This Geotechnical Technical Guidance Manual (TGM) provides technical guidance for geotechnical work performed by the Federal Lands Highway (FLH). It provides guidance for understanding and applying policies, standards and criteria in recognition of the need to manage financial and public safety risk and accomplish the missions of FHWA, FLH and partner agencies. Specific topics include geotechnical reconnaissance, site and subsurface investigation, analysis and design, reporting, PS&E involvement, construction support, performance monitoring, emergency response and consultant roles. The guidance in this TGM supports the policies, standards and standard practices presented in Chapter 6 of the Project Development and Design Manual (PDDM). Additionally, the TGM provides guidance for activities where standards and standard practices do not exist and it provides access to and guidance for the use of new technologies. Chapter 6 of the PDDM is the source for general direction on "what" should be performed, whereas guidance herein provides recommendations and options for "how" to perform these tasks. Like the PDDM, the TGM is intended to be used primarily as a web-based electronic reference document. Not all guidance is presented directly in the manual. When published sources present guidance that satisfies the requirements of FLH, or does so with only minor modification required, the TGM provides citations and links to those sources. If necessary, commentary on the application of these sources is provided here. This is done to keep the TGM small and more manageable, and also to allow easy and timely incorporation of new guidance as it is developed and published by FLH, FHWA and others. Technical guidance references cited and linked in this manual are classified as either "Primary," or "Secondary." Primary sources either present preferred guidance on how to accomplish a task or, when equal guidance is available through many sources, the Primary source is most widely available. "Secondary" sources are additional documents that are often relied on for FLH work; they present guidance to augment the Primary source. The PDDM presents work requirements through the official statement of policy and standards so it is an essential companion manual to the TGM. The TGM does not stand alone; policies and standards are repeated here only as necessary to offer guidance on their application. If discrepancy in the statement of policy or standards exists, the PDDM has precedence. Division-level documents also exist within FLH to provide guidance on unique technical practices or procedures at FLH Divisions; where these exist they should be followed for work within that Division. Also, although the organization of each of the Divisions is similar, there are differences. For this reason, the project delivery process and how the Geotechnical Discipline works within that process is described largely at the Division level.

(PDDM Part I - Chapters 1-7) Federal Lands Highway (FLH) has developed the Project Development and Design Manual (PDDM) to provide current policies and guidance for the interdisciplinary project development and design related activities performed by FLH Divisions and their consultants. It also serves as a guide for administrators, public officials and others, both within and outside FLH, who are responsible for advancing projects through the project development process. The purpose of the PDDM is to: Provide current policies, standards, criteria and guidance for development and design of FLH projects; Be easily accessed by internal and external participants in the project development process; Be user-friendly with useful navigation and search tools; Provide immediate access to approved external references; and Be frequently updated to maintain credibility. A primary goal of the PDDM is clarifying what is expected for FLH projects and delivering an end product that meets these expectations. The previous edition of the manual has been converted from a policy/procedures hard copy format manual to a policy/best practices, interactive web-based document with electronic links. Most theory-specific procedures or recommended methods, including computer software, are included in the updated PDDM by reference only. This manual is not intended to be a technical "how to" instructional guide. The manual defines FLH policies, standards and standard practices, criteria, guidance and discretionary expectations for project development. The FLH Discipline Champions and their respective teams prepared this edition of the PDDM, with assistance from engineering consultants. The FLH Discipline Champions wish to express their appreciation to all contributors who assisted in the development of this manual, specifically the contributions of the following: FLH Division Engineers and Directors, FLH Branch Chiefs, FLH Staff, Materials furnished by other State and Federal agencies, Research publications and materials furnished by the private sector, Consultants who contributed to the preparation, and Federal land management agency partners and other reviewers.

This report presents information on deployment of Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS), also known as Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for transit. The summary information included is designed to be useful to both governmental agencies and the private sector for an overview of the current deployment and interest in additional purchase of these systems. The tables presented following this summary information lists deployment and plans by agency.

This U.S. Department of Commerce study responds to a request by Congress to examine market developments and government policies influencing the competitiveness of the United States jet transport aircraft industry. Section 819 of the "Vision 100-Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act" (P.L. 108-176) established the objectives of the study. The report focuses primarily on U.S. and European manufacturers of civil jet transports with 100 seats or more (referred to as large civil aircraft or LCA), as well as of the engines and major subsystems for those aircraft.

Reference (a) directs the Navy to implement a traffic safety program designed to reduce deaths, injuries, and property damage caused by motor vehicle mishaps. The personnel and financial losses that result from motor vehicle mishaps are significant readiness degraders and commanders, at all levels, shall ensure that effective traffic safety programs are developed and implemented to minimize losses.

Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) regulations are intended to ensure the safe, timely, and effective evacuation of intercity and commuter rail passengers when necessary during passenger train emergencies. Although it is recognized that during the majority of emergency scenarios, it is much safer for passengers to remain on the train, it may be necessary for passengers and crew to evacuate a passenger train quickly, due to certain life-threatening conditions (e.g., fire).

On January 15, 2009, about 1527 eastern standard time, US Airways flight 1549, an Airbus Industrie A320-214, N106US, experienced an almost complete loss of thrust in both engines after encountering a flock of birds and was subsequently ditched on the Hudson River about 8.5 miles from LaGuardia Airport (LGA), New York City, New York. The flight was en route to Charlotte Douglas International Airport, Charlotte, North Carolina, and had departed LGA about 2 minutes before the in-flight event occurred. The 150 passengers, including a lap-held child, and 5 crewmembers evacuated the airplane via the forward and overwing exits. One flight attendant and four passengers were seriously injured, and the airplane was substantially damaged. The scheduled, domestic passenger flight was operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 121 on an instrument flight rules flight plan. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident.

This is the first of two volumes of a report on the Hybrid Propagation Model, an advanced prediction model for aviation noise propagation.

This report presents results from the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's Roadside Intervention Model for fiscal year 2007. The model estimates the number of crashes avoided, as well as injuries avoided and lives saved, as a result of the agency's roadside inspection program. The Roadside Intervention Model uses a risk-based approach to estimates the benefits of the roadside inspection program. With this approach, each violation detected at the roadside is assigned a crash risk. When these violations are corrected as a result of an inspection, the associated crash risks are removed and the number of crashes, fatalities, and injuries prevented can be estimated.

On August 5, 2008, about 1941 Pacific daylight time, a Sikorsky S-61N helicopter, N612AZ, impacted trees and terrain during the initial climb after takeoff from Helispot 44 (H-44), located at an elevation of about 6,000 feet in mountainous terrain near Weaverville, California. The pilot-in-command, the safety crewmember, and seven firefighters were fatally injured; the copilot and three firefighters were seriously injured. Impact forces and a postcrash fire destroyed the helicopter, which was being operated by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) as a public flight to transport firefighters from H-44 to another helispot. The USFS had contracted with Carson Helicopters, Inc. (CHI) of Grants Pass, Oregon, for the services of the helicopter, which was registered to CHI and leased to Carson Helicopter Services, Inc. of Grants Pass. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident, and a company visual flight rules flight plan had been filed.

This document updates the Intelligent Transportation Systems Strategic Research Plan, 2010 to 2013, a focused research agenda whose goal to deliver the foundational systems, technologies, and applications that provide transportation connectivity to the nation.

SummaryOn December 19, 2005, about 1439 eastern standard time, a Grumman Turbo Mallard (G-73T) amphibious airplane, N2969, operated by Flying Boat, Inc., doing business as Chalk's Ocean Airways flight 101, crashed into a shipping channel adjacent to the Port of Miami, Florida, shortly after takeoff from the Miami Seaplane Base. Flight 101 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight to Bimini, Bahamas, with 2 flight crewmembers and 18 passengers on board. The airplane's right wing separated during flight. All 20 people aboard the airplane were killed, and the airplane was destroyed by impact forces. Flight 101 was operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 121 on a visual flight rules flight plan. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident.

On August 9, 2010, about 1442 Alaska daylight time, a single-engine, turbine-powered, amphibious float-equipped de Havilland DHC-3T airplane, N455A, impacted mountainous, tree-covered terrain about 10 nautical miles (nm) northeast of Aleknagik, Alaska. The airline transport pilot and four passengers received fatal injuries, and four passengers received serious injuries. The airplane sustained substantial damage, including deformation and breaching of the fuselage. The flight was operated by GCI Communication Corp. (GCI), of Anchorage, Alaska, under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. About the time of the accident, meteorological conditions that met the criteria for marginal visual flight rules were reported at Dillingham Airport, Dillingham, Alaska, about 18 nm south of the accident site. No flight plan was filed. The flight departed about 1427 from a GCI-owned private lodge on the shore of Lake Nerka and was en route to a remote sport fishing camp about 52 nm southeast on the Nushagak River.

Cedar Creek and Belle Grove National Historical Park (CEBE), designated a national park unit in 2002, is in the process of developing its first General Management Plan (GMP), which will identify the overall direction for future management of the park. In addition, the GMP provides a framework for park managers to identify resource protection strategies, appropriate uses, necessary facilities, and how visitors will experience the park.

This study will assess the potential for an alternative transportation system (ATS) at Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site (NHS), in Elverson, Pennsylvania. Concerned about internal circulation and interested in taking advantage of local interest in partnering for historic, cultural, and natural resources, the National Park Service (NPS) asked the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center) to investigate existing conditions and make recommendations for future transportation improvements at Hopewell Furnace NHS.

On October 19, 2004, about 1937 central daylight time, Corporate Airlines (doingbusiness as American Connection) flight 5966, a BAE Systems BAE-J3201, N875JX, struck trees on final approach and crashed short of runway 36 at the Kirksville RegionalAirport (IRK), Kirksville, Missouri. The flight was operating under the provisions of14Code of Federal Regulations Part 121 as a scheduled passenger flight from Lambert-St.Louis International Airport, in St. Louis, Missouri, to IRK. The captain, first officer, and11 of the 13 passengers were fatally injured, and 2 passengers received serious injuries.The airplane was destroyed by impact and a postimpact fire. Night instrumentmeteorological conditions (IMC) prevailed at the time of the accident, and the flightoperated on an instrument flight rules flight plan

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), in conjunction with the Research and Special Programs Administration Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center), is conducting an analysis of off-roadway crashes in support of the Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI). The IVI accelerates the development and deployment of vehicle-based and vehicle-infrastructure cooperative crash countermeasures using intelligent technologies over seven problem areas: rear-end, off-roadway, lane change, crossing paths, driver impairment, reduced visibility, and vehicle instability crashes.

On November 12, 2001, about 0916:15 eastern standard time, American Airlinesflight 587, an Airbus Industrie A300-605R, N14053, crashed into a residential area ofBelle Harbor, New York, shortly after takeoff from John F. Kennedy International Airport, Jamaica, New York. Flight 587 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight to LasAmericas International Airport, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, with 2 flightcrewmembers, 7 flight attendants, and 251 passengers aboard the airplane

On July 13, 2003, about 1530 eastern daylight time, Air Sunshine, Inc., flight 527, a Cessna 402C, N314AB, was ditched in the Atlantic Ocean about 7.35 nautical miles west-northwest of Treasure Cay Airport, Treasure Cay, Great Abaco Island, Bahamas.

On July 26, 2002, about 0537 eastern daylight time, Federal Express flight 1478, a Bowing 727-232F, N497FE, struck trees on shot final approach and crashed short of runway 9 at the Tallahasse Regional Airport.

Transportation sources are a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions nationally and are often considered a key component of climate change migration effects.

The Northeast Florida Rural Transit Intelligent Transportation System project is a demonstration of ITS deployment in four rural Community Transportation Coordinator agencies.

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Office of Vehicle Safety Research, in conjunction with the Research and Special Programs Administration Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center), is conducting separate analyses of major vehicular crashes in support of the Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI). The IVI is focused on solving traffic safety problems through development and deployment of vehicle-based and vehicle-infrastructure cooperative countermeasure systems that address rear-end, roadway departure, lane change, crossing paths, driver impairment, reduced visibility, and vehicle instability crashes. Research in these crash problem areas is being conducted in the context of four vehicle platforms including light, commercial, transit, and specialty vehicles (e.g., emergency vehicles, snowplows, etc.).

This report is a product of the Long-Term Bridge Performance (LTBP) program. The program was authorized under the 2005 Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users to identify, collect, and analyze research-quality data that will provide a better understanding of bridge performance and lead to improvements thereof.(1) This report presents an overview of the "Federal Highway Administration Workshop to Identify Bridge Substructure Performance Issues," held in Orlando, FL, from March 4 to 6, 2010.

The Houston Smart Commuter Intelligent Transportation Systems operational test spanned almost ten years from the original feasibility study beginning in 1990 to the conclusion of the test period in 1999.