Modern electronics is the most visible result of research in solid state physics. Transistors and integrated circuits are used everywhere in ever increasing numbers. The microprocessor controlled coffee-pot exists. Most experimental physicists, and, indeed, experimental scientists in most disciplines, study their subject with the aid of apparatus containing significant amounts of electronics and much of that electronics is digital. In order to design experiments and apparatus or simply to understand how a piece of equipment works, an under standing of electronics has become increasingly important. In recognition that electronics has pervaded so many areas, courses in digital electronics are now a recommended part of physics and many other science degree courses. At the introductory level, digital electronics is, primarily, a practical subject with relatively few basic concepts and any complex ity arises from the coupling together of many simple circuits and the extensive use of feedback. Designing an electronic circuit and then getting it to work correctly provides an experience, and a sense of achievement, which is significantly different from most undergradu ate work as it more closely resembles project work than standard laboratory practicals."

The 4Ds of Energy Transition Enables readers to understand technology-driven approaches that address the challenges of today’s energy scenario and the shift towards sustainable energy transition This book provides a comprehensive account of the characteristics of energy transition, covering the latest advancements, trends, and practices around the topic. It charts the path to global energy sustainability based on existing technology by focusing on the four dynamic approaches of decarbonization, decreasing use, decentralization, and digitalization, plus the important technical, economic, social and policy perspectives surrounding those approaches. Each technology is demonstrated with an introduction and a set of specific chapters. The work appropriately incorporates up-to-date data, case studies, and comparative assessments to further aid in reader comprehension. Sample topics discussed within the work by key thinkers and researchers in the broader fields of energy include: Renewable energy and sustainable energy future Decarbonization in energy sector Hydrogen and fuel cells Electric mobility and sustainable transportation Energy conservation and management Distributed and off-grid generation, energy storage, and batteries Digitalization in energy sector; smart meters, smart grids, blockchain This book is an ideal professional resource for engineers, academics, and policy makers working in areas related to the development of energy solutions.

This series is designed to meet the needs of students and lecturers of the National Certificate Vocational. Features for the student include: Easy-to-understand language; Real-life examples; A key word feature for important subject terms; A dictionary feature for difficult words; A reflect-on-how-you-learn feature to explore personal learning styles; Workplace-oriented activities; and Chapter summaries that are useful for exam revision.

Explore the cutting-edge of neuromorphic technologies with applications in Artificial Intelligence In Neuromorphic Devices for Brain-Inspired Computing: Artificial Intelligence, Perception, and Robotics, a team of expert engineers delivers a comprehensive discussion of all aspects of neuromorphic electronics designed to assist researchers and professionals to understand and apply all manner of brain-inspired computing and perception technologies. The book covers both memristic and neuromorphic devices, including spintronic, multi-terminal, and neuromorphic perceptual applications. Summarizing recent progress made in five distinct configurations of brain-inspired computing, the authors explore this promising technology's potential applications in two specific areas: neuromorphic computing systems and neuromorphic perceptual systems. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to two-terminal neuromorphic memristors, including memristive devices and resistive switching mechanisms Comprehensive explorations of spintronic neuromorphic devices and multi-terminal neuromorphic devices with cognitive behaviors Practical discussions of neuromorphic devices based on chalcogenide and organic materials In-depth examinations of neuromorphic computing and perceptual systems with emerging devices Perfect for materials scientists, biochemists, and electronics engineers, Neuromorphic Devices for Brain-Inspired Computing: Artificial Intelligence, Perception, and Robotics will also earn a place in the libraries of neurochemists, neurobiologists, and neurophysiologists.

Offers an Interdisciplinary approach to the engineering of functional materials for efficient solar cell technology Written by a collection of experts in the field of solar cell technology, this book focuses on the engineering of a variety of functional materials for improving photoanode efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The first two chapters describe operation principles of DSSC, charge transfer dynamics, as well as challenges and solutions for improving DSSCs. The remaining chapters focus on interfacial engineering of functional materials at the photoanode surface to create greater output efficiency. Interfacial Engineering in Functional Materials for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells begins by introducing readers to the history, configuration, components, and working principles of DSSC It then goes on to cover both nanoarchitectures and light scattering materials as photoanode. Function of compact (blocking) layer in the photoanode and of TiCl4 post-treatment in the photoanode are examined at next. Next two chapters look at photoanode function of doped semiconductors and binary semiconductor metal oxides. Other chapters consider nanocomposites, namely, plasmonic nanocomposites, carbon nanotube based nanocomposites, graphene based nanocomposites, and graphite carbon nitride based nanocompositesas photoanodes. The book: Provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals through the applications of DSSC Encompasses topics on various functional materials for DSSC technology Focuses on the novel design and application of materials in DSSC, to develop more efficient renewable energy sources Is useful for material scientists, engineers, physicists, and chemists interested in functional materials for the design of efficient solar cells Interfacial Engineering in Functional Materials for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells will be of great benefit to graduate students, researchers and engineers, who work in the multi-disciplinary areas of material science, engineering, physics, and chemistry.

Discover a comprehensive exploration of recent developments and fundamental concepts in the applications of metasurfaces. In Electromagnetic Metasurfaces: Theory and Applications, distinguished researchers and authors Karim Achouri and Christophe Caloz deliver an introduction to the fundamentals and applications of metasurfaces and an insightful analysis of recent and future developments in the field. The book describes the precursors and history of metasurfaces before continuing on to an exploration of the physical insights that can be gleaned from the material parameters of the metasurface. You'll learn how to compute the fields scattered by a metasurface with known material parameters being illuminated by an arbitrary incident field, as well as how to realize a practical metasurface and relate its material parameters to its physical structures. The authors provide examples to illustrate all the concepts discussed in the book to improve and simplify reader understanding. Electromagnetic Metasurfaces concludes with an incisive discussion of the likely future directions and research opportunities in the field. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to metamaterials, the concept of metasurfaces, and metasurface precursors An exploration of electromagnetic modeling and theory, including metasurfaces as zero-thickness sheets and bianisotropic susceptibility tensors A practical discussion of susceptibility synthesis, including four-parameters synthesis, more than four-parameters synthesis, and the addition of susceptibility components A concise treatment of scattered-field analysis, including approximate analytical methods, and finite-difference frequency-domain techniques Perfect for researchers in metamaterial sciences and engineers working with microwave, THz, and optical technologies, Electromagnetic Metasurfaces: Theory and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of graduate and undergraduate students in physics and electrical engineering.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Master the principles and practices of Synthetic Aperture Radar This comprehensive graduate-level textbook covers the theories and applications of Synthetic Aperture Radar and offers a solid grounding in its techniques and mathematics. Written by a recognized expert in the field, this is a unique resource to meet the growing demand for commercial SAR technologies and course offerings. Introduction to Synthetic Aperture Radar clearly explains the complex task of data collection, image formation, error correction, and image quality techniques, including detailed descriptions of commonly used image formation algorithms, such as Range Doppler Algorithm (RDA) and Polar Formatting Algorithm (PFA). From there, readers will learn the skills needed to handle advanced new applications. Continuous-wave LFM systems, interferometry, polarimetry, and moving objects are all discussed in complete detail. * Taught from a signal processing perspective * Stripmap and spotlight geometries are discussed and described * Quadrature demodulation and dechirp/stretch processing are covered in detail * Written by a signal processing expert and experienced educator

Learn about fundamental and advanced topics in etching with this practical guide Atomic Layer Processing: Semiconductor Dry Etching Technology delivers a hands-on, one-stop resource for understanding etching technologies and their applications. The distinguished scientist, executive, and author offers readers in-depth information on the various etching technologies used in the semiconductor industry, including thermal, isotropic atomic layer, radical, ion-assisted, and reactive ion etching. The book begins with a brief history of etching technology and the role it has played in the information technology revolution, along with a collection of commonly used terminology in the industry. It then moves on to discuss a variety of different etching techniques, before concluding with discussions of the fundamentals of etching reactor design and newly emerging topics in the field such as the role played by artificial intelligence in the technology. Atomic Layer Processing includes a wide variety of other topics as well, all of which contribute to the author's goal of providing the reader with an atomic-level understanding of dry etching technology sufficient to develop specific solutions for existing and emerging semiconductor technologies. Readers will benefit from: A complete discussion of the fundamentals of how to remove atoms from various surfaces An examination of emerging etching technologies, including laser and electron beam assisted etching A treatment of process control in etching technology and the role played by artificial intelligence Analyses of a wide variety of etching methods, including thermal or vapor etching, isotropic atomic layer etching, radical etching, directional atomic layer etching, and more Perfect for materials scientists, semiconductor physicists, and surface chemists, Atomic Layer Processing will also earn a place in the libraries of engineering scientists in industry and academia, as well as anyone involved with the manufacture of semiconductor technology. The author's close involvement with corporate research & development and academic research allows the book to offer a uniquely multifaceted approach to the subject.

Convex optimization problems arise frequently in many different fields. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the subject, and shows in detail how such problems can be solved numerically with great efficiency. The book begins with the basic elements of convex sets and functions, and then describes various classes of convex optimization problems. Duality and approximation techniques are then covered, as are statistical estimation techniques. Various geometrical problems are then presented, and there is detailed discussion of unconstrained and constrained minimization problems, and interior-point methods. The focus of the book is on recognizing convex optimization problems and then finding the most appropriate technique for solving them. It contains many worked examples and homework exercises and will appeal to students, researchers and practitioners in fields such as engineering, computer science, mathematics, statistics, finance and economics.

This series is designed to meet the needs of students and lecturers of the National Certificate Vocational. Features for the student include: Easy-to-understand language; Real-life examples; A key word feature for important subject terms; A dictionary feature for difficult words; A reflect-on-how-you-learn feature to explore personal learning styles; Workplace-oriented activities; and Chapter summaries that are useful for exam revision.

Fundamentals of Photonics A complete, thoroughly updated, full-color third edition Fundamentals of Photonics, Third Edition is a self-contained and up-to-date introductory-level textbook that thoroughly surveys this rapidly expanding area of engineering and applied physics. Featuring a blend of theory and applications, coverage includes detailed accounts of the primary theories of light, including ray optics, wave optics, electromagnetic optics, and photon optics, as well as the interaction of light and matter. Presented at increasing levels of complexity, preliminary sections build toward more advanced topics, such as Fourier optics and holography, photonic-crystal optics, guided-wave and fiber optics, LEDs and lasers, acousto-optic and electro-optic devices, nonlinear optical devices, ultrafast optics, optical interconnects and switches, and optical fiber communications. The third edition features an entirely new chapter on the optics of metals and plasmonic devices. Each chapter contains highlighted equations, exercises, problems, summaries, and selected reading lists. Examples of real systems are included to emphasize the concepts governing applications of current interest. Each of the twenty-four chapters of the second edition has been thoroughly updated.

Energy is one of the most important topics of our time, and renewable energy has been a long and still-unfolding story that has taken decades to bring us to where we are today. Even after so much progress, engineers and scientists are always still developing new and innovative techniques, processes, equipment, and materials to further the science and fulfill the mission of generating cleaner, renewable energy for the world's consumption. This new groundbreaking series, Advances in Renewable Energy, covers these topics across the spectrum, including solar, wind, and other renewable energy sources. This first volume in the series focuses on solar energy, probably the fastest-growing and developing area of renewable energy. With new materials and processes constantly coming online, it is important for engineers and scientists to stay abreast of the state-of-the-art in the field, and this volume does just that. Covering not just the basics of the technology and technological advances, the contributors delve into the financial aspects of solar energy systems as well. They look at total costs, not just initial costs, but the costs of maintenance, as well, Covering nearly every aspect of solar energy systems and the latest advances in the field, this is a must-have volume for any engineer, scientist, student, or educator working in or studying solar energy.

This textbook describes in detail the various Fourier and Laplace transforms that are used to analyze problems in mathematics, the natural sciences and engineering. These transforms decompose complicated signals into elementary signals, and are widely used across the spectrum of science and engineering. Applications include electrical and mechanical networks, heat conduction and filters. In contrast with other books, continuous and discrete transforms are given equal coverage.

Noch hat das Motto Alles muss kleiner werden nicht an Faszination verloren. Physikern, Ingenieuren und Medizinern erschliesst sich mit der Nanotechnologie eine neue Welt mit faszinierenden Anwendungen. E.L. Wolf, Physik-Professor in Brooklyn, N.Y., schrieb das erste einfuhrende Lehrbuch zu diesem Thema, in dem er die physikalischen Grundlagen ebenso wie die Anwendungsmoglichkeiten der Nanotechnologie diskutiert. Mittlerweile ist es in der 3. Aufl age erschienen und liegt jetzt endlich auch auf Deutsch vor. Dieses Lehrbuch bietet eine einzigartige, in sich geschlossene Einfuhrung in die physikalischen Grundlagen und Konzepte der Nanowissenschaften sowie Anwendungen von Nanosystemen. Das Themenspektrum reicht von Nanosystemen uber Quanteneff ekte und sich selbst organisierende Strukturen bis hin zu Rastersondenmethoden. Besonders die Vorstellung von Nanomaschinen fur medizinische Anwendungen ist faszinierend, wenn auch bislang noch nicht praktisch umgesetzt. Der dritten Aufl age, auf der diese Ubersetzung beruht, wurde ein neuer Abschnitt uber Graphen zugefugt. Die Diskussion moglicher Anwendungen in der Energietechnik, Nanoelektronik und Medizin wurde auf neuesten Stand gebracht und wieder aktuelle Beispiele herangezogen, um wichtige Konzepte und Forschungsinstrumente zu illustrieren. Der Autor fuhrt mit diesem Lehrbuch Studenten der Physik, Chemie sowie Ingenieurwissenschaften von den Grundlagen bis auf den Stand der aktuellen Forschung. Die leicht zu lesende Einfuhrung in dieses faszinierende Forschungsgebiet ist geeignet fur fortgeschrittene Bachelor- und Masterstudenten mit Vorkenntnissen in Physik und Chemie. Stimmen zur englischen Vorauflage Zusammenfassend ist festzustellen, dass Edward L. Wolf trotz der reichlich vorhandenen Literatur zur Nanotechnologie ein individuell gestaltetes einfuhrendes Lehrbuch gelungen ist. Es eignet sich nicht zuletzt dank der enthaltenen Ubungsaufgaben bestens zur Vorlesungsbegleitung fur Studierende der Natur- und Ingenieurwissenschaften sowie auch spezieller nanotechnologisch orientierter Studiengange. Physik Journal ...eine sehr kompakte, lesenswerte und gut verstandliche Einfuhrung in die Quantenmechanik sowie ihre Auswirkungen auf die Materialwissenschaften ...Chemie Ingenieur Technik

This book covers the state-of-the-art in digital games research and development for anyone working with or studying digital games and those who are considering entering into this rapidly growing industry. Many books have been published that sufficiently describe popular topics in digital games; however, until now there has not been a comprehensive book that draws the traditional and emerging facets of gaming together across multiple disciplines within a single volume.

Over the course of a generation, algorithms have gone from mathematical abstractions to powerful mediators of daily life. In evolving from static computer programs hand-coded by engineers to the products of machine learning, these technologies have made our lives more efficient, more entertaining, and, sometimes, better informed. At the same time, complex algorithms are increasingly crushing the basic rights of individual citizens. Allegedly anonymized datasets and statistical models routinely leak our most sensitive personal information; applications for everything from loans to college reflect racial and gender bias. Meanwhile, users manipulate algorithms to "game" search engines, spam filters, online reviewing services and navigation apps. Understanding and improving the science behind the algorithms that run our lives is quickly becoming one of the most pressing issues of this century. Traditional solutions, such as laws, regulations and watchdog groups, have proven woefully inadequate, at best. Derived from the cutting-edge of scientific research, The Ethical Algorithm offers a new approach: a set of principled solutions based on the emerging and exciting science of socially aware algorithm design. Weaving together the science behind algorithm design with stories of citizens, lawyers, scientists, and activists experiencing the trial-and-error of research in real-time, Michael Kearns and Aaron Roth present a strikingly original way forward, showing how we can begin to work together to protect people from the unintended impacts of algorithms-and, sometimes, protect the science that could save us from ourselves.

An accessible but technically rigorous guide to color management for all users in all market segments Understanding Color Management, 2nd Edition explains the basics of color science as needed to understand color profiling software, color measuring instruments, and software applications, such as Adobe Photoshop and proofing RIPs. It also serves as a practical guide to International Color Consortium (ICC) profiles describing procedures for managing color with digital cameras, LCD displays, inkjet proofers, digital presses and web browsers and tablets. Updates since the first edition include new chapters on iPads, tablets and smartphones; home-cinema projection systems, as well as, with the industrial user in mind, new additional chapters on large-format inkjet for signage and banner printing, flexography, xerography and spot color workflows. Key features: Managing color in digital cameras with Camera Raw and DNG. Step-by-step approach to using color management in Adobe Photoshop CC. M0, M1, M2 instrument measurement modes explained. Testing of low cost, iPhone color measuring instruments. Updated to include iccMAX (Version 5.0) ICC profiles. G7 calibration explained with practical examples. Conventional printing conditions described - SNAP, GRACoL, SWOP, Fogra, CRPC. New sections on Pantone EXTENDED GAMUT Guide. Introduction to XML for color management applications. Understanding Color Management, 2nd Edition is a valuable resource for digital photographers, keen amateurs and end-users, graphic designers and artists, web masters, production and prepress operators and supervisors, color scientists and researchers, color consultants, and manufacturers. It is a must-have course text for college and university students of graphics arts, graphic communications, digital photography, print media, and imaging arts and sciences. The Society for Imaging Science and Technology (imaging.org) is an international professional society whose mission is to keep members and others aware of the latest scientific and technological developments in the greater field of imaging. A major objective of the Wiley-IS&T series is to advance this goal at the professional level. The broad scope of the series focuses on imaging in all its aspects, with particular emphasis on digital printing, electronic imaging, image assessment and reproduction, image archiving and preservation, color science, pre-press technologies, and hybrid imaging systems.

In order to fully utilise nucleonic measurement principles and their applications, it is important to have an understanding of the underlying physics. "Radioisotope Gauges for Industrial Process Measurements" combines theoretical background with practical experience in order to present an accessible overview of the use of radioisotopes in industry. This unique book explains the modes of operation of installed gauges and presents nucleonic methods relevant to measurement problems. The first part of the book deals with radiation sources, the interaction of radiation with matter and radiation detectors. The second part explains the different measurement principles used for industrial gauges and the last part of the book covers industrial applications. This book also: Features a concise introduction to atomic and nuclear physics. Presents a range of nucleonic measurement methods and highlights their application to a variety of problems. Contains an overview of electronics, measurement accuracy, safety and standards. Considers processes and demands, design strategies and practical realisation of measurement systems. Provides many practical engineering examples.

Offering a comprehensive coverage of engineering applications, this book is an essential tool for electrical, electronic and instrument engineers in the oil and chemicals processing sectors. It is also a valuable reference to graduate students and physicists involved in nuclear radiation measurement, medical applications, radiochemical research, environmental monitoring and chemical engineering.

A new edition of this popular text on robust statistics, thoroughly updated to include new and improved methods and focus on implementation of methodology using the increasingly popular open-source software R. Classical statistics fail to cope well with outliers associated with deviations from standard distributions. Robust statistical methods take into account these deviations when estimating the parameters of parametric models, thus increasing the reliability of fitted models and associated inference. This new, second edition of Robust Statistics Theory and Methods (with R) presents a broad coverage of the theory of robust statistics that is integrated with computing methods and applications. Updated to include important new research results of the last decade and focus on the use of the popular software package R, it features in-depth coverage of the key methodology, including regression, multivariate analysis, and time series modeling. The book is illustrated throughout by a range of examples and applications that are supported by a companion website featuring data sets and R code that allow the reader to reproduce the examples given in the book. Unlike other books on the market, Robust Statistics Theory and Methods (with R) offers the most comprehensive, definitive, and up-to-date treatment of the subject. It features chapters on estimating location and scale; measuring robustness; linear regression with fixed and with random predictors; multivariate analysis; generalized linear models; time series; numerical algorithms; and asymptotic theory of M-estimates. Explains both the use and theoretical justification of robust methods Guides readers in selecting and using the most appropriate robust methods for their problems Features computational algorithms for the core methods Robust statistics research results of the last decade included in this 2nd edition include: fast deterministic robust regression, finite-sample robustness, robust regularized regression, robust location and scatter estimation with missing data, robust estimation with independent outliers in variables, and robust mixed linear models. Robust Statistics aims to stimulate the use of robust methods as a powerful tool to increase the reliability and accuracy of statistical modelling and data analysis. It is an ideal resource for researchers, practitioners, and graduate students in statistics, engineering, computer science, and physical and social sciences.

There has been growing interest in the model of semiconductor lasers with non-Markovian relaxation. Introducing senior and graduate students and research scientists to quantum mechanics concepts, which are becoming an essential tool in modern engineering, "Engineering Quantum Mechanics" develops a non-Markovian model for the optical gain of semiconductor, taking into account the rigorous electronic band-structure and the non-Markovian relaxation using the quantum statistical reduced-density operator formalism. Example programs based on Fortran 77 are provided for band-structures of zinc-blende and wurtzite quantum wells.

"Electronics" provides a welcome, comprehensive history of one of the late twentieth century's greatest technologies: electronic devices. Some of them, the laser and the microchip for example, have become household words. Yet their origins and operation are largely unknown to the general public, remaining mysterious outside the field of engineering. Their advent brought about many of the most important historical developments in recent memory--the rise of television, the Cold War, the Space Race, the growth of Asian semiconductor manufacturers, and the emergence of the surveillance society.

"Electronics" also relates the fascinating stories of how scientists and engineers created and commercialized such devices as the transistor, the Magnetron tube used to power microwave ovens, the CRT (cathode ray tube), the laser, the first integrated circuit, the microprocessor, and memory chips.