Vocal Fold Paralysis is a clinically useful reference for evaluation and treatment, as well as a summary of current knowledge and investigational approaches.

This user-friendly definitive reference work presents the full spectrum of current cancer treatment options available to the practicing general surgeon or trainee. Through the pairing of 4-color algorithms and concise, clinically oriented text, the reader can quickly visualize and understand the decision-making process. Separate algorithmic branches highlight surgical treatment, adjuvant therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, as well as combined modality treatment. Over 90 chapters address organ systems from head to toe and tackle special topics, including oncologic emergencies and diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, and surgical adjuncts. More than 200 illustrations augment the textbook.

There are numerous textbooks detailing almost every aspect of the different laparoscopic procedures. However, in this era of evidence-based medicine, a text focusing on the controversies - from the laparoscopic as well as the general surgeon's point of view - is missing.

This book is not intended to be yet another textbook of laparoscopy; instead, its main purpose is to address unsettled issues of controversy. This will significantly enhance evidence-based knowledge of this developing field, stimulate thinking and discussions in rounds and meetings, assist surgeons in their decision making and stimulate further research.

This book is not aimed only at laparoscopic surgeons - with their steadily increasing number - but also at general surgeons and surgical trainees. It will define and sharpen points of controversy by internationally recognized authors, and thus provide 'state of the art' quality to each topic.

Surgery continues to be the most effective treatment of solid tumors in terms of recovery, while its combination with other treatments improves the survival curves especially in the advanced forms of the disease. The aim of my task first of all has been to provide readers with both the current and constantly evolving pathophysiologic knowledge required for building the foundation of a specific education enabling surgeons to meet the fundamental targets in surgical oncology. Secondly, this volume aims to present an update on the real possibilities offered by the cooperation between surgeon and pathologist and by chemotherapy, radiotherapy and gene therapy in the treatment of tumors in the light of the most recent scientific achievements. Lastly, the report presents the experiences and cases drawn mostly from our School regarding some of the major issues in oncologic surgery. This overview does not pretend to elucidate or to summarize all aspects of oncologic surgery, but rather to be the result of a general consideration on cancer surgery, on its rational bases, on its interaction with other treatment modalities, on its desirable and expected developments and on its probable future evolution.

This text covers new innovations and concepts in pediatric thoracic surgery practice, basic science and evidence, and the technical aspects of common and rare operative procedures.

It is essential for pediatric surgical trainees and consultants with interest in pediatric thoracic surgery. Providing comprehensive coverage of newer developments, it is also a useful reference work for pediatric and thoracic surgeons and a valuable guide for surgeons (adult or pediatric) managing pediatric thoracic surgery on occasional basis or only during acute emergency.Covering the subjects within pediatric thoracic surgery (non-cardiac) in significant depth, this book acts as a reference text for consultants undertaking pediatric thoracic work as well as for pediatric respiratory, anesthetists and fetal medicine doctors. Topics within this book will also be of interest to pediatric respiratory physicians and pediatric oncologists.

Most surgeons are familiar with the techniques of laparoscopic surgery, however, in children there are variations in size and technical appraoch. The book describes the differences and characteristic aspects of laparoscopy in small children. The emphasis is on little text and numerous drawings. Technical guidelines are given on how to perform laparoscopy safely even in small children. The most frequent indications for laparoscopy in children are presented and discussed. The aim of the book is to provide surgeons with the knowledge to extend their expertise in adult laparoscopy to children.

Reoperative surgery is a problem that is confronted by every surgeon and this book offers up-to-date information and techniques for critical cases in all of the pediatric surgical specialties. The book is comprehensive, covering the full spectrum of pediatric reoperation, and it addresses the complications of common pediatric surgeries. This book is an essential resource for both surgeons and non-surgeons involved in the care of pediatric patients.

There is an enormous sense of excitement in the communities of cancer research and cancer care as we move into the middle third of the ?rst decade of the 21st century. For the ?rst time, there is a true sense of c- ?dence that the tools provided by the human genome project will enable cancer researchers to crack the code of genomic abnormalities that allow tumor cells to live within the body and provide highly speci?c, virtually non-toxic therapies for the eradication, or at least ?rm control of human cancers. There is also good reason to hope that these same lines of inquiry will yield better tests for screening, early detection, and prev- tion of progression beyond curability. While these developments provide a legitimate basis for much op- mism, many patients will continue to develop cancers and suffer from their debilitating effects, even as research moves ahead. For these in- viduals, it is imperative that the cancer ?eld make the best possible use of the tools available to provide present day cancer patients with the best chances for cure, effective palliation, or, at the very least, relief from symptoms caused by acute intercurrent complications of cancer. A modality that has emerged as a very useful approach to at least some of these goals is tumor ablation by the use of physical or physiochemical approache

Following recent high profile cases of surgical error in the Uk and USA, patient safety has become a key issue in healthcare, now placed at the heart of junior doctor's training. Errors made by doctors are very similar to those made in other high risk organizations, such as aviation, nuclear and petrochemical industries. Practical Patient Safety aims to demonstrate how core principles of safety from these industries can be applied in surgical and medical practice, in particular through training for health care professionals and healthcare managers.
While theoretical aspects of risk management form the backdrop, the book focuses on key techniques and principles of patient safety in a practical way, giving the reader practical advice on how to avoid personal errors, and more importantly, how to start patient safety training within his or her department or hospital.

Clinical Surgery provides a complete overview of all surgical specialties, and is suitable for advanced undergraduates through to surgical trainees preparing for the FRCS. This comprehensive textbook is designed around the Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme (ISCP) framework, and provides information needed for passing MCQs, OSCEs and Vivas in the one book. Information is divided into three clear sections: basic science and surgical strategy; common surgical conditions and trauma; and leadership, evidence-based practice and global surgery. This fourth edition has been fully updated and restructured by a new editorial team. Older concepts have been replaced by a new focus on systems biology, omics sciences and multidisciplinary sciences, and the book presents a modern, inclusive view of the surgeon as part of a multidisciplinary team delivering high quality care. Comprehensive and accessible - all you need in the one book Information presented logically and clearly in three clear sections Aligns with the ISCP - designed for surgical trainees Highly illustrated to support understanding Detailed practice information and summaries of complex themes to aid with preparation for exams Practical steps designed to facilitate procedural based learning and OSCEs Entirely revised to follow the Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum (ISC) New focus on prevention of surgical disease Introduction of sections on surgical safety and quality improvement New sections on the elderly surgical patients, the dying patient and surgical technology