For courses in Earth Systems Science offered in departments of Geology, Earth Science, Geography and Environmental Science. The first textbook of its kind that addresses the issues of global change from a true Earth systems perspective, The Earth System offers a solid emphasis on lessons from Earth's history that may guide decision-making in the future. It is more rigorous and quantitative than traditional Earth science books, while remaining appropriate for non-science majors.

Ride along with geologists Pamela Gore and Bill Witherspoon

on this extraordinary tour of the Peach State's varied

terrain. In 35 detailed and densely illustrated road guides,

the authors examine Georgia's fascinating geology and

reveal the stories that lie beneath the surface.

You'll be amazed at Georgia's geological diversity, from

its shifting barrier islands along the coast to the sandstone

ridges in its northwest corner. At the Cumberland Island

National Seashore you'll find the ruins of Dungeness, the

once-magnificent Carnegie estate built of local mineral

resources, and encounter wild horses grazing among

windswept dunes. In Atlanta, the white whaleback of granite

called Stone Mountain will impress you with its protruding

cat's eye minerals and stony layers that are sloughing off like

the layers of an onion. In the Blue Ridge Mountains you

can witness Amicalola Falls, one of the highest cascading

waterfalls east of the Mississippi River, and Tallulah Gorge,

one the deepest gorges in the eastern United States. And

in the iconic Okefenokee Swamp of south Georgia, you'll

wade through the gator-filled blackwater of one of the

largest wetlands in North America.

With its engaging prose and 250-plus color photos,

maps, and figures, Roadside Geology of Georgia takes you

beyond the rocks to unearth the billion-year history of the

Empire State of the South.

This book originated from a proposal by one author (J. R. H.) who was subsequently joined by a second (E. D.) and then by a third (K. J. G.). It has taken longer to produce than we expected because of the complications imposed by the distances which the authors have succeeded in putting between themselves during the past three years. The basic objective was to produce a short book which would introduce geomorphological processes to students in the first or second year of their higher education courses. We believed that there was a need for such a book reviewing a range of geomorphological processes which would offer a prelude to the symphonies which are available in books devoted to specific processes and their effects, many of which are sign posted in the lists of further reading at the end of each chapter. We are aware that the range of suitable preludes is wide, but we have endeavoured to compose one which expresses at least some of the recent achieve-ments in the study of geomorphological processes. Emphasis is placed on the nature of processes and upon their controls but the effects of processes in creating landforms are not reviewed in any detail. In addition to the selected references at the end of each chapter, we have collected a bibliography of works cited at the end of the book but this is not intended to be as exhaustive as the references collated in more advanced works.

When dealing with rock in civil engineering, mining engineering and other engineering, the process by which the rock fails under load should be understood, so that safe structures can be built on and in the rock. However, there are many ways for loading rock and rock can have a variety of idiosyncracies. This reference book provides engineers and researchers with the essential knowledge for a clear understanding of the process of rock failure under different conditions. It contains an introductory chapter explaining the role of rock failure in engineering projects plus a summary of the theories governing rock failure and an explanation of the computer simulation method. It subsquently deals in detail with explaining, simulating and illustrating rock failure in laboratory and field. The concluding chapter discusses coupled modelling and the anticipated future directions for this type of computer simulation. An appendix describing the RFPA numerical model (Rock Failure Process Analysis program) is also included.

About the Authors
Chun'an Tang has a PhD in Mining Engineering and is a Professor at the School of Civil & Hydraulic Engineering at Dalian University of Technology in China. He is an advisor for design and stablity problem modelling in mining and civil rock engineeringand and Chairman of the China National Group of the International Society for Rock Mechanics.

John Hudson is emeritus professor at Imperial College, London and is active as an independant consultant for Rock Engineering Consultants. He has a PhD in Rock Mechanics and completed over a 130 rock engineering consulting assignments in mining and civil engineering. He is a fellow at the Royal Academy of Engineering in the UK and President of the International Society for Rock Mechanics.

This book is a collection of papers presented in the 30th International Geological Congress, held in Beijing, on mineralogy. The papers deal with topics on fine structures and crystallographic orientations in biogenic magnetite and thermodynamic properties of minerals.

This volume, based on Symposium on Igneous Petrology held during the 30th International Geological Congress, focuses on intraplate magmatism and diversity and complexity of mechanisms of magma formation.

This book aims to map the Precambrian basement, to recognize the paleo-suture zones, and to determine the nature of ancient tectonic regime. It proposes the new concepts of the basement tectonic framework and major tectonic features.

Providing an introduction to the crucially important topic of groundwater, this text covers all major fields of hydrogeology and includes outlines of the occurrence of groundwater in various rock types, the movement and storage of groundwater, the formulation of groundwater balances, the development of groundwater chemistry, as well as the practical application of hydrogeology for groundwater development. Following a unique systems approach to describe and connect its various elements, the text also explores a large selection of examples of groundwater cases from various parts of the world. In addition, theoretical sections and examples are illustrated with a number of drawings, photos and computer printouts. Suitable for education in hydrogeology at postgraduate and graduate level, the text is also a useful reference tool for professionals and decision-makers involved in water or water-related activities. In the revised paperback edition of Introduction to Hydrogeology (February 2006), suggestions of reviewers, students and colleagues have been taken into account. This means that more attention is paid to the processes in the unsaturated zone, especially those relating to groundwater recharge. Also, in the revised edition, the investigation methods are highlighted in the sections where the related theory is dealt with, and they are not presented in the last chapter on groundwater management. Chapter titles are re-named and some definitions are adjusted. The References and Bibliography section is also extended, some figures are improved, and the inevitable 'typing errors' are corrected as well. (c) 2009, Second edition, with revisions 2012.

"Covers the chemistry, process chemistry, technology, engineering, and economics of methane conversion, including its environmental impact and commercial exploitation. Begins with methane's availability and increasing importance as an environmentally acceptable natural resource alternative and feedstock."

A comprehensive overview of Saudi Arabia's environment, this volume is a unique and authoritative text on the geological and environmental aspects of Saudi Arabia, a country about which little is known by the outside world. Saudi Arabia is a fascinating country with a long tradition of environmental awareness and sensitivity, pitted against some of the harshest environments on earth. The book brings together a wide range of published and unpublished material which will be of interest to environmental scientists, geologists, geographers and biologists. A comprehensive bibliography is included. This book will be indispensable for university courses dealing with the Middle East and arid zone environments as well as various regional/environmental courses.

This is the first book to appear which correlates within a single volume the relevant data for both archeological and geological dating of human fossil remains. The author was trained both as a geologist and as a prehistorian, and has written this book first to meet the needs of archeologists wishing to learn the stratigraphical frameworks now applied to Quaternary deposits, and second to meet the needs of geologists requiring to know the terminology of Paleolithic and Mesolithic cultures.

In this book the author makes use of the results obtained from the latest dating techniques, both relative and absolute. Charts give the latest radiocarbon datings of Middle and Upper Paleolithic sites and cultures in Europe, the Near East and Africa. In an appendix all the most important human fossil remains are listed by name, with dates of discovery, stratigraphical and cultural datings, and absolute ages where known.

When this book was first released "Science" magazine called it "A most significant milestone for the study of early man . . . brings together for the first time the results obtained from the relative and absolute dating techniques in use today . . . The book presents this evidence with a clarity that makes it indispensable to all concerned with the research and teaching of paleoanthropology." While the "American Anthropologist" commented "Kenneth Oakley's book is a splendid and unique contribution to the temporal aspect of paleoanthropological studies."

"Kenneth Oakley" (1911-1981) was best known for his work in relative dating with fossils. He graduated from University College in Geology and Anthropology, and worked for the British Museum. He had an international reputation in his field and was particularly well known for his part in exposing the Piltdown fraud. His publications include "Man the Tool-Maker," and over 100 papers, many of them on analytical methods of dating bones, particularly the fluorine-dating method.

AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK FOR STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY A modern and practice-oriented approach to structural geology An Integrated Framework for Structural Geology: Kinematics, Dynamics, and Rheology of Deformed Rocks builds a framework for structural geology from geometrical description, kinematic analysis, dynamic evolution, and rheological investigation of deformed rocks. The unique approach taken by the book is to integrate these principles of continuum mechanics with the description of rock microstructures and inferences about deformation mechanisms. Field, theoretical and laboratory approaches to structural geology are all considered, including the application of rock mechanics experiments to nature. Readers will also find: Three case studies that illustrate how the framework can be applied to deformation at different levels in the crust and in an applied structural geology context Hundreds of detailed, two-color illustrations of exceptional clarity, as well as many microstructural and field photographs The quantitative basis of structural geology delivered through clear mathematics Written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in geology, An Integrated Framework for Structural Geology will also earn a place in the libraries of practicing geologists with an interest in a one-stop resource on structural geology.

Properly understanding and characterizing geologic materials and formations is vital for making critical engineering decisions. Identifying and classifying rock masses and soil formations allows reasonable estimation of their characteristic properties. Comprising chapters from the second edition of the revered Geotechnical Engineering Investigation Handbook, Characteristics of Geologic Materials and Formations provides a basis for recognizing, identifying, and classifying the various rock and soil types. With clear, concise, and hands-on guidance, this book describes these rock and soil types in terms of their origin, mode of occurrence, and structural features in situ and presents the typical characteristics that are of engineering significance. It also explains the elements that affect surface and subsurface water engineering in terms of controlling floods, erosion, subsurface flow, and seepage, as well as for water conservation. Supplying important correlations used to estimate engineering and geologic properties, the book presents correlations for intact rock, rock masses, and soil formations throughout the chapters and condenses this information into a convenient summary table in an appendix. Eliminate the need to search through narrow volumes or large handbooks with Characteristics of Geologic Materials and Formations: A Field Guide for Geotechnical Engineers, a convenient and complete guide to the techniques you need.

A journey of geological discovery through the diverse landforms of the north and west Highlands of Scotland which offers the answers to many questions of interest to visitors and local residents alike. The author is an expert on this region. He has spent many years teaching the subject at university and has written a whole series of scientific papers on it.

This book serves as an introduction to the Cretaceous geology and palaeontology of south-central Africa, covering the whole of Southern and Eastern Africa and Angola. Fifty two plates illustrate almost 1000 species and provide a field guide to the macrofossils of the subcontinent. The book will be of value to field geologists, students and non-specialists with an interest in the natural world. A bibliography of the Cretaceous palaeontology and stratigraphy of the subcontinent is provided. Features: Provides a concise account of the Cretaceous geology for 13 African regions Includes beautiful illustrations and a comprehensive bibliography Fossils are presented in stratigraphical order, allowing easy determination of the age deposits.

Learn to Quickly and Easily Navigate the Google Earth Interface Students can transform their view of the Earth using the 3-D Google Earth interface to view features on the Earth's surface from any height or perspective. Explore Stunning Geologic Sites Instructors and students can visit Geotour locations all over the globe to study plate tectonics, volcanoes, earthquakes, faults, folds, environmental issues and more. Students learn to see, interpret and analyse these sites as a geologist would by answering worksheet questions arranged by topic. Users can also browse the library of over 450 Geotour virtual field trips for a self-guided exploration of outstanding examples of geology around the world. Create Your Own Media-Rich Content for Google Earth The Geotours Workbook shows instructors and students how to easily create their own Google Earth placemarks (with formatted text, images or animated gifs, movies and hyperlinks), interactive flyover tours over the landscape, draped geo-referenced maps and diagrams over the terrain, zoomable photos and more. This easy-to-use workbook is a great value. Geotours Workbook can be packaged for free with Stephen Marshak's Earth: A Portrait of a Planet and Essentials of Geology textbooks. It can serve as a supplement in any course where students need hands-on experience with Google Earth, or it can be used standalone.

Mathematical Morphology in Geomorphology and GISci presents a multitude of mathematical morphological approaches for processing and analyzing digital images in quantitative geomorphology and geographic information science (GISci). Covering many interdisciplinary applications, the book explains how to use mathematical morphology not only to perform quantitative morphologic and scaling analyses of terrestrial phenomena and processes, but also to deal with challenges encountered in quantitative spatial reasoning studies. For understanding the spatiotemporal characteristics of terrestrial phenomena and processes, the author provides morphological approaches and algorithms to: Retrieve unique geomorphologic networks and certain terrestrial features Analyze various geomorphological phenomena and processes via a host of scaling laws and the scale-invariant but shape-dependent indices Simulate the fractal-skeletal-based channel network model and the behavioral phases of geomorphologic systems based on the interplay between numeric and graphic analyses Detect strategically significant sets and directional relationships via quantitative spatial reasoning Visualize spatiotemporal behavior and generate contiguous maps via spatial interpolation Incorporating peer-reviewed content, this book offers simple explanations that enable readers-even those with no background in mathematical morphology-to understand the material. It also includes easy-to-follow equations and many helpful illustrations that encourage readers to implement the ideas.

'Coal' and 'China' to some extent have become synonymous. China is by far the largest user of coal in the world. In 2016, coal production in China amounted to 3.21 billion tons, about half of the total global coal production. Coal consumption accounts for more than 65% of primary energy consumption in China. The Chinese coal industry greatly contributes to the economic development in China, the second largest economy in the world. However, periodically, ubiquitous images of smog blanketing major Chinese cities are viewed all over the world. Coal combustion is one of the important contributors to smog, which is considered to be a major environmental and human health problem for China and other countries. News stories also highlight the periodic coal mine disasters that kill hundreds of Chinese coal miners annually. The need to address these and other human health, environmental, and mine safety issues and to maximize resource recovery and use justifies a vigorous coal research effort. This book brings together experts on almost every aspect of coal geology, coal production, composition and use of the coal and its by-products, and coal's environmental and human health impacts. The chapters in this book were originally published in a special issue of the International Geology Review.

This book focuses on issues related to a suite of technologies known as "Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)," which can be used to capture and store underground large amounts of industrial CO2 emissions. It addresses how CCS should work, as well as where, why, and how these technologies should be deployed, emphasizing the gaps to be filled in terms of research and development, technology, regulations, economics, and public acceptance. The book is divided into three parts. The first part helps clarify the global context in which greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be analyzed, highlights the importance of fossil-fuel producing and consuming nations in positively driving clean fossil-fuel usage, and discusses the applicability of this technology on a global and regional level in a timely yet responsible manner. The second part provides a comprehensive overview of present and future technologies for the three elements of the CCS chain: CO2 capture, transport, and geological storage. The third part addresses the key drivers for CCS deployment worldwide. It provides analysis and assessment of the economic, regulatory, social, and environmental aspects associated with CCS development and deployment on a global scale. It offers a somewhat different perspective on CCS deployment by highlighting the environmental and socio-economic costs and benefits of CCS solutions compared to alternatives. The book concludes with potential options and guidelines for sustainable and responsible CCS scale-up as a way to address prevailing global energy, environment, and climate concerns.

This symposium, held in Argentina in March 2003, commemorates Otto Nordenskjoeld's 1901 expedition, and pays tribute to the Swedish and Argentinian explorers who took on the challenge of early fieldwork in Patagonia and Antarctica. This theme is extended to include recent fieldwork in the natural sciences in the Archipelago of Tierra del Fuego, the Antarctic Peninsula and the sub-Antarctic seas, and celebrates the fruitfulness of continuing Swedish-Argentinian scientific cooperation. The symposium and associated activities took place in the cities of Buenos Aires, La Plata and Ushuaia (Tierra del Fuego), and this book includes a selection of the most significant contributions presented at the meeting.

This work explores coastal zones in the vicinity of tidal inlets, which are commonly utilized for navigation, sand mining, waterfront developments and fishing and recreation, are under particularly high population pressure and will only be exacerbated by foreshadowed climate change (CC). Although few recent studies have investigated CC impacts on very large tidal inlet systems, the nature and magnitude of CC impacts on the more commonly found small tidal inlets (STIs) remains practically un-investigated to date. The combination of pre-dominant occurrence in developing countries, socio-economic relevance and low community resilience, general lack of data, and high sensitivity to seasonal forcing makes STIs potentially very vulnerable to CC impacts. This study was undertaken to develop methods and tools that can provide insights on potential CC impacts on STIs, and to demonstrate their application to assess these CC impacts. Two process based snap-shot modeling approaches for data poor and data rich environments are used to assess CC impacts and an innovative reduced complexity model is developed to obtain rapid predictions of CC impacts on the STI's stability. Results show that STIs are unlikely to change their types, but that their stability level is likely to change under CC impacts. The main driver for the change is the future variations in wave directions, not SLR as is commonly thought.

Fluorescent excitation analysis (FEA) is a technique that has been utilized for some time in physics. An increasing number of biomedical applications for FEA have been reported in recent year: it is becoming the assay method of choice in many areas of research and clinical practice. The purpose of this volume is to acquaint the interest physician or physicist with the basic principles and instrumentation relevant for FEA, as well as some present and future biomedical applications.

The rich fossil record of the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains of the United States is a gold mine for interested scientists. The last thirty million years of Earth history are superbly chronicled by a succession of fossil assemblages extending from the St. Lawrence River to Florida. Marine scientists, paleontologists, and systematic biologists alike need a thorough guide to interpret this history.

Cenozoic Seas: The View from Eastern North America analyzes the changing geography, the arrival and departures of ecosystems and species, and the affect of climate on living things. The author classifies all of the region's fossil-bearing formations and their contents within a logical, descriptive framework of space and time, providing a clear path for those studying evolution and extinction within specific communities of organisms.

The book is also an excellent field guide for fossil collectors, providing detailed information for all species illustrated. Many organisms have never before been illustrated in a book on fossil shells.

Combines fundamental, experiential knowledge with innovative, experimental ideas Features a unique combination of deep professional expertise and mathematical rigour Provides guidelines for dealing with analysis of enormous amounts of data Equations that can be deduced from first principles, are derived, whenever possible, for instructional purposes Includes (anonymized) information drawn from real cases