This book gathers key advances in various areas related to using wireless Internet and wireless connectivity to achieve a more connected world. The world is now highly dependent on Internet connectivity. Even though some parts of the globe remain isolated, the smoothly running world all around us relies on Internet services for countless businesses and activities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen that exclusively relying on wired Internet would leave out a large part of our tech-savvy world. Hence, wireless connectivity is essential to anywhere, anytime connectivity. Further, in the event of a new pandemic or other disaster of global scale, wireless Internet offers a reliable way to keep us all connected. The contributors to this book, hailing from academia, industrial and research laboratories, report on the latest solutions, trends and technologies with the potential to make wireless Internet more reliable and secure for the years to come.

Intelligent Support for Computer Science Education presents the authors' research journey into the effectiveness of human tutoring, with the goal of developing educational technology that can be used to improve introductory Computer Science education at the undergraduate level. Nowadays, Computer Science education is central to the concerns of society, as attested by the penetration of information technology in all aspects of our lives; consequently, in the last few years interest in Computer Science at all levels of schooling, especially at the college level, has been flourishing. However, introductory concepts in Computer Science such as data structures and recursion are difficult for novices to grasp. Key Features: Includes a comprehensive and succinct overview of the Computer Science education landscape at all levels of education. Provides in-depth analysis of one-on-one human tutoring dialogues in introductory Computer Science at college level. Describes a scalable, plug-in based Intelligent Tutoring System architecture, portable to different topics and pedagogical strategies. Presents systematic, controlled evaluation of different versions of the system in ecologically valid settings (18 actual classes and their laboratory sessions). Provides a time-series analysis of student behavior when interacting with the system. This book will be of special interest to the Computer Science education community, specifically instructors of introductory courses at the college level, and Advanced Placement (AP) courses at the high school level. Additionally, all the authors' work is relevant to the Educational Technology community, especially to those working in Intelligent Tutoring Systems, their interfaces, and Educational Data Mining, in particular as applied to human-human pedagogical interactions and to user interaction with educational software.

This book covers the topics on cyber security in IoT systems used in different verticals such as agriculture, health, homes, transportation within the context of smart cities. The authors provide an analysis of the importance of developing smart cities by incorporating technologies such as IoT to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) within the agenda 2030. Furthermore, it includes an analysis of the cyber security challenges generated by IoT systems due to factors such as heterogeneity, lack of security in design and few hardware resources in these systems, and how they should be addressed from a risk analysis approach, evaluating the risk analysis methodologies widely used in traditional IT systems.

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has drawn considerable attention as an attractive inorganic raw material for various applications due to its inexpensiveness, nontoxic nature, stability, and excellent photocatalytic activity. Photocatalysis is one of the most promising route for sustainable chemistry of the 21st century. It can contribute to solving environmental, global energy, and chemical problems, as well as to the sustainable production of commodities in the near future. This book presents the fundamentals of photocatalysis in nanostructured TiO2 and describes the factors affecting the photocatalytic activity, design, and synthesis of various forms of nanostructured TiO2. It highlights the use of ion-doping and inert-atmosphere annealing to extend the light-absorption range of photocatalysts and reduce recombination between electrons and holes. It discusses numerous applications in the fields of energy and environment, such as water purification, gas sensing, storage and delivery, and energy generation. The book is an invaluable resource and useful guide for a broad readership in various fields of catalysis, materials science, environment, and energy.

It is becoming increasingly important to design and develop adaptive, robust, scalable, reliable, security and privacy mechanisms for IoT applications and for Industry 4.0 related concerns. This book serves as a useful guide for researchers and industry professionals and will help beginners to learn the basics to the more advanced topics. Along with exploring security and privacy issues through the IoT ecosystem and examining its implications to the real-world, this book addresses cryptographic tools and techniques and presents the basic and high-level concepts that can serve as guidance for those in the industry as well as help beginners get a handle on both the basic and advanced aspects of security related issues. The book goes on to cover major challenges, issues, and advances in IoT and discusses data processing as well as applications for solutions, and assists in developing self-adaptive cyberphysical security systems that will help with issues brought about by new technologies within IoT and Industry 4.0. This edited book discusses the evolution of IoT and Industry 4.0 and brings security and privacy related technological tools and techniques onto a single platform so that researchers, industry professionals, graduate, postgraduate students, and academicians can easily understand the security, privacy, challenges and opportunity concepts and make then ready to use for applications in IoT and Industry 4.0.

This book demonstrates how to use functions of a complex variable to solve engineering problems that obey the 2D Laplace equation (and in some cases the 2D Poisson equation). The book was written with the engineer/physicist in mind and the majority of the book focuses on electrostatics. A key benefit of the complex variable approach to electrostatics is the visualization of field lines through the use of field maps. With todays' powerful computers and mathematical software programs, field maps are easily generated once the complex potential has been determined. Additionally, problems that would have been considered out of scope previously are now easily solved with these mathematical software programs. For example, solutions requiring the use of non-elementary functions such as elliptic and hypergeometric functions would have been viewed as not practical in the past due to the tedious use of look up tables for evaluation. Now, elliptic and hypergeometric functions are built-in functions for most mathematical software programs making their evaluation as easy as a trigonometric function. Key highlights in the book include 2D electrostatics completely formulated in terms of complex variables More than 60 electrostatic field maps Comprehensive treatment for obtaining Green's functions with conformal mapping Fully worked Schwarz-Christoffel transformations to more than usual number of problems A full chapter devoted to solving practical problems at an advanced level Detailed solutions to all end of chapter problems available on book's website Although the text is primarily self-contained, the reader is assumed to have taken differential and integral calculus and introductory courses in complex variables and electromagnetics.

The unique properties of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in magnetodielectric solids are widely used to create highly efficient analog information processing devices in the microwave range. Such devices include filters, delay lines, phase shifters, non-reciprocal and non-linear devices, and others. This book examines magnetic resonance and ferromagnetic resonance under a wide variety of conditions to study physical properties of magnetodielectric materials. The authors explore the properties in various mediums that significantly complicate magnetic resonance and provide a summary of related advances obtained during the last two decades. It also covers the emergence of new branches of the spectrum and anomalous dependencies on the magnetic field. Key Features: Reviews basic principles of the science of crystallographic symmetry and anisotropic solid-state properties Addresses the inhomogeneous nature of the distribution of the magnetization in the material being studied Explains the mathematic methods used in the calculation of anisotropic solids of a solid Provides the reader with a path to substitute electromagnetic waves when magnetostatic apparatus prove insufficient

New to the Third Edition New chapter on the Multi-Level Adaptive Cross Approximation (MLACA) New chapter on very large radiation and scattering problems that could not be solved prior to implementing of ACA Thoroughly updated chapter on Fast Multipole Method (FMM), as well as the Multi-Level Fast Multipole Algorithm (MLFMA).

This book combines the experience and achievements in engineering practice of the China Academy of Space Technology, Xi'an, with a focus on the field of high-power multipactor over recent decades. It introduces the main concepts, theories, methods and latest technologies of multipactor simulation, at both the theoretical level and as a process of engineering, while providing a comprehensive introduction to the outstanding progress made in the research technology of multipactor numerical simulation in China. At the same time, a three-dimensional numerical simulation method of multipactor for typical high-power microwave components of spacecraft is introduced. This book is an essential volume for engineers in the field of high-power microwave technology. It can also be used as a reference for researchers in related fields, or as a teaching reference book for graduate students majoring in Astronautics at colleges and universities.

Fuzzy logic has vast applications in power and electrical engineering. This collection is the first book to cover research advancements in the application of fuzzy logic in the planning and operation of smart grids. A global group of researchers and scholars present innovative approaches to fuzzy-based smart grid planning and operation, cover theoretical concepts and experimental results of the application of fuzzy-based techniques, and define and apply these techniques to deal with smart grid issues. Applications of Fuzzy Logic in Planning and Operation of Smart Grids is an ideal resource for researchers on the theory and application of fuzzy logic, practicing engineers working in electrical power engineering and power system planning, and post-graduates and students in advanced graduate-level courses.

This book treats state-of-the-art computational methods for power flow studies and contingency analysis. In the first part the authors present the relevant computational methods and mathematical concepts. In the second part, power flow and contingency analysis are treated. Furthermore, traditional methods to solve such problems are compared to modern solvers, developed using the knowledge of the first part of the book. Finally, these solvers are analyzed both theoretically and experimentally, clearly showing the benefits of the modern approach.

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. Spectroscopy is a powerful technique that utilizes the interaction of light with matter. Analysis of various spectra can yield important physical characteristics of matter, including chemical composition, temperature, luminosity, mass, and more. The uses and implications of spectroscopy are very broad, with practical uses in many fields of science, including astronomy, medicine, analytic chemistry, material science, geology, and more. Researchers are constantly discovering new applications of spectroscopy, and it is expected to play an ever-increasing role in nanotechnology and superconductivity. This book brings together a diverse collection of new research advances in spectroscopy.

This comprehensive textbook covers all subjects on linear circuit theory, with the emphasis on learning the subject without an excessive amount of information. This unique approach stresses knowledge rather than computer use to start and differs from other books by introducing matrix algebra early in the book. The book's 290 problems are meant to be solved using matrix algebra, which provides the reader with a strong foundation on which to build.

This book presents two nonlinear control strategies for complex dynamical networks. First, sliding-mode control is used, and then the inverse optimal control approach is employed. For both cases, model-based is considered in Chapter 3 and Chapter 5; then, Chapter 4 and Chapter 6 are based on determining a model for the unknow system using a recurrent neural network, using on-line extended Kalman filtering for learning. The book is organized in four sections. The first one covers mathematical preliminaries, with a brief review for complex networks, and the pinning methodology. Additionally, sliding-mode control and inverse optimal control are introduced. Neural network structures are also discussed along with a description of the high-order ones. The second section presents the analysis and simulation results for sliding-mode control for identical as well as non-identical nodes. The third section describes analysis and simulation results for inverse optimal control considering identical or non-identical nodes. Finally, the last section presents applications of these schemes, using gene regulatory networks and microgrids as examples.

This book presents the peridynamic theory, which provides the capability for improved modeling of progressive failure in materials and structures, and paves the way for addressing multi-physics and multi-scale problems. The book provides students and researchers with a theoretical and practical knowledge of the peridynamic theory and the skills required to analyze engineering problems. The text may be used in courses such as Multi-physics and Multi-scale Analysis, Nonlocal Computational Mechanics, and Computational Damage Prediction. Sample algorithms for the solution of benchmark problems are available so that the reader can modify these algorithms, and develop their own solution algorithms for specific problems. Students and researchers will find this book an essential and invaluable reference on the topic.

Hard or protective coatings are widely used in conventional and modern industries and will continue to play a key role in future manufacturing, especially in the micro and nano areas. Protective Thin Coatings Technology highlights the developments and advances in the preparation, characterization, and applications of protective micro-/nanoscaled films and coatings. This book Covers technologies for sputtering of flexible hard nanocoatings, deposition of solid lubricating films, and multilayer transition metal nitrides Describes integrated nanomechanical characterization of hard coatings, corrosion and tribo-corrosion of hard coatings, and high entropy alloy films and coatings Investigates thin films and coatings for high-temperature applications, nanocomposite coatings on magnesium alloys, and the correlation between coating properties and industrial applications Features various aspects of hard coatings, covering advanced sputtering technologies, structural characterizations, and simulations, as well as applications This first volume in the two-volume set, Protective Thin Coatings and Functional Thin Films Technology, will benefit industry professionals and researchers working in areas related to semiconductors, optoelectronics, plasma technology, solid-state energy storages, and 5G, as well as advanced students studying electrical, mechanical, chemical, and material engineering.

The resurgence of artificial intelligence has been fueled by the availability of the present generation of high-performance computational tools and techniques. This book is designed to provide introductory guidance to artificial intelligence, particularly from the perspective of digital systems engineering. Artificial Intelligence and Digital Systems Engineering provides a general introduction to the origin of AI and covers the wide application areas and software and hardware interfaces. It will prove to be instrumental in helping new users expand their knowledge horizon to the growing market of AI tools, as well as showing how AI is applicable to the development of games, simulation, and consumer products, particularly using artificial neural networks. This book is for the general reader, university students, and instructors of industrial, production, civil, mechanical, and manufacturing engineering. It will also be of interest to managers of technology, projects, business, plants, and operations.

This book takes an in-depth look at the emerging technologies that are transforming the way clinicians manage patients, while at the same time emphasizing that the best practitioners use both artificial and human intelligence to make decisions. AI and machine learning are explored at length, with plain clinical English explanations of convolutional neural networks, back propagation, and digital image analysis. Real-world examples of how these tools are being employed are also discussed, including their value in diagnosing diabetic retinopathy, melanoma, breast cancer, cancer metastasis, and colorectal cancer, as well as in managing severe sepsis. With all the enthusiasm about AI and machine learning, it was also necessary to outline some of criticisms, obstacles, and limitations of these new tools. Among the criticisms discussed: the relative lack of hard scientific evidence supporting some of the latest algorithms and the so-called black box problem. A chapter on data analytics takes a deep dive into new ways to conduct subgroup analysis and how it's forcing healthcare executives to rethink the way they apply the results of large clinical trials to everyday medical practice. This re-evaluation is slowly affecting the way diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, and cancer are treated. The research discussed also suggests that data analytics will impact emergency medicine, medication management, and healthcare costs. An examination of the diagnostic reasoning process itself looks at how diagnostic errors are measured, what technological and cognitive errors are to blame, and what solutions are most likely to improve the process. It explores Type 1 and Type 2 reasoning methods; cognitive mistakes like availability bias, affective bias, and anchoring; and potential solutions such as the Human Diagnosis Project. Finally, the book explores the role of systems biology and precision medicine in clinical decision support and provides several case studies of how next generation AI is transforming patient care.

Handbook of Green Engineering Technologies for Sustainable Smart Cities focuses on the complete exploration and presentation of green smart city applications, techniques, and architectural frameworks. It provides detailed coverage of urban sustainability spanning across various engineering disciplines. The book discusses and explores green engineering technologies for smart cities and covers various engineering disciplines and environmental science. It emphasizes techniques, application frameworks, tools, and case studies. All chapters play a part in the evolution of sustainable green smart cities and present how to solve environmental issues by applying modern industrial IoT solutions. This book will benefit researchers, smart city practitioners, academicians, university students, and policy makers.

For over 80 years, the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) has been a leader in the promotion of ethical practice within the field of engineering. One of the Society's greatest contributions is the formation and adoption of the NSPE Code of Ethics. But the code, with its six "Fundamental Canons," is only truly instructive if engineers can bridge the gap between principles and action. Here there is no substitute for personal reflection on the ethical and philosophical issues that underlie the code. If done well, such reflection provides an indispensable basis for moral problem solving. Beyond the Code: A Philosophical Guide to Engineering Ethics is designed to complement the NSPE Code of Ethics by helping readers "go beyond" in their understanding of the philosophical issues bound up in the code. Each chapter addresses one of the Fundamental Canons of the NSPE code, and provides a philosophical analysis of the various parts of each canon by employing contemporary and classical texts. This unique approach to engineering ethics guides students and professionals in their readings of the appended selections to refine their understanding of the code in order to apply it to the practical challenges of today's engineers. Key Features: Is the first introduction to engineering ethics that helps students understand and apply the NSPE Code of Ethics to engineering practice Includes a Preface from Arthur E. Schwartz, NSPE Deputy Executive Director and General Counsel, and NAFE Executive Director As a hybrid text, includes primary philosophical texts with extensive introductions and guided reading questions from the book's three authors Offers case studies from the NSPE Board of Ethical Review, allowing students to see a direct connection between the issues discussed in the text and real-world engineering practice Includes the following pedagogical aids: "Key Terms and Concepts" for each chapter "Preparing to Read" sections before each primary source reading "Guided Reading Questions" after each primary source reading "Going Beyond-Our Questions for a Deep Dive" after each case study.

This comprehensive reference text discusses the fundamental concepts of artificial intelligence and its applications in a single volume. Artificial Intelligence: Fundamentals and Applications presents a detailed discussion of basic aspects and ethics in the field of artificial intelligence and its applications in areas, including electronic devices and systems, consumer electronics, automobile engineering, manufacturing, robotics and automation, agriculture, banking, and predictive analysis. Aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students in the field of electrical engineering, electronics engineering, manufacturing engineering, pharmacy, and healthcare, this text: Discusses advances in artificial intelligence and its applications. Presents the predictive analysis and data analysis using artificial intelligence. Covers the algorithms and pseudo-codes for different domains. Discusses the latest development of artificial intelligence in the field of practical speech recognition, machine translation, autonomous vehicles, and household robotics. Covers the applications of artificial intelligence in fields, including pharmacy and healthcare, electronic devices and systems, manufacturing, consumer electronics, and robotics.

This book is a summary of a series of achievements made by the authors and colleagues in the areas of radio frequency power amplifier modeling (including neural Volterra series modeling, neural network modeling, X-parameter modeling), nonlinear analysis methods, and power amplifier predistortion technology over the past 10 years. The book is organized into ten chapters, which respectively describe an overview of research of power amplifier behavioral models and predistortion technology, nonlinear characteristics of power amplifiers, power amplifier behavioral models and the basis of nonlinear analysis, an overview of power amplifier predistortion, Volterra series modeling of power amplifiers, power amplifier modeling based on neural networks, power amplifier modeling with X-parameters, the modeling of other power amplifiers, nonlinear circuit analysis methods, and predistortion algorithms and applications. Blending theory with analysis, this book will provide researchers and RF/microwave engineering students with a valuable resource.

Presents, for the first time, the new method, named the "flow measurement reaction method", and the "reaction flow meters", configured by its implementation so far. Systematic detailing of all basic types of reaction flowmeters, according to their presented general classification and following the evolution of their structural and functional complexity. Explores and demonstrates the universal application of "the reaction force method of flow measurement" for configuration of the reaction flowmeters both without and with moving parts, respectively of their specific connections. Unitary, consistent and coherent presentation, in a logical sequence, of all different basic types of reaction flowmeters, following the same manner (basic configuration and operation, functional equations, constructive solutions, main features). The book is an efficient tool for predictable design of new types of reaction flowmeters, by following the logical steps (questions) already taken in the configuration of the reaction flowmeters presented, and the diversification of the answers given to them.

This book is a detailed reference on biomedical applications using Deep Learning. Because Deep Learning is an important actor shaping the future of Artificial Intelligence, its specific and innovative solutions for both medical and biomedical are very critical. This book provides a recent view of research works on essential, and advanced topics. The book offers detailed information on the application of Deep Learning for solving biomedical problems. It focuses on different types of data (i.e. raw data, signal-time series, medical images) to enable readers to understand the effectiveness and the potential. It includes topics such as disease diagnosis, image processing perspectives, and even genomics. It takes the reader through different sides of Deep Learning oriented solutions. The specific and innovative solutions covered in this book for both medical and biomedical applications are critical to scientists, researchers, practitioners, professionals, and educations who are working in the context of the topics.

This book provides the fundamental theory of distributed optimization, game and learning. It includes those working directly in optimization,-and also many other issues like time-varying topology, communication delay, equality or inequality constraints,-and random projections. This book is meant for the researcher and engineer who uses distributed optimization, game and learning theory in fields like dynamic economic dispatch, demand response management and PHEV routing of smart grids.