Autism is now considered to be one of the most common developmental disorders, yet 100 years ago it did not exist. What historical and social events enabled autism to be identified as a distinct disorder in the early twentieth century? How have changing paradigms of understanding shaped expert knowledge about autism?
The dramatic increase in diagnoses of autism has paralleled a huge increase in scientific research. At the same time a wide range of information about autism, directed towards popular audiences, is disseminated by the media. Underlying both scientific and popular representations is a premise that autism is a disorder for which we will ultimately find a cure through the ceaseless efforts of scientific enquiry. This quest has inevitably entailed a reductionist search for the origins of the disorder.
In"" "Constructing Autism," Majia Holmer Nadesan, herself the mother of an autistic child, argues that although there is without doubt a biogenetic component to the condition we call autism, it is the social factors involved in its identification, interpretation and remediation that determine what it means to be autistic. This book explores the social practices and institutions that reflect and shape the way we think about autism and what effects this has on autistic people and their families. She unravels what appears to be the 'truth' about autism, stepping behind the history of its emergence as a modern disorder to see how it has become a crisis of twenty first century child development.
This innovative text provides a welcome counter-balance to the predominantly medical and scientific literature on autism, and will be invaluable for anyone studying autisticdisorders, child development and child health, modern public health issues and other areas of medical sociology, psychology and health studies.

"Cultural Diversity" studies the relationship between culture and neuropsychology. Its goal is to examine salient aspects of this relationship and assist in bringing the issue of culture and cultural diversity to the forefront of neuropsychological discussions. The articles help further the understanding that ethnic and cultural variables are important not only in research design but also in clinical practice. In addition they urge clinicians to make cultural variables an integral component of any neuropsychological assessment and examine clinical data in the context of the patient's ethnic and cultural backround.

Imagine if whole communities - not simply a community's direct health services - really cared about its member's health and social well-being. Imagine if that care extended to the dying, death and losses experienced by everyone in that community. Imagine if "death" was an idea that went beyond the "death of the body" and came to include the deaths of identity and belonging as these endings apply to people living with dementia or the aftermath of sexual abuse, dispossession of indigenous or refugee peoples. Such community and policy frameworks partly do exist in the World Health Organization's "Healthy Cities" international programs, but they often do not include end-of-life care issues such as death, dying and loss. This book takes the idea of the Healthy City and extends these policy and practice ideas to include frequently overlooked end-of-life care experiences and concerns. Compassion is an idea that goes beyond "health" and "welfare" and embraces and promotes empathy and support as new forms of "health promotion."
Beginning with an examination of the parallel histories of public health and end-of-life care the book moves to a critique of the current limits of both for human experiences of death, dying and loss. The theory and policy ideas of Healthy Cities are introduced and a comparison with Compassionate Cities policies made. Policies of Compassionate Cities are discussed alongside their sociological basis. The strengths and weaknesses of such large-scale programs are examined. The final sections of the book outline and summarize basic models of community development and action strategies for implementing a "Compassionate Cities" program.
This is a book for practitionerswho want to include end-of-life care issues into their health promotion and community development practices. It is also a book for end-of-life care practitioners who want to include community development and health promotion ideas into their practice. For social sciences, public health and end-of-life care academics this book argues that the integration of death, loss and compassion into contemporary public health ideas may address important long-standing limits and criticism of public health. "Compassion" may go beyond "infection control" and "health promotion" and invite us to think of a "third wave" movement of public health that joins empathy, equality and action together as practical policies for future domestic and international well-being.

The plethora of inquiry reports published in the fields of health and welfare in the 1990s covered the full range of user groups, individuals and institutions. What similarities or differences were there between these inquiries? How effective were they in bringing about change? Whose interest did they best serve? These are some of the questions The Age of the Inquiry explores in detail, bringing together distinguished contributors with personal experience of chairing or providing evidence to inquiries to consider: the participant's view of inquiries the purpose of inquiries; the impact of inquiries on health and social policy; inquiries into: child abuse and death; homicides by mental health service users; the abuse of adults with; learning disabilities; the abuse of older people. Wide-ranging in scope, The Age of the Inquiry focuses on service and policy development. It provides an invaluable text for students, teachers and professionals from a wide range of disciplines and professional groups.

First published in 1983. Beginning with the period of the early expansion of Western missionary medicine, this account covers the chaotic years of Nationalist rule to the foundations of the People's Republic in 1949. It trances the major influences on health care since then and describes the conflicts of State bureaucracy, Party and medical profession in their attempts to match political objectives in health care to resources available. An outline of the theory of Chinese traditional medicine, together with detailed accounts of acupuncture and plant drugs are also discussed, as are specific features of the health care system, such as population control, medical education, nutrition and psychiatry.

This Handbook provides a clear introduction to the theoretical debates surrounding the topic of domestic violence, and also offers practical advice on possible interventions. Focusing on improving the care of clients it covers: the causes and consequences of domestic violence personal and professional issues for the practitioner domestic violence and the law the process of effective intervention interventions in specific health care settings interventions where children are involved multi-agency approaches education and training. Taking an evidence-based approach to practical problems, Domestic Violence is an invaluable resource for nurses, doctors and other health practitioners who deal with the consequences of domestic violence in their daily work.

'Original and thought provoking' Gordon Brown 'Challenging and hopeful: a groundbreaking guide to the future' Valerie Amos To thrive in the twenty-first century, we all need to understand the challenges coming our way. And start adapting, now. We all know there are major, overlapping, global crises ahead of humanity: climate change, mass migration, new warfare, big tech, further pandemics, authoritarian capitalism. Rather than be daunted, this book charts a way that we can respond. With expertise from his work at the highest levels of international politics, education, activism and business, Tom Fletcher offers a practical manifesto that can help us transform the way we learn, live, and work together. Amongst its key survival skills, this book offers ideas on how we renew education, restore society and reimagine the future. It helps us chart a course to take back control, to find purpose, and to become better ancestors. It helps us to learn the language of technology - without thinking like computers. It offers 39 steps that each of us can start to take today to boost our survivability. Vital, practical and accessible, this is a book about how we can anticipate the threats and opportunities of tomorrow and be ready for them - individually and collectively.

Healthcare is on a critical path, evolving with the introduction of Obama Care and now COVID-19. How will healthcare and specifically healthcare security adapt over the next few years? What tools will be necessary for healthcare security professionals and all security professionals to meet the demands of the transforming security environment? Security professionals need new tools and programs to adapt security services to the "New Normal." As healthcare emerges from pandemic threats, active shooter and workplace violence will re-emerge and new threats related to civil unrest, fraud, mergers, and further financial struggles will change how healthcare security will function. Healthcare Security: Solutions for Management, Operations, and Administration provides a series of articles related to the management and operations of healthcare security which will assist healthcare security professionals in managing the "New Normal" now and into the future. It is a collection of previously published articles on healthcare security and general security covering various topics related to the management of healthcare security and provides information on general security operations. It also includes unconventional topics that are necessary in the administration of healthcare security such as auditing principles, fraud prevention, investigations, interview and interrogation techniques, and forensics.

Change in the culture of long-term care and the care of our elders is urgently needed! This insightful book lights the way. This book will inform you about the theoretical and practical applications of culture change within the institutional long-term care setting. It examines existing models of positive cultures, emphasizing philosophy, underpinning, and implementation. You'll gain a greater understanding of theoretical frameworks for organizational change, of the changes that can occur in all members of the long-term care community, and of culture change in the context of broad organizational experience and cultural competence. From the editors: This text provides a timely and comprehensive approach to understanding culture change from the perspective of management and business as well as policy and regulatory guidelines and the framework for aging services. It will provide the reader with an understanding of the current state of the art in conceptualizing long-term care environments that are resident-centered and resident-directed, that respect the individuality of the staff, and that are high-performance entities. The theory and practice of culture change are presented with an eye toward a future where aging people and their families will be both consumers and providers of long-term care. The first section of Culture Change in Long-Term Care explores the cultural values existing in today's long-term care environment that make us desirous of culture change. The second section examines existing models and networks of culture change in long-term care, including the Eden Alternative, Wellspring, and Pioneer Network Section three brings you to the frontline with case studies from urban, suburban, and rural facilities, facilities with and without unionized staff, facilities from various geographic regions of the United States, and facilities whose experience ranges from years to a decade. Processes, challenges, and qualitative/quantitative findings are included. Section four provides international perspectives, with practical advice from Australia, Sweden, and British Columbia. The final section of Culture Change in Long-Term Care explores the underlying question: Is change realistic? This section explores the role of state government, public policy, and the regulatory environment in accomplishing culture change. With Culture Change in Long-Term Care you'll get a theoretical perspective on culture and culture change, as well as quality-of-life models and case studies that will help you learn ifand howsuch a process is achievable in your institution. Make it a part of your professional collection today!

This book offers a practical approach to guide nurses in the art and science of renal care. It is holistic as well as technical therapeutic and compassionate in its approach. Acute and chronic renal failure renal osteodystrophy and other selected diseases are comprehensively discussed. The nurse's role with regard to specific treatments such as peritoneal dialysis haemodialysis plasma exchange and haemoperfusion as well as organ transplantation procedures are discussed in detail and a section relating specifically to paediatric care is included. The final section of the book is devoted to the use of complementary therapies and alternative medicine in renal disease. 'The book lays the foundation on which nurses can build their evidence-based practice and knowledge skills and enhance patient care. The aim of this book is to provide a practical holistic guide for nurses to the skills and knowledge required by them to care for their patients. It covers the renal patients experiences both physically and psychologically incorporating the dialysis therapies of acute and chronic failure on to renal transplantation. Nursing renal patients within an acute hospital setting a chronic dialysis unit or a satellite unit places many challenges on the nurse caring for them today. I therefore hope that this book will provide the knowledge needed by those working in the field of renal nursing and that it will be used as a resource in renal units throughout the UK' Avril Redmond Chair of RCN Nephrology Nurses Forum in the Foreword

Learning is at the heart of change. This book breaks new ground in exploring the need for individuals to engage in personal change, through learning, as an essential part of achieving significant change in organisations. It explains how to engage with people's energy, enthusiasm and abilities to enable them to think and do things differently.

Providing an overview of leadership theories and a practical guide to management tools and techniques, Leading Change in Health and Social Care is illustrated throughout with examples drawn from health and social care settings. Key topics covered include:
* contemporary models of transformational leadership
* learning as the foundation of personal and organisational change
* systems thinking as a way of understanding change in complex services
* visions of a better future and how to develop them
* values and how they influence our choice of direction
* inspiring ourselves and others to take action.

This is a book for everyone who wants to improve health and social care services and enhance the experience of patients and service users. It assumes no previous knowledge of change management and is appropriate for students, teachers, trainers and professionals.

Health care is increasingly under pressure. Budget crises are making collaboration and smart thinking essential, while increasing numbers of people with multiple long-term conditions make specialist models of health care increasingly inefficient - patients too often go from one specialist to another, duplicating effort and paying too little attention to the bigger picture of their health. Collaborating for Health outlines a solution: community-oriented integrated care and health promotion. Designed to prevent the problems of fragmented care, this approach focuses on building teams, networks and communities for health and care at local level, where it is easier to see the range of factors that affect people's health. With the emphasis on partnership-working between primary care, public health and others, it allows clusters of general practices to share the work of integrating efforts for care and health improvement, and for non-medical organisations to lead parallel initiatives for health and care. Introducing both horizontal and vertical integration, Thomas presents ways to develop community-oriented integrated care in a sustainable way, and how to practise the skills in small ways before you have to perform on a big stage. This guide is for anyone interested in how multidisciplinary primary care teams can orchestrate most aspects of health and care at local level, with timely specialist input.

The provision of suitable mental health care is one of the major tasks facing general practitioners and their teams. Family-oriented primary care has moved from doctor-controlled to patient-centred consultations, with a greater emphasis on collaboration. The systemic framework uniquely lends itself to this shift in emphasis, as it views the delivery of care in social rather than merely medical terms. There is now a strong evidence base for the efficacy of systemic approaches in managing many different types of mental health and relationship issues.

Family Work in Primary Care: A Systemic Approach is a practical guide for health professionals working in primary care who wish to improve their management of problem patients, problem families and problem situations. Step-by-step it introduces both the theory and the practice of the family approach

[Family Work in Family Care is based on 'Family Solutions in Family Practice' by Eia Asen and Peter Tomson published in 1992}.

Understand the roles of these three unique professions and how collaboration can make each more effective This is the first book to clarify the roles and interprofessional dynamics of these three professions and describe how they can best work together. Here you'll find theological perspectives on each profession, practice models of collaborative programs, and new resources to aid your professional growth. In addition, this book gives you a thorough historical overview of parish nursing and an introduction to health care chaplaincy as well as insightful analyses of the relationships of clergy and congregation to health care institutions. Parish Nurses, Health Care Chaplains, and Community Clergy: Navigating the Maze of Professional Relationships is a vital addition to your reference shelf. This unique book, written by experts in all three fields, provides: the necessary background to be an effective parish nurse, including information on spiritual formation, clinical pastoral education, and more instruction on starting a parish health ministry effective ways that the disciplines can work together in congregational health ministries to provide the best possible spiritual care successful practice models that your ministry can emulate an examination of the health care institution's role in forming the spiritual care team resources to use to increase your ministry's effectiveness Parish Nurses, Health Care Chaplains, and Community Clergy is a must for practitioners, educators, and students who will be entering these vital professions

Who pays for long-term care? Discover the unique approaches of seven countries around the Pacific Rim!Long-Term Care in the Twenty-First Century discusses policies and programs for long-term care in seven countries around the Asia-Pacific Rim: the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Each country is covered in two chapters, one to examine the philosophy and values that underlie its approaches to long-term care, the second to discuss its systems of service delivery. These thoughtful analyses, backed up with facts and figures, explain program successes and failures in the context of demographic and social trends and with reference to the differing political systems across the region. Its breadth of perspective and insightful examination of cultural differences make Long-Term Care in the Twenty-First Century an important contribution to the international comparative study of aging. The programs in the United States, Australia, and Canada offer a fascinating contrast with the longer-established and very different programs in the Asian countries, including Japan, the world's oldest country.Long-Term Care in the Twenty-First Century provides practical information on essential gerontological issues for each country, including: financing arrangements development of client classification systems case management in both residential and community-based systems key source documents, references, and Web sites political and cultural influences home-based and family caregivingThis valuable book provides a critical record of developments in the current transition period. This multicultural perspective contributes a chance for all countries to learn from the experience of others in dealing with a problem that is increasingly important as the world population ages. Long-Term Care in the Twenty-First Century is an essential resource for scholars, service providers, policymakers, and anyone concerned with care of the aged, not only in Pacific Rim countries but around the world.

Welfare States and Public Opinion comprises an informed inquiry into three fields of social policy health policy, family policy, and unemployment benefits and social assistance. Though the analyses stem from research spanning fifteen countries across Europe, the conclusions can be applied to social policy problems in nations worldwide. Combining a detailed analysis of the institutional structure of social policy with the study of public attitudes toward healthcare, family policy, and benefits for the unemployed and poor, this book represents a new stream in public opinion research. The authors demonstrate that the institutional designs of social policies have a great impact on inequalities among social groups, and provide best practices for gaining public support for social policy reform. The wealth of information found in this comprehensive study will be of interest not only to scholars and students of sociology, political science, social policy, public policy and law, but to health and social policymakers the world over. Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Perceptions of Welfare State Institutions: Theories and Concepts 3. Healthcare Our Greatest Good? 4. Family Policy One for All? 5. Public Support for Unemployment Benefits and Social Assistance Schemes Money for Nothing or Help in Dire Straits? 6. Conclusion: Comparing Public Attitudes in Three Fields of Social Policy Bibliography Index

Pharmaceutical Economics begins with an investigation of the structure of the industry and its three main components: the research firms which produce innovative products; the generic drug industry and its expanding role; and the biotech industry, which is regarded as the future for pharmaceuticals. Further sections discuss topics including demand and incentives, pricing and regulation. Professor Comanor and Professor Schweitzer have selected the most significant articles by leading academics, in order to offer a blend of standard economic interpretations of pharmaceutical policy and important new topics including biosimilars, insurance coverage for pharmaceuticals, price-fixing and direct-to-consumer advertising. An authoritative new introduction by the editors provides an insightful guide to these important topics.

Utilizing extensive research in economics, psychology, political science, neuroscience and evolutionary theory, Ananish Chaudhuri provides a critical perspective on the role of cognitive biases in decision-making during the Covid-19 pandemic. The extensive use of, and support for, stringent social distancing measures in particular is explored in depth. Nudged into Lockdown? provides clear explanations of complex scientific information regarding Covid-19, vaccines, and policy responses, to highlight issues at the center of policy-making during the pandemic. With a comprehensive overview of the policy debates around Covid-19, the book offers an alternative thought-provoking perspective on the topic, as well as suggestions for policy-making during future pandemics and other crises. It further highlights applications of a range of concepts from heuristics and biases literature, including priming, framing, anchoring, Prospect Theory, and loss aversion. Providing directions for future research in the area, this book will be an invigorating read for established academics, as well as postgraduate students looking to undertake research in Covid-19 related decision-making. It will also be a critical read for economics, political science, and public policy scholars seeking a deeper understanding of the topic.

The changes that are happening within midwifery are of concern to those within the health care system, the academic world and those whose lives are touched by midwifery care. Failure to Progress reflects on the current situation and questions whether it is the most appropriate way of providing care for the childbearing woman. The book discusses what is happening both within midwifery as well as to midwifery as a profession in the context of social change. Topics covered include:
* the evolution of the midwifes role
* women's issues
* the functioning of the midwife within the health care system
* the effects of organisational change
* the relationships of the midwife with the woman she cares for and with medical practitioners.

All of the contributors to Failure to Progress are actively involved with the provision of care to the childbearing woman, and most are practising midwives. Together they build up a comprehensive picture of midwifery today which will be relevant to all midwifery students, practitioners and policy makers and not least to the consumers of midwifery care.

The 1980 Black Report by Sir Douglas Black has kept health inequalities at the forefront of the public health agenda. This volume explores the history and development of studies and concern over health inequalities especially in relation to the 1980 report.

How do the arts inform and cultivate our service to God? In this addition to an award-winning series, distinguished philosopher Bruce Ellis Benson rethinks what it means to be artistic. Rather than viewing art as practiced by the few, he recovers the ancient Christian idea of presenting ourselves to God as works of art, reenvisioning art as the very core of our being: God calls us to improvise as living works of art. Benson also examines the nature of liturgy and connects art and liturgy in a new way. This book will appeal to philosophy, worship/liturgy, art, music, and theology students as well as readers interested in engaging issues of worship and aesthetics in a postmodern context, including Christian artists and worship leaders.

Tavistock Press was established as a co-operative venture between the Tavistock Institute and Routledge & Kegan Paul (RKP) in the 1950s to produce a series of major contributions across the social sciences. This volume is part of a 2001 reissue of a selection of those important works which have since gone out of print, or are difficult to locate. Published by Routledge, 112 volumes in total are being brought together under the name The International Behavioural and Social Sciences Library: Classics from the Tavistock Press. Reproduced here in facsimile, this volume was originally published in 1980 and is available individually. The collection is also available in a number of themed mini-sets of between 5 and 13 volumes, or as a complete collection.

Tavistock Press was established as a co-operative venture between the Tavistock Institute and Routledge & Kegan Paul (RKP) in the 1950s to produce a series of major contributions across the social sciences. This volume is part of a 2001 reissue of a selection of those important works which have since gone out of print, or are difficult to locate. Published by Routledge, 112 volumes in total are being brought together under the name The International Behavioural and Social Sciences Library: Classics from the Tavistock Press. Reproduced here in facsimile, this volume was originally published in 1966 and is available individually. The collection is also available in a number of themed mini-sets of between 5 and 13 volumes, or as a complete collection.

Tavistock Press was established as a co-operative venture between the Tavistock Institute and Routledge & Kegan Paul (RKP) in the 1950s to produce a series of major contributions across the social sciences. This volume is part of a 2001 reissue of a selection of those important works which have since gone out of print, or are difficult to locate. Published by Routledge, 112 volumes in total are being brought together under the name The International Behavioural and Social Sciences Library: Classics from the Tavistock Press. Reproduced here in facsimile, this volume was originally published in 1964 and is available individually. The collection is also available in a number of themed mini-sets of between 5 and 13 volumes, or as a complete collection.

Good leadership and governance at all levels of the healthcare system is necessary for better performance of the system and health outcomes. Lack of good leadership and governance practices can lead to misuse of health system inputs such as human resources, health commodities and financial resources hence lowering the quality of services delivered. Thus, this guide was developed through collaborative efforts envisioned to respond to the needs of improving good governance practices at the primary healthcare level in resource-limited healthcare systems. Key Features: * Improves the management of primary health facilities. * Helps the health facility managers and teams at primary healthcare level to effectively and efficiently lead and manage the facilities. * Enumerates practical scenarios on health issues that commonly occur in health facilities and provides alternative ways of addressing the issues raised in the scenarios.