For real-time systems, the worst-case execution time (WCET) is the key objective to be considered. Traditionally, code for real-time systems is generated without taking this objective into account and the WCET is computed only after code generation. Worst-Case Execution Time Aware Compilation Techniques for Real-Time Systems presents the first comprehensive approach integrating WCET considerations into the code generation process. Based on the proposed reconciliation between a compiler and a timing analyzer, a wide range of novel optimization techniques is provided. Among others, the techniques cover source code and assembly level optimizations, exploit machine learning techniques and address the design of modern systems that have to meet multiple objectives.

Using these optimizations, the WCET of real-time applications can be reduced by about 30% to 45% on the average. This opens opportunities for decreasing clock speeds, costs and energy consumption of embedded processors. The proposed techniques can be used for all types real-time systems, including automotive and avionics IT systems.

For introductory courses in Engineering and Computer Science. Teach your students to program and design user interfaces using Excel 2007. Introduction to VBA for Excel is an introductory text that is designed to instruct engineering and science students on how to develop programs using VBA within the Microsoft Excel environment. It is written for students at all levels and does not assume any previous programming experience.

This book represents an attempt to treat three aspects of digital systems, design, prototyping and customization, in an integrated manner using two major technologies: VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL) as a modeling and specification tool, and Field-Programmable Logic Devices (FPLDs) as an implementation technology. They together make a very powerful combination for complex digital systems rapid design and prototyping as the important steps towards manufacturing, or, in the case of feasible quantities, they also provide fast system manufacturing. Combining these two technologies makes possible implementation of very complex digital systems at the desk. VHDL has become a standard tool to capture features of digital systems in a form of behavioral, dataflow or structural models providing a high degree of flexibility. When augmented by a good simulator, VHDL enables extensive verification of features of the system under design, reducing uncertainties at the latter phases of design process. As such, it becomes an unavoidable modeling tool to model digital systems at various levels of abstraction.

Beginning computing students often finish the introduction to programming course without having had exposure to various system tools, without knowing how to optimize program performance and without understanding how programs interact with the larger computer system. Adam Hoover's "System Programming with C and Unix" introduces students to commonly used system tools (libraries, debuggers, system calls, shells and scripting languages) and then explains how to utilize these tools to optimize program development. The text also examines lower level data types with an emphasis on memory and understanding how and why different data types are used.

Many times, web services standards do not explicitly address core issues specific to the financial industrywhich makes it difficult to implement standards-compliant systems. But "Web Services in Finance "will bridge the gap in standards awareness. And you will acquire the skills to develop secure applications quickly.

If you are a .NET or J2EE developer working in the financial industry, currently migrating applications to become Web services, or writing new Web services, then this book is your ideal companion! The authors thoroughly discuss crucial topics like data representation, messaging, security, privacy, management, monitoring, and more. What's more: the provided examples and API reviews will help you swiftly reach your goals. Table of Contents Introduction to Web Services Enterprise Systems Data Representation Messaging Description and Data Format Discovery and Advertising Alternative Transports Security Quality of Service Conversations, Workflows, and Transactions

The proceedings represent the state of knowledge in the area of algorithmic differentiation (AD). The 31 contributed papers presented at the AD2012 conference cover the application of AD to many areas in science and engineering as well as aspects of AD theory and its implementation in tools. For all papers the referees, selected from the program committee and the greater community, as well as the editors have emphasized accessibility of the presented ideas also to non-AD experts. In the AD tools arena new implementations are introduced covering, for example, Java and graphical modeling environments or join the set of existing tools for Fortran. New developments in AD algorithms target the efficiency of matrix-operation derivatives, detection and exploitation of sparsity, partial separability, the treatment of nonsmooth functions, and other high-level mathematical aspects of the numerical computations to be differentiated. Applications stem from the Earth sciences, nuclear engineering, fluid dynamics, and chemistry, to name just a few. In many cases the applications in a given area of science or engineering share characteristics that require specific approaches to enable AD capabilities or provide an opportunity for efficiency gains in the derivative computation. The description of these characteristics and of the techniques for successfully using AD should make the proceedings a valuable source of information for users of AD tools.

This updated and reorganized Fifth edition of Software Testing: A Craftsman's Approach continues to be a valuable reference for software testers, developers, and engineers, by applying the strong mathematics content of previous editions to a coherent treatment of software testing. Responding to instructor and student survey input, the authors have streamlined chapters and examples. The Fifth Edition: Has a new chapter on feature interaction testing that explores the feature interaction problem and explains how to reduce tests Uses Java instead of pseudo-code for all examples including structured and object-oriented ones Presents model-based development and provides an explanation of how to conduct testing within model-based development environments Explains testing in waterfall, iterative, and agile software development projects Explores test-driven development, reexamines all-pairs testing, and explains the four contexts of software testing Thoroughly revised and updated, Software Testing: A Craftsman's Approach, Fifth Edition is sure to become a standard reference for those who need to stay up to date with evolving technologies in software testing.

This volume gives an overview of the state-of-the-art in system-level design trade-off explorations for concurrent tasks running on embedded heterogeneous multiple processors. The targeted application domain covers complex embedded real-time multi-media and communication applications. Many of these applications are concurrent in the sense that multiple subsystems can be running simultaneously. Also, these applications are so dynamic at run-time that the designs based on the worst case execution times are inefficient in terms of resource allocation (e.g., energy budgets). A novel systematical approach is clearly necessary in the area of system-level design for the embedded systems where those concurrent and dynamic applications are mapped. This material is mainly based on research at IMEC and its international university network partners in this area in the period 1997-2006.

After a slow and somewhat tentative beginning, machine vision systems are now finding widespread use in industry. So far, there have been four clearly discernible phases in their development, based upon the types of images processed and how that processing is performed: (1) Binary (two level) images, processing in software (2) Grey-scale images, processing in software (3) Binary or grey-scale images processed in fast, special-purpose hardware (4) Coloured/multi-spectral images Third-generation vision systems are now commonplace, although a large number of binary and software-based grey-scale processing systems are still being sold. At the moment, colour image processing is commercially much less significant than the other three and this situation may well remain for some time, since many industrial artifacts are nearly monochrome and the use of colour increases the cost of the equipment significantly. A great deal of colour image processing is a straightforward extension of standard grey-scale methods. Industrial applications of machine vision systems can also be sub divided, this time into two main areas, which have largely retained distinct identities: (i) Automated Visual Inspection (A VI) (ii) Robot Vision (RV) This book is about a fifth generation of industrial vision systems, in which this distinction, based on applications, is blurred and the processing is marked by being much smarter (i. e. more "intelligent") than in the other four generations."

This study centers on issues of marginality and monstrosity in medieval England. In the middle ages, geography was viewed as divinely ordered, so Britain's location at the periphery of the inhabitable world caused anxiety among its inhabitants. Far from the world's holy center, the geographic margins were considered monstrous. Medieval geography, for centuries scorned as crude, is now the subject of several careful studies. Monsters have likewise been the subject of recent attention in the growing field of "monster studies," though few works situate these creatures firmly in their specific historical contexts. This study sits at the crossroads of these two discourses (geography and monstrosity), treated separately in the established scholarship but inseparable in the minds of medieval authors and artists.

Visual Basic .NET is the most recent version of Microsoft's language for creating Windows programs and developing Internet applications. Visual Basic .NET forms part of the .NET Framework, the development environment now used for all Microsoft programming languages. Visual Basic .NET is an enhanced edition of this popular language, incorporating all the functionality of Visual Basic 6 but with the addition of new object oriented features. Some of the terminology has changed in this new version of the product and the development environment has been enhanced but the main principles remain the same. Visual Basic .NET Made Simple is intended for new programmers, as well as those who are upgrading from earlier versions of Visual Basic and those who have worked in different languages or environments and need to acquire new skills. No previous knowledge of Visual Basic, other languages or object oriented programming is required. However, readers are expected to have a basic knowledge of Windows and its operation. Main topics covered include: * Creating applications for Windows XP * Writing and testing Visual Basic .NET code * Accessing external databases * Developing Internet applications

Quickly learn the ropes with the Rust programming language using this practical, step-by-step guide In Beginning Rust Programming, accomplished programmer and author Ric Messier delivers a highly practical, real-world guide to coding with Rust. Avoiding dry, theoretical content and "Hello, world"-type tutorials of questionable utility, the book dives immediately into functional Rust programming that takes advantage of the language's blazing speed and memory efficiency. Designed from the ground up to give you a running start to using the multiparadigm system programming language, this book will teach you to: Solve real-world computer science problems of practical importance Use Rust's rich type system and ownership model to guarantee memory-safety and thread-safety Integrate Rust with other programming languages and use it for embedded devices Perfect for programmers with some experience in other languages, like C or C++, Beginning Rust Programming is also a great pick for students new to programming and seeking a user-friendly and robust language with which to start their coding career.

Case-based reasoning means reasoning based on remembering previous experiences. A reasoner using old experiences (cases) might use those cases to suggest solutions to problems, to point out potential problems with a solution being computed, to interpret a new situation and make predictions about what might happen, or to create arguments justifying some conclusion. A case-based reasoner solves new problems by remembering old situations and adapting their solutions. It interprets new situations by remembering old similar situations and comparing and contrasting the new one to old ones to see where it fits best. Case-based reasoning combines reasoning with learning. It spans the whole reasoning cycle. A situation is experienced. Old situations are used to understand it. Old situations are used to solve a problem (if there is one to be solved). Then the new situation is inserted into memory alongside the cases it used for reasoning, to be used another time. The key to this reasoning method, then, is remembering. Remembering has two parts: integrating cases or experiences into memory when they happen and recalling them in appropriate situations later on. The case-based reasoning community calls this related set of issues the indexing problem. In broad terms, it means finding in memory the experience closest to a new situation. In narrower terms, it can be described as a two-part problem: assigning indexes or labels to experiences when they are put into memory that describe the situations to which they are applicable, so that they can be recalled later; and at recall time, elaborating the new situation in enough detail so that the indexes it would have if it were in the memory are identified. Case-Based Learning is an edited volume of original research comprising invited contributions by leading workers. This work has also been published as a special issues of MACHINE LEARNING, Volume 10, No. 3.

Concurrent constraint programming (ccp) is a recent development in programming language design. Its central contribution is the notion of partial information provided by a shared constraint store. This constraint store serves as a communication medium between concurrent threads of control and as a vehicle for their synchronization. Objects for Concurrent Constraint Programming analyzes the possibility of supporting object-oriented programming in ccp. Starting from established approaches, the book covers various object models and discusses their properties. Small Oz, a sublanguage of the ccp language Oz, is used as a model language for this analysis. This book presents a general-purpose object system for Small Oz and describes its implementation and expressivity for concurrent computation. Objects for Concurrent Constraint Programming is written for programming language researchers with an interest in programming language aspects of concurrency, object-oriented programming, or constraint programming. Programming language implementors will benefit from the rigorous treatment of the efficient implementation of Small Oz. Oz programmers will get a first-hand view of the design decisions that lie behind the Oz object system.

Call-by-push-value is a programming language paradigm that, surprisingly, breaks down the call-by-value and call-by-name paradigms into simple primitives. This monograph, written for graduate students and researchers, exposes the call-by-push-value structure underlying a remarkable range of semantics, including operational semantics, domains, possible worlds, continuations and games.

Designed as the definitive reference on the compilation of the Esterel synchronous reactive real-time language, Compiling Esterel covers all aspects of the language. The book includes a tutorial, a reference manual, formal semantics, and detailed technical information about the many techniques used to compile it. Researchers as well as advanced developers will find this book essential for understanding Esterel at all levels.

This revised edition has more breadth and depth of coverage than the first edition. Information Technology: An Introduction for Today's Digital World introduces undergraduate students to a wide variety of concepts that they will encounter throughout their IT studies and careers. The features of this edition include: Introductory system administration coverage of Windows 10 and Linux (Red Hat 7), both as general concepts and with specific hands-on instruction Coverage of programming and shell scripting, demonstrated through example code in several popular languages Updated information on modern IT careers Computer networks, including more content on cloud computing Improved coverage of computer security Ancillary material that includes a lab manual for hands-on exercises Suitable for any introductory IT course, this classroom-tested text presents many of the topics recommended by the ACM Special Interest Group on IT Education (SIGITE). It offers a far more detailed examination of the computer and IT fields than computer literacy texts, focusing on concepts essential to all IT professionals - from system administration to scripting to computer organization. Four chapters are dedicated to the Windows and Linux operating systems so that students can gain hands-on experience with operating systems that they will deal with in the real world.

For the introductory Data Structures course (CS2) that typically follows a first course in programming. This text continues to offer a thorough, well-organized, and up-to-date presentation of essential principles and practices in data structures using C++. Reflecting the newest trends in computer science, new and revised material throughout the Second Edition places increased emphasis on abstract data types (ADTs) and object-oriented design. \ To access the author's Companion Website, including Solutions Manual, for ADTS, Data Structures and Problem Solving with C++, please go to http://cs.calvin.edu/books/c++/ds/2e/ For other books by Larry Nyhoff, please go to www.prenhall.com/nyhoff

To construct a compiler for a modern higher-level programming languagel one needs to structure the translation to a machine-like intermediate language in a way that reflects the semantics of the language. little is said about such struc turing in compiler texts that are intended to cover a wide variety of program ming languages. More is said in the Iiterature on semantics-directed compiler construction [1] but here too the viewpoint is very general (though limited to 1 languages with a finite number of syntactic types). On the other handl there is a considerable body of work using the continuation-passing transformation to structure compilers for the specific case of call-by-value languages such as SCHEME and ML [21 3]. ln this paperl we will describe a method of structuring the translation of ALGOL-like languages that is based on the functor-category semantics devel oped by Reynolds [4] and Oles [51 6]. An alternative approach using category theory to structure compilers is the early work of F. L. Morris [7]1 which anticipates our treatment of boolean expressionsl but does not deal with procedures. 2 Types and Syntax An ALGOL-like language is a typed lambda calculus with an unusual repertoire of primitive types. Throughout most of this paper we assume that the primi tive types are comm(and) int(eger)exp(ression) int(eger)acc(eptor) int(eger)var(iable) I and that the set 8 of types is the least set containing these primitive types and closed under the binary operation -.

FIELD has been a remarkably successful research project. The ideas first exhibited in the environment now form the basis for most of the current generation of programming environments, including Hewlett-Packard's Softbench, DEC's FUSE, Sun's Tooltalk, Lucid's Energize, and SGI's Codevision. FIELD pioneered the notion of broadcast messaging as a basis for tool integration. Moreover, many of the other tool concepts introduced in FIELD have made their way into these environments. Thus in discussing the FIELD environment, this book actually explains the inner workings of today's programming environments. The book will be valuable for those interested in the development of programming tools and environments, as well as serious users of programming environments. It will also be of interest to anyone undertaking a large software project, both by introducing the software tools needed to work on such a project and by demonstrating the concepts of message-based integration which can be applied to a variety of domains.

Learn C++ programming at your own pace-Covers modern C++ 20 Starting with one hour a day, you can gain all the skills you need to begin programming in C++. This complete tutorial will help you quickly master the basics of object-oriented programming and teach you advanced C++ language features and concepts. Fully updated for the C++20 standard, this practical book is designed to help you write C++ code that's faster, simpler, and more reliable and master the fundamentals of C++ and object-oriented programming. No programming experience required: start writing well-organized, efficient C++ programs quickly! Apply proven Do's and Don'ts to leverage best practices and avoid pitfalls from day one Test your knowledge and expertise with focused exercises after every lesson Simplify your code using automatic type deduction and other features Accelerate learning using nearly 300 code samples explained within Preview improvements expected in C++23 Lessons Part I - The Basics: Using Variables, Declaring Constants; Arrays and Strings; Expressions, Statements, and Operators; Controlling Program Flow; Functions; Pointers and References Part II - Fundamentals of Object-Oriented C++ Programming: Classes and Objects; Implementing Inheritance; Polymorphism; Operator Types and Operator Overloading; Casting Operators; Macros and Templates PART III - Learning the Standard Template Library (STL): The STL String Class; STL Dynamic Array Classes; STL list and forward_list; STL set and multiset; STL map and multimap PART IV: Lambda Expressions and STL Algorithms: Function Objects; Lambda Expressions; STL Algorithms; Adaptive Containers: Stack and Queue; Bit Flags PART V: Advanced C++ Concepts: Smart Pointers; Streams; Exception Handling; C++20 Concepts, Ranges, Views, and Adaptors; C++20 Threads; C++20 and C++23 Modules Appendixes: Working with Numbers; C++ Keywords; Writing Great C++ Code; ASCII Codes

The PC Graphics Handbook serves advanced C++ programmers dealing with the specifics of PC graphics hardware and software.

Discussions address:

o 2D and 3D graphics programming for Windows and DOS
o Device-independent graphics
o Mathematics for computer graphics
o Graphics algorithms and procedural operations
o PC video systems architecture, including its history and development
o High-end graphics systems and coprocessors
o Artificial life
o Virtual reality
o Animation techniques for simulations and video games
o VGA, SuperVGA, and VESA
o Device drivers
o Graphics and animation primitives

The authors cover the spectrum of PC graphics programming, including theoretical and practical topics - creating a singularly comprehensive resource for programmers.

Author Biography:
Lynne Bowker is Assistant Profesor in Translation at the University of Ottowa, Canada. Jennifer Pearson, until recently Senior Lecturer in Translation Studies at Dublin City University, Ireland, is Chief of Translation at UNESCO Headquarters, Paris.

Real Application Clusters (RAC) and the Grid architecture are Oracle's strategy for scaling out enterprise systems to cope with bigger workloads and more users. Many books limit themselves by conceptualizing and theorizing about RAC technology, but this book is the first to portray implementing and administering an Oracle 10"g" RAC system in a Linux environment. This book features basic concepts underlying Linux and Oracle RAC, design strategies, hardware procurement and configuration, and many other topics.

The RAC-specific technologies described include configuration of the interconnect, OCFS, ASM, Cluster Ready Services, and Grid Control. The Oracle features RMAN and Data Guard are also discussed, along with available hardware options. The authors include practical examples and configuration information, so that upon reading this book, youll be armed with the information you need to build an Oracle RAC database on Linux, whether it is on a single laptop or a 64-node Itanium cluster.