Between Brexit, efforts to 'Make America great again' and ongoing appeals for patriotic consumption to boost economies, the intersection between national identity, marketing campaigns, and consumer choices has been brought to the fore. This book maps out this terrain and provides a framework for how research on 'Made in' campaigns and programmes in individual countries can be placed into a broader historical context. The book argues that the history of 'Made in' can be used to shed light on society at large: the actors that have promoted it, the institutions that have regulated it, and the cultural environments that have attributed it meaning. At times 'Made in' has been a basic, descriptive trademark while, in other periods, it has been a key component of carefully developed commercial brands, and in yet other instances it has been used in attempts to forge and redefine national identities. The book opens with an introduction to the three key factors which have featured prominently in 'Made in' campaigns - commercial logic, national economic policy, and it's use as an instrument in political discourse - and an overview of the evolution of 'Made in' from a marketing perspective. This is followed by country-specific discussions of 'Made in' through case studies including countries in Western Europe, US, Japan and the antipodes. This book will be of significant interest to students and scholars of economic history, business history and marketing.

The author examines Brazil's emerging role as an important actor in various sectors of global governance. By exploring how Brazil's exercise of power developed over the last decade in the sectors of health, food security and bioenergy, this book sheds light on the power strategies of an emerging country from the global south.

Despite the growing importance of the Global Emerging Market (GEM) for the world's business, economies, and politics, it has received a relatively scant amount of academic attention in business and economics courses. This textbook is the first to focus on the GEM and its strategic and economic characteristics.

The Global Emerging Market: Strategic Management and Economics describes the fundamental economic base and trends of the Global Marketplace as well as business and management development for the conditions of Emerging Market countries. Focusing on the formation of a strategic mindset and the decision making process, it explains how to analyze the basic economic factors and the Global Order and classify countries related to this new market of tremendous opportunities. Furthermore, the book includes recommendations on how to develop entry strategies for the GEM, work in it and create efficient management systems.

Features include:

• Extensive tables, charts, and graphs illustrating the strategic considerations of the Global Marketplace and the GEM.
• End-of-chapter study questions
• Practical examples based on the author's involvement in the development of the GEM, from both sides of the international transactions.

This is the ideal guide for current business leaders and students on how to make strategic, symmetric, and asymmetric decisions related to the Global Emerging Market.

Dr. Vladimir Kvint is Professor of Management Systems at LaSalle University (PA) and Head of the Department of Financial Strategy of the Moscow State University's School of Economics. He also has extensive experience workingin the US, Europe and Emerging Market countries, as an executive and advisor for businesses and government leaders.

This book studies the dynamics of monetary and fiscal interactions in the Euro Area. The policy makers are the European Central Bank and national governments. The primary target of the ECB is low inflation. And the primary target of a national government is low unemployment. However, there is a short-run trade-off between low inflation and low unemployment. Here the main focus is on sequential policy decisions. Another focus is on simultaneous and independent policy decisions. And a third focus is on policy cooperation. There are demand shocks, supply shocks, and mixed shocks. There are country-specific shocks and common shocks. The key question is: Given a shock, what are the dynamic characteristics of the resulting process?

The book examines various aspects of Africa's external economy by focusing on regional monetary arrangements and how they are affected by devaluation episodes. It investigates the relationship between current account balances, trade balances and trade openness with respect to regional integration and regional growth patterns, discusses obstacles to a successful regional integration and paths to structural transformation, and studies the impact of economic partnership on inclusive development. The book addresses researchers and policymakers interested in development economies and African economic development.

Based on a timely reassessment of the classic arguments of Weber, Schumpeter, Hayek, Popper, and Parsons, this book reconceptualizes actually-existing capitalism. It proposes capitalism as an impersonal procedural solution to the problems of spontaneously coordinating public institutions that enable durable market-based wealth generation and social order. Few countries have achieved this. A novel contribution of the book is that it identifies a practical sequence of economic and institutional shortcuts to real capitalism.

The book challenges current orthodoxies about varieties of capitalism and relativist recipes for economic growth, and it criticizes culturalist and incrementalist viewpoints in institutional economics. It calls on the social sciences to help in constructing dynamic and prosperous open societies of the twenty-first century by reclaiming older ideas of ?social economics?. Better and faster solutions will emphasize crisis-induced change, rational leadership, ideological persuasion, institutional engineering, rules-based market freedom, and the universalistic formal-procedural impersonality of optimal regulatory systems.

This volume explores the measurement of economic and social progress in our societies, and proposes new frameworks to integrate economic dimensions with other aspects of human well-being. Leading economists analyse the light that the recent crisis has shed on the global economic architecture, and the policies needed to address these systemic risks.

This pioneering volume argues for the inclusion of children, and the structure known as 'childhood', as a permanent social category worthy of continued study within the discipline of international political economy (IPE). Fundamentally, and very simply, IPE is concerned with the dynamics of interaction across the economic and political domains; the relationship between the domestic and the international levels of analysis, and the role of the state. This book presents a convincing argument for the discussion of children within each of these areas. This volume: * provides the first book length examination of the child within IPE * draws on work from a variety of disciplines * brings rich analyses to debates about the role of the child in society Contributing insights that may be fundamental to the development of IPE as a discipline, The Child in International Political Economy will be vital reading to students and scholars of IPE, Childhood Studies, and International Relations.

Ivory is big business, and in some parts of Africa elephants have been hunted almost to extinction in the quest for it. The losses to African economies have been catastrophic. Now there is an international ban on the trade and conservation is. the principal goal. This should be a matter for rejoicing, but nothing is quite so simple. The authors of this book have looked at the overall statistics, including those for countries where the elephant population is stable. They have considered the multiplicity of economic and social functions fulfilled by ensuring that elephant herds survive, tourism, a variety of ecological purpose. and, finally, as a source of ivory. They show how the careful management of elephants as a resource can best serve African interests. This book is at the cutting edge of economic thinking and provides a model for the consideration of the difficult relationship between people and wildlife. Originally published in 19990

This text contains papers addressing the major problems and possible reforms in the international monetary and financial system from the perspective of developing countries. Among the issues addressed are global macroeconomic management, international liquidity, volatile private capital flows, structural adjustment, governance in the IMF and World Bank, the role of the regional development banks, and the potential for developing country co-operation.

Privatization was the fundamental pillar of transition from plan to market in former socialist countries. But little is known about the fate of companies that were privatized in large scale privatization schemes such as mass privatization or management-employee buyouts. This is the first original study aiming to fill this gap. It assesses "wholesale privatization schemes" in three leading transition countries - the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovenia - in terms of the evolving concentration of ownership and relations to firm performance.

Despite a burgeoning debate on substantive issues in IPE, little attention has been devoted to its theoretical foundations. In this important new text, Matthew Watson reviews the main current theoretical approaches to IPE and highlights the problems that arise from treating 'states' and 'markets' as separate and contesting units of analysis. He goes on to show how the more historically informed tradition of 'classical political economy' can provide a firmer basis for analysis of such key substantive issues in IPE as globalization, international trade and development.

This book is concerned with the role of financial intermediation in economic development and growth in the context of Malaysia. Using an analytical framework, the author investigates the Malaysian economy from 1960 onwards to examine how far financial development has progressed in the course of economic development, and whether it has been instrumental in promoting economic growth. A significant improvement in the Malaysian financial system, coupled with rapid economic growth and a rich history of financial sector reforms, makes Malaysia an interesting case study for this subject. The author shows that some government interventions seem to have impacted negatively on economic growth, whereas repressionist financial policies such as interest rate controls, high reserve requirements and directed credit programmes seem to have contributed positively to financial development. The analysis concludes that financial development leads to higher output growth via promoting private saving and private investment. Shedding light on the evolutionary role of financial system and the interacting mechanisms between financial development and economic growth, this book will be of interest to those interested in economic and financial development, financial liberalization, saving behaviour and investment analysis and Asian Studies.

What part does technological knowledge accumulation play in modern economic growth? This book investigates and examines the predictions of new growth theory, using OECD manufacturing data. Its empirical findings portray a novel and complex picture of the features of long-term growth, where technological knowledge production and diffusion play a central part, alongside variations in capital and employment. A parallel examination of long-run trade patterns and government policy issues completes a broader account of how knowledge-based growth in industrial output is at the heart of modern economic prosperity.

Retailing in the countries of Asia Pacific is changing dramatically. Changes which took decades, even centuries, elsewhere are happening in a few years. The growth of larger firms and the arrival of international retailers are changing the business landscape, bringing the consistent supply and presentation of wider ranges of goods to consumers, and leading to the development of new kinds of retail stores and modern shopping malls, often in new locations. All of these developments are important for economic growth and for consumers and their lifestyles, They raise questions for governments about foreign investment, about social and environmental change, and about the fate of traditional retailers. This book examines the trends, seeking to understand how far they are global and how local circumstances affect developments. International retailers have spread across the region, but not always successfully. Studies in several countries look at their processes of growth and some of the reasons for success and failure. A review of changing regulation across the region suggests regulators should be concerned to avoid the problems of overconcentration of retail power, and country studies reflect on the effects of regulation as well as cultural and other influences on change.

This book was published as a special issue of Asia Pacific Business Review.

The financial crisis of 2007-9 prompted many to ask how financial systems from America and Iceland to Russia and Hungary could have been so misgoverned that their near collapse plunged the entire world into recession. Randall Germain assess what needs to be done, and by whom, to avoid a repetition of what he calls the 'great freeze'.

Alice Landau investigates the confluence, magnitude, and dynamics of globalization and regionalization, and highlights the integrative and disintegrative effects of both processes. She digs deep in to the processes and traces the inequalities embedded in their dynamics. The analysis is complemented by a detailed empirical investigation into the geographical distribution of trade, investments, capital, and transnational corporations, which are cumulatively concentrated in a few highly developed and developing countries.

China's Global Economic Footprint is large and growing. In recent years, China has contributed a third or more to the growth of the global economy following its meteoric rise starting in the 1980s and gathering momentum in the 1990s. China has convincingly demonstrated the efficacy of investment and export-led growth as a model of development and has achieved economic stardom using a mix of industrial, trade and exchange rate policies within the framework of a gradually reforming socialist market economy. This Research Review explores China's economy and will be an invaluable resource for China watchers and researchers, students and policymakers interested in learning from East Asia's development, understanding how China transformed its economy and exploring how China might come to grips with the challenges ahead.

The flow of goods, capital technology and organizational know-how between Japan and China has increased dramatically, yet the relationship between the two countries remains far below its potential scope. The differing economic structures of the two countries, the mutual political distrust and the burden of an unsettled historical past stand in the way of a more intensive economic integration. This book combines up to date research from the German Institute for Japanese Studies (DIJ) with papers from a conference organized jointly with the Fujitsu Research Institute (FRI) and is an essential tool for academics and those doing business in East Asia.

This book offers a framework for analyzing the increased economic integration of countries which is mainly driven by multinational enterprises. They compete with other companies from different countries on many markets and through various channels. The book starts by discussing the stylized facts of the role of multinational enterprises in the globalization process in order to derive an empirical picture which is met as closely as possible by the theoretical framework. This theoretical framework which stands in the tradition of the proximity-concentration literature allows analyzing the effects of the globalization process on market structures, trade patterns, and welfare. The analysis shows that globalization induces various changes that imply much more chances than risks.

Arising as a market-induced improvement on existing governmental services and competing with the government for customers and resources, nonprofit organizations are a relatively unexplored area of public policy. This collection of essays, written by scholars from a variety of disciplines, adds new dimensions to the theory of nonprofit organizations, and describes the public policies regarding nonprofit organizations that do or should exist in both developing and developed countries. The contributors consider why governments subsidize such organizations, the problems such subsidies create, and the role played, from an international perspective, by religion and other ideological institutions in the founding and managing of nonprofit services.

Organized Business Interests in the Mercosur: Setting the Scene
Studying Organized Business Interests in the Mercosur: A Theoretical Framework for Analysis
Structures of Business Interest Articulation in the Mercosur: The National and the Regional Dimension
The Relationship between Domestic and Regional Organized Business Interests in the Mercosur: Conflict and Convergence
Two Case Studies of Interest Representation within Organized Business: The Chemical Industry in the Mercosur and the MEBF
The Regionalization of Organized Business Interests in the Mercosur: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis
Organized Business Interests in the Mercosur: Conflict, Convergence, and Influence

When and why did the United States policy of containment of Iran come about? How did it evolve? Where is it going? Much has been said about the US policy of dual containment, particularly as it pertains to Iraq. However, there has been little in-depth analysis of this policy when it comes to Iran. Sasan Fayazmanesh explores this often neglected subject by analyzing the history of this policy. The analysis includes the role that the Carter and Reagan Administrations played in the Iran-Iraq war, the numerous sanctions imposed on Iran by the Clinton Administration and the aggressive and confrontational policy toward Iran adopted by the George W. Bush Administration after the events of September 11, 2001. This topical read synthesises a range of primary sources, including firsthand reports, newspaper articles and electronic media, and presents a coherent analysis of the ebbs and flows in the US thinking on Iran and Iraq.

China's opening up has unleashed lucrative opportunities to foreign investors. However, doing business in China is far more difficult than many people have anticipated. Using a new theoretical framework and comprehensive evidence, this book systematically examines China's hard and soft investment environment for FDI. Main problems encountered by investors are also investigated. The book is an essential guide to investors in avoiding common and expensive pitfalls of doing business in China and an invaluable reference for consultants, researchers and students in understanding the Chinese market.

This book compares the different expressions of, and outcomes from, banking nationalism in two European countries to draw wider conclusions about the consequences for Banking Union in Europe and to show how national governments deal (or fail to deal) with international commitments. It reveals how and why one case - Spain - managed to tackle failing banks within EU Banking Union regulations even before they became written in EU law, while the other - Italy - had more persistent problems. The book argues that Spain demonstrates a successful case of liberal economic nationalism, typified by aggressive, early state intervention to restructure Spanish banks, and help from the European Stability Mechanism even in the face of local political opposition. Italy, meanwhile, suffered from the weaker, delayed intervention which forced it to confront European institutions with demands for special treatment as a means of externalizing its own internal weakness. This book will be of key interest to scholars, students and professionals in economic policy, Economic and Monetary Union and Banking Union in Europe, European and global governance, European/EU studies, European public policy, European public administration and EU law, as well as professionals working in the banking sector.