Embedded Courts is laden with tension. Chinese courts are organized as a singular and unified system yet grassroots courts in urban and rural regions differ greatly in the way they use the law and are as diverse as the populations they serve. Based on extensive fieldwork and in-depth interviews, this book offers a penetrating discussion of the operation of Chinese courts. It explains how Chinese judges rule and how the law is not the only script they follow - political, administrative, social and economic factors all influence verdicts. This landmark work will revise our understanding of the role of law in China - one that cannot be easily understood through the standard lens of judicial independence and separation of powers. Ng and He make clear the struggle facing frontline judges as they bridge the gap between a rule-based application of law and an instrumentalist view that prioritizes stability maintenance.

This book describes an approach and supporting infrastructure to facilitate debugging the silicon implementation of a System-on-Chip (SOC), allowing its associated product to be introduced into the market more quickly.Readers learn step-by-step the key requirements for debugging a modern, silicon SOC implementation, nine factors that complicate this debugging task, and a new debug approach that addresses these requirements and complicating factors.The authors novel communication-centric, scan-based, abstraction-based, run/stop-based (CSAR) debug approach is discussed in detail, showing how it helps to meet debug requirements and address the nine, previously identified factors that complicate debugging silicon implementations of SOCs. The authors also derive the debug infrastructure requirements to support debugging of a silicon implementation of an SOC with their CSAR debug approach. This debug infrastructure consists of a generic on-chip debug architecture, a configurable automated design-for-debug flow to be used during the design of an SOC, and customizable off-chip debugger software. Coverage includes an evaluation of the efficiency and effectiveness of the CSAR approach and its supporting infrastructure, using six industrial SOCs and an illustrative, example SOC model.The authors also quantify the hardware cost and design effort to support their approach.
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Nowadays, the prevalence of computing systems in our lives is so ubiquitous that we live in a cyber-physical world dominated by computer systems, from pacemakers to cars and airplanes. These systems demand for more computational performance to process large amounts of data from multiple data sources with guaranteed processing times. Actuating outside of the required timing bounds may cause the failure of the system, being vital for systems like planes, cars, business monitoring, e-trading, etc. High-Performance and Time-Predictable Embedded Computing presents recent advances in software architecture and tools to support such complex systems, enabling the design of embedded computing devices which are able to deliver high-performance whilst guaranteeing the application required timing bounds. Technical topics discussed in the book include: - Parallel embedded platforms - Programming models - Mapping and scheduling of parallel computations - Timing and schedulability analysis - Runtimes and operating systems The work reflected in this book was done in the scope of the European project P SOCRATES, funded under the FP7 framework program of the European Commission. High-performance and time-predictable embedded computing is ideal for personnel in computer/communication/embedded industries as well as academic staff and master/research students in computer science, embedded systems, cyber-physical systems and internet-of-things.

. . . a surprisingly useful and largely readable effort. It presents in textbook style an introduction to the creation, use, and evaluation of online full text databases. SLA SSD Bulletin This is the first complete treatment of full text databases. Comprehensive and up-to-date, the book incorporates an overview of the current status of full text databases with explanations of past research pertinent to full text and information regarding the future of full text. The major online systems that offer full text are described, with five systems highlighted: DIALOG, Mead Data Central's LEXIS and NEXIS, Westlaw, STN International, and BRS. The book features an extensive bibliography that includes articles specifically about full text databases as well as citations to research studies that use methodology particularly appropriate to full text research. The first two chapters of the book describe in detail the major online systems that currently offer full text. Chapter 3 provides an overview of the search and display features on the major online systems that are particularly suited to full text searching. Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7 focus on full text searching. Chapter 4 introduces and provides an overview of the types of full text research that have been done. The next three chapters describe in detail the methodology and findings of some full text research projects undertaken by the authors. Chapters 8 and 9 bring together the practical aspects of the research described in the preceding chapters and offer useful advice for searchers, database producers and online developers. The information is of immediate use for searching today's full text database, but also offers ideas for improvement in the near future. The final chapter focuses on the future of full text research. This book is appropriate for online searchers, database producers, database vendors and designers. It can also be used as a supplemental text in courses in advanced online searching and information storage and retrieval.

Take advantage of everything Microsoft's new PowerShell 7 has to offer PowerShell 7 for IT Pros is your guide to using PowerShell 7, the open source, cross-platform version of Windows PowerShell. Windows IT professionals can begin setting up automation in PowerShell 7, which features many improvements over the early version of PowerShell Core and Windows PowerShell. PowerShell 7 users can enjoy the high level of compatibility with the Windows PowerShell modules they rely on today. This book shows IT professionals--especially Windows administrators and developers--how to use PowerShell7 to engage in their most important tasks, such as managing networking, using AD/DNS/DHCP, leveraging Azure, and more. To make it easy to learn everything PowerShell 7 has to offer, this book includes robust examples, each containing sample code so readers can follow along. Scripts are based on PowerShell 7 running on Windows 10 19H1 or later and Windows Server 2019. - Learn to navigate the PowerShell 7 administrative environment - Use PowerShell 7 to automate networking, Active Directory, Windows storage, shared data, and more - Run Windows Update, IIS, Hyper-V, and WMI and CIM cmdlets within PowerShell 7 - Understand how to handle reporting in the new PowerShell 7 environment PowerShell 7 for IT Pros provides exclusive coverage of using PowerShell with both cloud-based systems and virtualized environments (Hyper V and Azure). Written by PowerShell veteran Thomas Lee, this is the only book you'll need to get started with PowerShell 7.

Become smartphone savvy with Dummies Android Smartphones For Dummies is the all-new guide to Android phones with the familiar Dummies charm everyone loves. This book will give Android rookies a crash-course in how to use these popular phones. You'll go beyond the basics of texting and taking photos--we'll walk you through all the pro tips and tricks for customizing your phone, optimizing all your settings, using social media (safely), and making the most of apps and widgets. We'll even teach you how to make calls, because phones can still do that. Set up and customize your new Android phone Take stunning pictures, video, and even selfies Find the best apps to make your life easier and more fun Keep your data secure and private while you browse the internet New and inexperienced Android users will love the helpful, step-by-step guidance and friendly advice in Android Smartphones For Dummies.

- Concentrates on the sustainable applications of the IoT and CPS Forensics across multiple latest computational knowledge domains. - Covers the feasible and practical collaboration of IoT and CPS with the latest Sustainable Smart Computing Technologies. - Ideally designed for policymakers, students, researchers, academicians, and professionals who are looking for current research that is interested in exploring and implementing IoT and CPS Forensics strategies.

The European research project DESERVE (DEvelopment platform for Safe and Efficient dRiVE, 2012-2015) had the aim of designing and developing a platform tool to cope with the continuously increasing complexity and the simultaneous need to reduce cost for future embedded Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). For this purpose, the DESERVE platform profits from cross-domain software reuse, standardization of automotive software component interfaces, and easy but safety-compliant integration of heterogeneous modules. This enables the development of a new generation of ADAS applications, which challengingly combine different functions, sensors, actuators, hardware platforms, and Human Machine Interfaces (HMI). This book presents the different results of the DESERVE project concerning the ADAS development platform, test case functions, and validation and evaluation of different approaches. The reader is invited to substantiate the content of this book with the deliverables published during the DESERVE project. Technical topics discussed in this book include: Modern ADAS development platforms; Design space exploration; Driving modelling; Video-based and Radar-based ADAS functions; HMI for ADAS; Vehicle-hardware-in-the-loop validation systems

During the development of an engineered product, developers often need to create an embedded system-a prototype-that demonstrates the operation/function of the device and proves its viability. Offering practical tools for the development and prototyping phases, Embedded Systems Circuits and Programming provides a tutorial on microcontroller programming and the basics of embedded design. The book focuses on several development tools and resources: Standard and off-the-shelf components, such as input/output devices, integrated circuits, motors, and programmable microcontrollers The implementation of circuit prototypes via breadboards, the in-house fabrication of test-time printed circuit boards (PCBs), and the finalization by the manufactured board Electronic design programs and software utilities for creating PCBs Sample circuits that can be used as part of the targeted embedded system The selection and programming of microcontrollers in the circuit For those working in electrical, electronic, computer, and software engineering, this hands-on guide helps you successfully develop systems and boards that contain digital and analog components and controls. The text includes easy-to-follow sample circuits and their corresponding programs, enabling you to use them in your own work. For critical circuits, the authors provide tested PCB files.

Modern electronic systems consist of a fairly heterogeneous set of components. Today, a single system can be constituted by a hardware platform, frequently composed of a mix of analog and digital components, and by several software application layers. The hardware can include several heterogeneous microprocessors (e.g. GPP, DSP, GPU, etc.), dedicated ICs (ASICs and/or FPGAs), memories, a set of local connections between the system components, and some interfaces between the system and the environment (sensors, actuators, etc.). Therefore, on the one hand, multi-processor embedded systems are capable of meeting the demand of processing power and flexibility of complex applications. On the other hand, such systems are very complex to design and optimize, so that the design methodology plays a major role in determining the success of the products. For these reasons, to cope with the increasing system complexity, the approaches typically used today are oriented towards co-design methodologies working at the higher levels of abstraction. Unfortunately, such methodologies are typically customized for the specific application, suffer of a lack of generality and still need a considerable effort when real-size project are envisioned. Therefore, there is still the need for a general methodology able to support the designer during the high-level steps of a co-design flow, enabling an effective design space exploration before tackling the low-level steps and thus committing to the final technology. This should prevent costly redesign loops.In such a context, the work described in this book, composed of two parts, aims at providing models, methodologies and tools to support each step of the co-design flow of embedded systems implemented by exploiting heterogeneous multi-processor architectures mapped on distributed systems, as well as fully integrated onto a single chip. The first part focuses on issues like the analysis of system specification languages, and the analysis of existing system-level HW/SW co-simulation methodologies to support heterogeneous multi-processor architectures. The second part focuses mainly on Design Space Exploration, and it presents both some theoretical advancements with respect to the first part, and the development of a prototypal framework that provides practical exploitation of the proposed concepts.

Created to help scientists and engineers write computer code, this practical book addresses the important tools and techniques that are necessary for scientific computing, but which are not yet commonplace in science and engineering curricula. This book contains chapters summarizing the most important topics that computational researchers need to know about. It leverages the viewpoints of passionate experts involved with scientific computing courses around the globe and aims to be a starting point for new computational scientists and a reference for the experienced. Each contributed chapter focuses on a specific tool or skill, providing the content needed to provide a working knowledge of the topic in about one day. While many individual books on specific computing topics exist, none is explicitly focused on getting technical professionals and students up and running immediately across a variety of computational areas.

Computer-Hardware Evaluation of Mathematical Functions provides a thorough up-to-date understanding of the methods used in computer hardware for the evaluation of mathematical functions: reciprocals, square-roots, exponentials, logarithms, trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions, etc. It discusses how the methods are derived, how they work, and how well they work. The methods are divided into four core themes: CORDIC, normalization, table look-up, and polynomial approximations. In each case, the author carefully considers the mathematical derivation and basis of the relevant methods, how effective they are (including mathematical errors analysis), and how they can be implemented in hardware.This book is an excellent resource for any student or researcher seeking a comprehensive, yet easily understandable, explanation of how computer chips evaluate mathematical functions.

Using memristors one can achieve circuit functionalities that are not possible to establish with resistors, capacitors and inductors, therefore the memristor is of great pragmatic usefulness. Potential unique applications of memristors are in spintronic devices, ultra-dense information storage, neuromorphic circuits and programmable electronics. "Memristor Networks "focuses on the design, fabrication, modelling of and implementation of computation in spatially extended discrete media with many memristors. Top experts in computer science, mathematics, electronics, physics and computer engineering present foundations of the memristor theory and applications, demonstrate how to design neuromorphic network architectures based on memristor assembles, analyse varieties of the dynamic behaviour of memristive networks and show how to realise computing devices from memristors. All aspects of memristor networks are presented in detail, in a fully accessible style. An indispensable source of information and an inspiring reference text, "Memristor Networks "is an invaluable resource for future generations of computer scientists, mathematicians, physicists and engineers.

Compiled by an experienced practitioner in the field, this book contains definitions of the major terms used in Reliability Engineering and Software Assessment. Approximately 2000 definitions have been carefully selected from standards and literature published by leading institutions such as the IEEE and IEC. Alternative definitions of the same term are given where relevant, enabling the reader to compare and contrast, thereby giving useful insights into different aspects of the same term. There is also extensive cross-referencing to make the book easy to use and practical.
This book will provide an invaluable reference book for anyone working in the fields of reliability engineering or software assessment but should be of particular interest to industrial researchers and practitioners, members of standards committees, reliability consultants, students on Software Quality courses, technical authors and sub-editors.

Heterogeneous Computing with OpenCL 2.0 teaches OpenCL and parallel programming for complex systems that may include a variety of device architectures: multi-core CPUs, GPUs, and fully-integrated Accelerated Processing Units (APUs). This fully-revised edition includes the latest enhancements in OpenCL 2.0 including: * Shared virtual memory to increase programming flexibility and reduce data transfers that consume resources * Dynamic parallelism which reduces processor load and avoids bottlenecks * Improved imaging support and integration with OpenGL Designed to work on multiple platforms, OpenCL will help you more effectively program for a heterogeneous future. Written by leaders in the parallel computing and OpenCL communities, this book explores memory spaces, optimization techniques, extensions, debugging and profiling. Multiple case studies and examples illustrate high-performance algorithms, distributing work across heterogeneous systems, embedded domain-specific languages, and will give you hands-on OpenCL experience to address a range of fundamental parallel algorithms.

Beginning with an introduction to cryptography, Hardware Security: Design, Threats, and Safeguards explains the underlying mathematical principles needed to design complex cryptographic algorithms. It then presents efficient cryptographic algorithm implementation methods, along with state-of-the-art research and strategies for the design of very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuits and symmetric cryptosystems, complete with examples of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) ciphers, asymmetric ciphers, and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)."

Gain a Comprehensive Understanding of Hardware Security from Fundamentals to Practical Applications"

Since most implementations of standard cryptographic algorithms leak information that can be exploited by adversaries to gather knowledge about secret encryption keys, Hardware Security: Design, Threats, and Safeguards

• Details algorithmic- and circuit-level countermeasures for attacks based on power, timing, fault, cache, and scan chain analysis
• Describes hardware intellectual property piracy and protection techniques at different levels of abstraction based on watermarking
• Discusses hardware obfuscation and physically unclonable functions (PUFs), as well as Trojan modeling, taxonomy, detection, and prevention

Design for Security and Meet Real-Time Requirements"

If you consider security as critical a metric for integrated circuits (ICs) as power, area, and performance, you ll embrace the design-for-security methodology of Hardware Security: Design, Threats, and Safeguards."

A comprehensive and accessible introduction to the development of embedded systems and Internet of Things devices using ARM mbed Designing Embedded Systems and the Internet of Things (IoT) with the ARM mbed offers an accessible guide to the development of ARM mbed and includes a range of topics on the subject from the basic to the advanced. ARM mbed is a platform and operating system based on 32-bit ARM Cortex-M microcontrollers. This important resource puts the focus on ARM mbed NXP LPC1768 and FRDM-K64F evaluation boards. NXP LPC1768 has powerful features such as a fast microcontroller, various digital and analog I/Os, various serial communication interfaces and a very easy to use Web based compiler. It is one of the most popular kits that are used to study and create projects. FRDM-K64F is relatively new and largely compatible with NXP LPC1768 but with even more powerful features. This approachable text is an ideal guide that is divided into four sections; Getting Started with the ARM mbed, Covering the Basics, Advanced Topics and Case Studies. This getting started guide: Offers a clear introduction to the topic Contains a wealth of original and illustrative case studies Includes a practical guide to the development of projects with the ARM mbed platform Presents timely coverage of how to develop IoT applications Designing Embedded Systems and the Internet of Things (IoT) with the ARM mbed offers students and R&D engineers a resource for understanding the ARM mbed NXP LPC1768 evaluation board.

Deep Learning and Parallel Computing Environment for Bioengineering Systems delivers a significant forum for the technical advancement of deep learning in parallel computing environment across bio-engineering diversified domains and its applications. Pursuing an interdisciplinary approach, it focuses on methods used to identify and acquire valid, potentially useful knowledge sources. Managing the gathered knowledge and applying it to multiple domains including health care, social networks, mining, recommendation systems, image processing, pattern recognition and predictions using deep learning paradigms is the major strength of this book. This book integrates the core ideas of deep learning and its applications in bio engineering application domains, to be accessible to all scholars and academicians. The proposed techniques and concepts in this book can be extended in future to accommodate changing business organizations' needs as well as practitioners' innovative ideas.

PIC microcontrollers are used worldwide in commercial and industrial devices. The 8-bit PIC which this book focuses on is a versatile work horse that completes many designs. An engineer working with applications that include a microcontroller will no doubt come across the PIC sooner rather than later. It is a must to have a working knowledge of this 8-bit technology.
This book takes the novice from introduction of embedded systems through to advanced development techniques for utilizing and optimizing the PIC family of microcontrollers in your device. To truly understand the PIC, assembly and C programming language must be understood. The author explains both with sample code and examples, and makes the transition from the former to the latter an easy one. This is a solid building block for future PIC endeavors.
New to the 2nd Edition:
*Include end of chapter questions/activities moving from introductory to advanced
*More worked examples
*Includes PowerPoint slides for instructors
*Includes all code snips on a companion web site for ease of use
*A survey of 16/32-bit PICs
*A project using ZigBee

*Covers both assembly and C programming languages, essential for optimizing the PIC
*Amazing breadth of coverage moving from introductory to advanced topics covering more and more complex microcontroller families
*Details MPLAB and other Microchip design tools

This practical, user-friendly handbook specifically addresses software companies that are interested in implementing effective improvement processes into the daily work life of every employee. A wealth of checklists, templates, exercises, tips, and pitfalls to avoid make it easy for readers to integrate quality awareness into their organization's day-to-day processes at every level.

This book introduces beginning undergraduate students of computing and computational disciplines to modern parallel and distributed programming languages and environments, including map-reduce, general-purpose graphics processing units (GPUs), and graphical user interfaces (GUI) for mobile applications. The book also guides instructors via selected essays on what and how to introduce parallel and distributed computing topics into the undergraduate curricula, including quality criteria for parallel algorithms and programs, scalability, parallel performance, fault tolerance, and energy efficiency analysis. The chapters designed for students serve as supplemental textual material for early computing core courses, which students can use for learning and exercises. The illustrations, examples, and sequences of smaller steps to build larger concepts are also tools that could be inserted into existing instructor material. The chapters intended for instructors are written at a teaching level and serve as a rigorous reference to include learning goals, advice on presentation and use of the material, within early and advanced undergraduate courses. Since Parallel and Distributed Computing (PDC) now permeates most computing activities, imparting a broad-based skill set in PDC technology at various levels in the undergraduate educational fabric woven by Computer Science (CS) and Computer Engineering (CE) programs as well as related computational disciplines has become essential. This book and others in this series aim to address the need for lack of suitable textbook support for integrating PDC-related topics into undergraduate courses, especially in the early curriculum. The chapters are aligned with the curricular guidelines promulgated by the NSF/IEEE-TCPP Curriculum Initiative on Parallel and Distributed Computing for CS and CE students and with the CS2013 ACM/IEEE Computer Science Curricula.

This book deals with a topical issue relating to the use of script in Japan, one which has the potential to reshape future script policy through the mediation of both orthographic practices and social relations. It tells the story of the impact of one of the most significant technological breakthroughs in Japan in the latter part of this century: the invention and rapid adoption of word-processing technology capable of handling Japanese script in a society where the nature of that script had previously mandated handwriting as the norm. The ramifications of this technology in both the business and personal spheres have been wide-ranging, extending from changes to business practices, work profiles, orthography and social attitudes to writing through to Japan's ability to construct a substantial presence on the Internet in recent years.

The author of the "Programmer's Toolbox" column shows how to use powerful math functions to achieve optimal real-time performance in programming. Along the way, readers will gain new understanding of math fundamentals, learn how to write more robust software for real-time systems, and discover how to implement math algorithms efficiently and accurately. The toolkit is bundled with a CD-ROM containing an arsenal of math algorithms to make the learning process easy and fun.

This book presents the state-of-the-art methodology and detailed analytical models and methods used to assess the reliability of complex systems and related applications in statistical reliability engineering. It is a textbook based mainly on the author's recent research and publications as well as experience of over 30 years in this field. The book covers a wide range of methods and models in reliability, and their applications, including: statistical methods and model selection for machine learning; models for maintenance and software reliability; statistical reliability estimation of complex systems; and statistical reliability analysis of k out of n systems, standby systems and repairable systems. Offering numerous examples and solved problems within each chapter, this comprehensive text provides an introduction to reliability engineering graduate students, a reference for data scientists and reliability engineers, and a thorough guide for researchers and instructors in the field.