This book is divided into three parts. The first deals with typical settelements in each of the seven continents, the early stages of settlements, land surveys and general phases of town evolution. The second part discusses changes in site and patter, from Neolithic to modern times. The third part specializes in topographic and functional controls in modern towns. Chapters on Planning, Regional Surveys and Classification of towns close the book. There are about 300 specially drawn plans and diagrams of towns - which should appeal to the sociologist and town planner as well as to every serious student of geography.

This book was first published in 1949.

Overland flow modelling has been an active field of research for some years, but developments in numerical methods and computational resources have recently accelerated progress, producing models for different geometries and types of flows, such as simulations of canal and river networks. Flow in canals has traditionally been described using one-dimensional, depth-averaged, shallow water models; but a variety of simulation techniques now facilitate the management of hydrodynamic systems, providing models which incorporate complex geometry and diverse flows. Much effort has gone into elaborating canal operational rules based on decision support systems, with the dual aim of assuring water delivery and meeting flow control constraints. In natural water courses, water management problems are associated with the need to meet quality standards. Numerical modelling of advection-diffusion can be used to manage problems related to the movement of solutes in rivers and aquifers. The analysis of solute transport is used to safeguard the quality of surface and ground water and to help prevent eutrophication. Solute flow through the soil can be dynamically linked to overland flow for hydrological and agricultural applications. Advances in modelling also cast new light on sediment transport in rivers, exploring the complex dynamics of river bed erosion and deposition and assist in thee analysis of river-reservoir systems. All these issues are discussed in Numerical Modelling of Hydrodynamics for Water Resources, which will be useful to civil engineers, applied mathematicians, hydrologists, and physicists.

The perceptibly changing climate has resulted in more precipitation in a small number of short periods. As most urban water management systems were developed at a time when precipitation was distributed more evenly throughout the year, they cannot deal properly with the new circumstances, and high groundwater levels and excess water are the result. In practice, many urban dwellers are consequently confronted with flooded cellars and inaccessible urban infrastructure. To solve these phenomena in the future, a major part of the urban water programmes for the next few decades consists of restructuring and transformation of the existing urban areas, in which water management is considered as an integral part of urban renewal activities and in which its capacity is compliant with the urban area scale. With an integral approach, this book treats the relation of urbanism and water management in Dutch water cities. It also treats the financial aspects of the adjustment of existing water systems to meet the changes in the urban hydrological cycle. It presents the typology of typical current and future Dutch water cities, their urban function and the ecological and technical aspects. Separate chapters deal with the transformation of the historical city, the consolidation of the inter-war city and the restructuring of the post-war city to meet future conditions. The final chapter presents a comparison of the Dutch situation with South Korean (Seoul), Japanese (Tokyo) and German (Ruhr area) urban areas.

Most geographical studies of the 'Third World' - or the Global South - focus their attention on the challenge of promoting development and explaining why the Third World is also the Poor World. This text extracts the Global South from the shadow of development and examines people's lives and livelihoods in their own terms. It takes as its point of departure the need to reveal the myriad ways that people 'get by' in the day-to-day sense of the term and how modernization is re-working the human landscape.

An Everyday Geography of the Global South focuses on local spaces, individual experiences, household strategies and the power and role of agency over structure in terms of explanation. Taking a broad perspective of livelihoods, it draws on more than 90 case studies from 36 countries across Asia, Africa and Latin America to examine how people are engaging and living with modernity. This extends from changes in the ways that households operate, to how and why people take on new work and acquire new skills, how migration and mobility are become increasingly common features of existence, and how aspirations and expectations are being reworked under the influence of modernisation.

To date, there is no book which takes such an approach to building an understanding of the Global South. In focusing on the Global South but not on development, in beginning with the personal and the everyday, in using the experience of the non-Western world to illuminate and inform mainstream debates in geography, and in beginning from the lived experiences of 'ordinary' people, this book will provide an alternative and different insight into a range of geographical debates. For students, theusefulness of the book will lie in its clarity of argument, its use of detailed case studies to inform and substantiate the general argument and in providing a geography text which engages with the majority world that is the Global South.

Most geographical studies of the 'Third World' - or the Global South - focus their attention on the challenge of promoting development and explaining why the Third World is also the Poor World. This text extracts the Global South from the shadow of development and examines people's lives and livelihoods in their own terms. It takes as its point of departure the need to reveal the myriad ways that people 'get by' in the day-to-day sense of the term and how modernization is re-working the human landscape.

An Everyday Geography of the Global South focuses on local spaces, individual experiences, household strategies and the power and role of agency over structure in terms of explanation. Taking a broad perspective of livelihoods, it draws on more than 90 case studies from 36 countries across Asia, Africa and Latin America to examine how people are engaging and living with modernity. This extends from changes in the ways that households operate, to how and why people take on new work and acquire new skills, how migration and mobility are become increasingly common features of existence, and how aspirations and expectations are being reworked under the influence of modernisation.

To date, there is no book which takes such an approach to building an understanding of the Global South. In focusing on the Global South but not on development, in beginning with the personal and the everyday, in using the experience of the non-Western world to illuminate and inform mainstream debates in geography, and in beginning from the lived experiences of 'ordinary' people, this book will provide an alternative and different insight into a range of geographical debates. For students, theusefulness of the book will lie in its clarity of argument, its use of detailed case studies to inform and substantiate the general argument and in providing a geography text which engages with the majority world that is the Global South.

The turn of the century has seen a proliferation of concepts and models in relation to the development of new residential environments in the UK. "Housing Transformations "describes these concepts and models and accounts for their emergence at the present time, at the conjuncture of a particular set of cultural, social, economic and political circumstances. Franklin explains the variety and nature of the built form, and tries to achieve a greater insight into how and why we build places and dwell in spaces that are at once contradictory, confining, liberating and illuminating. The shaping and re-shaping of the built environment derives from the intersection of locality and timing: the structural context, the mediating role of institutions and organizations, and the actions and proclivities of individuals. The author includes numerous case studies to show the background to provide specific examples of contemporary conditions. Housing Transformations will appeal to all those in the built environmentdisciplines, as well as to those in other social science fields with an interest in housing and residential environments.

During the past three decades, urban groundwater has emerged as one of the world's most pressing issues. Explosive population growth, most prevalent in cities, has placed an inordinate demand on groundwater supply, prompting concerns for its long-term sustainability at a time when the quality of available groundwater resources is being increasingly degraded by anthropogenic activity. Cities less reliant on groundwater for potable supply are equally obliged to manage subsurface water with cautious respect since rising groundwater levels can generate a myriad of problems such as unstable land slopes, flooded basements, tunnels and electrical utilities, and the release of polluted water to urban wetlands, springs and streams.Challenges in Urban Groundwater is premised on a growing recognition that most urban groundwater problems are not uniquely associated with any particular region or hydrogeological environment, and much can be learned by understanding the successes and failures of others. It showcases the best urban groundwater papers presented at the International Geological Congress held in Florence, Italy in 2004, and is supplemented by contributions solicited from other world experts active in urban groundwater research. Topics covered range from the urban water balance and rising groundwater levels to groundwater contamination and the role of aquifer modelling.

Please note this title is suitable for any student studying: Exam Board: Edexcel Level: A Level Year 1 and AS Subject: Geography First teaching: September 2016 First exams: June 2018 A student-friendly and engaging textbook for the Edexcel GCE A Level Year 1 and AS specifications. It has been specially written to match the demands of the 2016 specifications and has been endorsed for Edexcel. The coverage of key geographical concepts and processes is accessible and clear, and all students will be engaged by the interesting, up-to-date examples and case studies - while the rigour, detail, and depth required by the specifications is retained throughout. Clearly-written objectives open each section, setting out for students what they need to learn, and high-quality photos, maps, and diagrams aid explanations. Motivating activities, exam-style questions, and coverage of the required skills are strong features. The book is completed with a glossary for each chapter and a full index. Answer guidance for the activities is available on Kerboodle (school purchase only).

Collaborative working and partnering between the public and private sectors has been fairly standard practice in some form or other for over 100 years, but it is only in recent years that it has become more prevalent. In the UK, it is little more than 10 years since the most widely known Public Private Partnership, the Private Finance Initiative, was launched and yet it has already been described by some as 'the new economic paradigm'. PFI has now become the preferred method of procurement for many UK Government agencies such as the NHS building programme, whereas other bodies oppose the introduction of the private sector into the provision of traditional public sector services. Although the use of PPPs is the most controversial procurement strategy now used by the UK government, it currently accounts for approximately 11 per cent of government expenditure and there is no doubt that it is here to stay.

Norfolk has a wealth of important archaeological sites, historic buildings and landscapes. This guide is the first to use them to tell the county's rich history. Starting with real footprints of people who lived here nearly 1 million years ago, A History of Norfolk in 100 Places will take you on a chronological journey through prehistoric monuments, Roman forts, medieval churches and Nelson's Monument, right up to twentieth-century defensive sites. With detailed entries illustrated by aerial photographs and ground-level shots, here you will find a reliable guide to historic places that are either open to the public, or are visible from public roads or footpaths for you to explore.

Accusations have been made that tourism studies lacks a theoretical base. Such assertions are often based upon a lack of understanding of the relationship between the academic study of tourism and theories from the social sciences.
"Tourism Studies and the" "Social Sciences "provides students with a wider understanding of and grounding in the theories of the social sciences that tourism studies have been built upon. Specifically it will examine how the disciplines of economics, politics, geography, sociology, psychology and anthropology have contributed to our understanding of tourism. Extensive cross-referencing between chapters highlights the multidisciplinary nature of much tourism research. The book concludes by describing how the fields of environmental studies, development studies, feminism and ethics that transcend the boundaries of social science disciplines can be applied to tourism.
Each chapter includes:
* an introductory international case study to illustrate the application of a particular discipline to the study of tourism
* a brief introductory summary of the discipline
* a critique of its main theories and concepts which have relevance to tourism
* a discussion of how the theories and concepts have been applied to tourism using cases and examples

An introduction to the issues surrounding the complex and controversial realities of today's interconnected world, the revised sixth edition Since its initial publication, The Globalization Reader has been lauded for its comprehensive coverage of the issues surrounding globalization. Now in its sixth edition, the Reader has been thoroughly revised and updated and continues to review the most important global trends. Including readings by a variety of authors, the text offers a wide-ranging and authoritative introduction to the political, economic, cultural, and experiential aspects of globalization. The updated sixth edition presents the most accessible and comprehensive review of current debates and research. Contributions from scholars, activists, and organizations provide balanced viewpoints and expert coverage of the many aspects of globalization. The Globalization Reader offers readings on an exciting range of new topics as well as retaining key globalization topics such as the experience of globalization, economic and political globalization, the role of media and religion in cultural globalization, women's rights, environmentalism, global civil society, and the alternative globalization movement. This important resource: Covers the many complex dimensions of globalization Includes contributions from many of the most prominent globalization scholars Presents concise and informative introductions to each major topic Offers compelling discussion questions for each section Contains readings on a variety of new topics such as migration, medical tourism, state policy regarding abortion and same-sex sexual relations, the UN Global Compact, climate justice, and more Written for students in undergraduate and graduate courses in sociology, political science, anthropology and geography, the revised sixth edition covers courses such as globalization, comparative political economy, international relations and similar topics.

"Locating China" explores the political economy of place, space and popular culture in contemporary China. This multidisciplinary volume examines the mutual articulations between cultural imaginary and China's continuing drive toward urbanization. The consequences of this relationship are shown to be the development of new space and places, and new forms of spatial practices, thus weakening old concepts of the "local" and "locality."
The international group of scholars incorporate theoretical inquiries of space with grounded empirical work on multiple locals throughout China. From village discotheques in Guizhou to tourist villas, tea houses in Hainan to architectural extravaganzas in Shanshen the contributors argue that local places and local cultural practices are not constrained with the local scale. This therefore raises the question - how does the meaning transfer between the local, the national and the global?

Nine previously unpublished essays form an interdisciplinary assessment of urban memory in the modern city, analysing this burgeoning area of interest from the perspectives of sociology, architectural and art history, psychoanalysis, culture and critical theory. Featuring a wealth of illustrations, images, maps and specially commissioned artwork, this work applies a critical and creative approach to existing theories of urban memory, and examines how these ideas are actualised in the forms of the built environment in the modernist and post-industrial city.

A particular area of focus is post-industrial Manchester, but the book also includes studies of current-day Singapore, New York after 9/11, modern museums in industrial gallery spaces, the writings of Paul Auster and W.G. Sebald, memorials built in concrete, and contemporary art.

Conservation Social Science Groundbreaking book that examines the essential contribution of the social sciences to understanding and conserving biodiversity across the globe Authored by leading scholars at the nexus of social science and biodiversity conservation, Conservation Social Science addresses the growing realization that biodiversity conservation is, at heart, a social phenomenon. Threats to biological diversity are influenced by a wide range of political, economic and cultural factors. The conservation of biodiversity is conceived and carried out by people. Biodiversity conservation is a manifestation of human beliefs and values. Choices about which species and habitats to conserve, how to prioritize efforts, and how to conserve them are inherently social - with consequences not just for wildlife but also human lives and livelihoods. Key topics covered in this thought-provoking text include: An introduction to key social science disciplines and how each field specifically relates to biodiversity conservation How to make social sciences an integral part of conservation strategies and initiatives How social science theories and analytic approaches can explain and help predict patterns of human behavior How biodiversity conservation as a ubiquitous societal phenomenon can provide insights into human society in general Conservation Social Science is an essential, one-of-a-kind survey of novel approaches to explaining and fostering more effective, just, and enduring conservation of biodiversity. It is academically rigorous and comprehensive in scope, yet sufficiently nontechnical and concise to be accessible to a global audience of students, faculty, and environmental professionals and policymakers.

In the 1970s and 1980s many institutions, agencies and scholars believed that the Himalayan region was facing severe environmental disaster, due primarily to rapid growth in population that has caused extensive deforestation, which in turn has led to massive landsliding and soil erosion. This series of assumptions was first challenged in the book: The Himalayan Dilemma (1989: Ives and Messerli, Routledge). Nevertheless, the environmental crisis paradigm still commands considerable support, including logging bans in the mountain watersheds of China, India, and Thailand, and is constantly being promoted by the news media.
Himalayan Perceptions identifies the confusion of misunderstanding, vested interests, changing perceptions, and institutional unwillingness to base development policy on sound scientific knowledge. It analyzes the large amount of new research published since 1989 and totally refutes the entire construct. It examines recent social and economic developments in the region and identifies warfare, guerrilla activities, and widespread oppression of poor ethnic minorities as the primary cause for the instability that pervades the entire region. It is argued that the development controversy is further confounded by exaggerated reporting, even falsification, by news media, environmental publications, and agency reports alike.

Cultural Geography is one of the most vibrant areas of geographical research, encompassing a wide range of issues including the study of space, place and time in culture, as well as the analysis of cultural elements such as artefacts, tools, techniques, attitudes, customs, languages and religious beliefs.

Providing a retrospective as well as a prospective take on modern cultural geography, this collection contains a range of diverse material to provide both an historical resource, tracking the marking of the field, and a map of contemporary themes and obsessions. Emphasizing the multiplicity of theoretical and substantive concerns in cultural geography, it focuses on the area's interfaces with science studies, cultural studies, post-colonial studies and environmental history, thus ensuring that is an important resource for both student and scholar alike.

Contents:
Abstracts
List of Maps
Notes of Transliteration, Spellings and Names
Glossary
List of Abbreviations
Acknowledgements
1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Fields
3. Geosophy, Geopiety, and Topophilia
4. Nostalgia, Myths and Landscape
5. The Map as Discourse
6. Historical Geography
7. Methodology

Contemporary discourse emphasizes the irrational, unconscious, discursive and displaced experiences of city life. Discussion of conscious agency is minimal and is often confined to small acts of resistance. Reason in the City of Difference aims to re-establish a strong notion of conscious agency in our understanding of urban life. Through philosophical and empirical exploration, the book examines how the city has been shaped by reason - through the technical rationality of urban planning and through the profound social and spatial effects of economic rationality. It argues that we get a view of the oppressiveness of cities from a preoccupation with the effects of narrow instrumental rationality. If we see rationality in a wider context, as cultural and expressive, then the city has emancipatory potential through its diversity. Using a range of empirical examples and drawing particularly on pragmatist ideas of 'experience' and rationality, Reason in the City of Difference offers a new, alternative reading of the city.

Changing circumstances in Western and global societies have introduced new constraints and opportunities for men and the formation of male identities. Meanwhile, the emerging diversity of "atypical" identities (atypical, that is, when compared with traditional conceptions of middle-class, white, heterosexual men) poses new challenges for the production and use of spaces.
"Spaces of Masculinities" provides a comprehensive introduction to the innovative and diverse research on spaces of masculinity. Drawing on a variety of geographical research projects, the central concern of the book is to highlight the significance of research about masculinity in sociological and geographical work dealing with constructions of gender.

The continual degradation of the planet's environment is something that affects every person in every country, be it developed or developing. Statements and policies are made at international levels, but their effectiveness is questionable. Also, are techniques of environmental management (EM) used in the west appropriate and relevant to the much poorer developing countries needs and priorities? How can they be expected to follow policies or to even just have a responsible attitude to the environment, when the governments of western developed countries have failed to keep standards set or have side-stepped policies and repeatedly shrugged off any sense of global responsibility.
Courses on environment and development usually have a strong environmental management component. By focusing on environmental management this book is very different from existing environment and development texts, whose emphasis is on listing problems, making warnings and voicing advocacy. This title moves on from these viewpoints to look at practical management and problem-solving techniques. Environmental management, by definition, also encompasses global problems and future challenges for our increasingly globalized society.
"Environmental Management and Development" clarifies the definition, nature and role of environmental management in development and developing countries. It begins with an introduction to the key terms, issues and tools of environmental management, which are linked and developed in the following chapters on specific environmental issues, making extensive use of global-local case studies. The book concludes by discussing who pays for EM and the future for EM in developing countries.

Geomorphology concerns the forms of the land's surface and the processes that create them. It is an integral part of studies in physical geography and also has significant bearing on geology and engineering. Since the nineteenth century, many systems of classifying landforms have been devised and this has led to recognized areas of specialist study, most notably fluvial, slope, coastal, glacial and periglacial, arid lands and landscape evolution. This collection makes available, in one place, key published material on each of these areas of geomorphology, and constitutes an instant archive of essential benchmark papers. By drawing together classic as well as more contemporary material, each volume provides an overview of each field and its development as well as a sense of where current debates are leading. The set as a whole provides representative coverage of the changing perspectives in the study of geomorphology over the past 100 years. The papers have been chosen by specialist editors working with the general editor, David J. A. Evans, and include introductions to each volume to set the selection in its intellectual and historical context.

Rural Poverty moves beyond the highly visual forms of poverty characteristic of the city, to explore the nature of poverty in rural spaces of Britain and America. The book sets out the key features of poverty in rural areas and highlights the important processes that act to hide key components of rural poverty.
The book seeks to challenge dominant assumptions about the spatialities of poverty and the nature of rural spaces in Britain and America. Drawing on a broad range of new research material, it provides a comprehensive and critical review of the nature of poverty in rural spaces. Particular attention is given to the scale, profile and causes of poverty in rural areas; the spatial unevenness and local geographies of rural poverty; the experiences of different forms of poverty in rural spaces; and the shifting governance of rural welfare at central and local spatial scales.
Case-study material used in the book has been drawn from a wide range of locations, including Wiltshire, Northumberland and Hampshire in the UK and New England in the US.

Sustainable development is capturing the attention of planners, politicians and business leaders. Within the academic sphere its study is increasingly breaching disciplinary boundaries to become a focus of attention for natural and social scientists alike. But in studying such a key concept, it is vital that there is a clear definition of what it means, how it is applied on the ground, and the influence it exerts upon people's perceptions of change in the physical environment, economic activity and society. Exploring Sustainable Development is a major new text which provides a multifaceted introduction to key areas of study in this field, examining sustainability at the full range of spatial scales from the local to the global. Building on existing theory it demonstrates the unique contributions that thinking geographically about space, place and human-environment relationships can bring to the analysis of sustainable development. This book explores different interpretations of sustainable development in both theory and practice, in developed and developing countries, and in rural and urban areas. It pays particular attention to the local, national and international politics of implementation, the future of climate and energy, the role of business, and different conceptions of agricultural sustainability. This wide-ranging text is ideal for undergraduates and postgraduates in geography, environmental science, development studies, and related social and political sciences.

The focus of the publication is still highly relevant and useful. In many ways the profession is just catching up with Hough's thinking -o Joan Nassauer, University of Michigan The author's name will sell the new edition in geography, landscape, and design professions -o Brian Goodey, Oxford Brookes Cities and Natural Process is a discussion of the fundamental conflict in the perception of nature and an expression of the essential need for an environmental view when approaching urban design. Michael Hough outlines how natural and human processes are altered by the city and how this leads to changes in attitudes and cultural values. He reveals how alternative values based on ecological insights offer the possibility of a constructive relationship with the urban environment. Practical examples of opportunities that are often unrecognized serve to illustrate the potential for beneficial change. While retaining the existing structure of the first edition, each of the chapters has been revised to take into account recent theoretical and practical developments. A completely new concluding chapter has been added that draws together the themes of the volume and links these to broader landscape issues such as greenway systems, landscape ecology, and green infrastructure.