System-on-Chip Methodologies & Design Languages brings together a selection of the best papers from three international electronic design language conferences in 2000. The conferences are the Hardware Description Language Conference and Exhibition (HDLCon), held in the Silicon Valley area of USA; the Forum on Design Languages (FDL), held in Europe; and the Asia Pacific Chip Design Language (APChDL) Conference. The papers cover a range of topics, including design methods, specification and modeling languages, tool issues, formal verification, simulation and synthesis. The results presented in these papers will help researchers and practicing engineers keep abreast of developments in this rapidly evolving field.

This volume, the 6th volume in the DRUMS Handbook series, is part of the after math of the successful ESPRIT project DRUMS (Defeasible Reasoning and Un certainty Management Systems) which took place in two stages from 1989-1996. In the second stage (1993-1996) a work package was introduced devoted to the topics Reasoning and Dynamics, covering both the topics of 'Dynamics of Rea soning', where reasoning is viewed as a process, and 'Reasoning about Dynamics', which must be understood as pertaining to how both designers of and agents within dynamic systems may reason about these systems. The present volume presents work done in this context. This work has an emphasis on modelling and formal techniques in the investigation of the topic "Reasoning and Dynamics," but it is not mere theory that occupied us. Rather research was aimed at bridging the gap between theory and practice. Therefore also real-life applications of the modelling techniques were considered, and we hope this also shows in this volume, which is focused on the dynamics of reasoning processes. In order to give the book a broader perspective, we have invited a number of well-known researchers outside the project but working on similar topics to contribute as well. We have very pleasant recollections of the project, with its lively workshops and other meetings, with the many sites and researchers involved, both within and outside our own work package."

xv From the Old to the New xvii Acknowledgments xxi 1 Verilog - A Tutorial Introduction 1 Getting Started 2 A Structural Description 2 Simulating the binaryToESeg Driver 4 Creating Ports For the Module 7 Creating a Testbench For a Module 8 11 Behavioral Modeling of Combinational Circuits Procedural Models 12 Rules for Synthesizing Combinational Circuits 13 14 Procedural Modeling of Clocked Sequential Circuits Modeling Finite State Machines 15 Rules for Synthesizing Sequential Systems 18 Non-Blocking Assignment ("

Learn to write C++ programs by interfacing a computer to a wide range of popular and fundamental real-world technologies.

Unique and original approach to use the PC to do real things- not just number crunching and graphics - but writing programs to interact with the outside world.

Learn C++ programming in an enjoyable and powerful way.

Includes a purpose-designed circuit board

This book brings together research on numerical methods adapted for Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). It explains recent efforts to adapt classic numerical methods, including solution of linear equations and FFT, for massively parallel GPU architectures. This volume consolidates recent research and adaptations, covering widely used methods that are at the core of many scientific and engineering computations. Each chapter is written by authors working on a specific group of methods; these leading experts provide mathematical background, parallel algorithms and implementation details leading to reusable, adaptable and scalable code fragments. This book also serves as a GPU implementation manual for many numerical algorithms, sharing tips on GPUs that can increase application efficiency. The valuable insights into parallelization strategies for GPUs are supplemented by ready-to-use code fragments. Numerical Computations with GPUs targets professionals and researchers working in high performance computing and GPU programming. Advanced-level students focused on computer science and mathematics will also find this book useful as secondary text book or reference.

Despite differing origins, constraint programming and mathematical programming are beginning to merge. Constraint programming has grown out of the logic programming community as part of an effort to embed constraints in a programming language. Mathematical programming, a much older field, is rooted in the mathematics of optimization. Because these two areas have complementary strengths, there are ongoing efforts to integrate the two.Constraint and Integer Programming presents some of the basic ideas of constraint programming and mathematical programming, explores approaches to integration, brings us up to date on heuristic methods, and attempts to discern future directions in this fast-moving field.
Constraint and Integer Programming is organized as follows: Chapter 1 is a high level overview of the main concepts of Constraint Programming (CP) and Integer Programming (IP) used in the book. Chapter 2 informally introduces integration methods describing and classifying the main works in the field. Chapter 3 outlines a unifying framework which involves the main concepts of CP and IP, underlining similarities and differences, and stating the basis for possible integrations. Chapter 4 describes global constraints as a vehicle for integrating IP concepts in CP in a transparent way for the user. Chapter 5 presents various ways to integrate relaxations in Constraint Programming focussing on global constraints. Chapter 6 presents hybrid solvers and Chapter 7 outlines Column Generation and its integration in Constraint Programming. Chapter 8 examines randomization and problem structure as a basis for understanding the intrinsic difficulty of the combinatorial problems. Chapter 9 studies the use of local search and meta-heuristics in CP. Chapter 10 is devoted to open perspectives and future directions.

The book offers a detailed guide to temporal ordering, exploring open problems in the field and providing solutions and extensive analysis. It addresses the challenge of automatically ordering events and times in text. Aided by TimeML, it also describes and presents concepts relating to time in easy-to-compute terms. Working out the order that events and times happen has proven difficult for computers, since the language used to discuss time can be vague and complex. Mapping out these concepts for a computational system, which does not have its own inherent idea of time, is, unsurprisingly, tough. Solving this problem enables powerful systems that can plan, reason about events, and construct stories of their own accord, as well as understand the complex narratives that humans express and comprehend so naturally. This book presents a theory and data-driven analysis of temporal ordering, leading to the identification of exactly what is difficult about the task. It then proposes and evaluates machine-learning solutions for the major difficulties. It is a valuable resource for those working in machine learning for natural language processing as well as anyone studying time in language, or involved in annotating the structure of time in documents.

This new text/reference presents an accessible, concise, but rather complete, introduction to the C++ programming language with special emphasis on object-oriented numeric computation for scientific and engineering program development. The description of the language is in compliance with ISO/ANSI standards and is platform independent for maximum versatility. Requiring only basic calculus and linear algebra as prerequisites, the book introduces concepts, techniques, and standard libraries of C++ in a manner that is easy to understand and uses such familiar examples as vectors, matrices, integrals, and complex numbers. It also contains an introduction to C++ programs for applications with many numberic methods that are fundamental to science and engineering computing: polynomial evaluation and interpolation; numeric integration; methods for solving nonlinear equations; systems of linear equations in full, band, and sparse matrix storage formats; and ordinary and partial differential equations. Numerous techniques and examples are provided on how to reduce (C and Fortran) run-time overhead and improve program efficiency. Topics and features: *concise coverage of C++ programming concepts with object-oriented emphasis*numerous examples, coding tools, sample programs and exercises for reinforcement and self-study purposes*develops and uses basic and advanced features, as well as standard libraries of C++*covers many fundamental numeric methods for scientific and engineering computing applications*downloadable user-defined numeric linear algebra library available from author web site With an accessible style, intuitive topic development, and numerous examples, the book is an excellent resource and guide to the power, versatility and efficiency of C++ programming for numeric computing applications. Advanced students, practitioners and professionals in computer science, engineering and scientific computing in general will find the book a practical guide and resource for their work and applications program development.

Another powerful contraction began and the pain jarred her back to the reality of the task at hand. In just a few minutes, the head appeared and the event moments ago were repeated. Again, the Doktor held the baby by its feet and gave this one a good whack. Nothing happened. He tried again. There was still no cry from the baby. He laid the baby down and put his stethoscope to his tiny chest. A frown crossed his face. Nurse Kelm had seen that look before and understood. The Doktor tied and cut the cord just as he had done with the first baby and handed him to Ilse. She quickly wrapped the baby in a receiving blanket, picked it up and rushed out of the room. Freya watched this scene as if seeing it in slow motion. Where is she taking my baby? she screamed. The Doktor took her hand and said softly, I'm sorry Frau Muller, but he is dead. A heart-rending scream shattered the quiet of the room. Freya began to sob uncontrollably. The Doktor whispered to the second nurse and she handed him a syringe with a mild sedative. Freya didn't feel the needle enter her arm. She couldn't feel anything at that moment except a pain in her heart that made her oblivious to any physical pain.

System Design: A Practical Guide with SpecC presents the system design flow following a simple example through the whole process in an easy-to-follow, step-by-step fashion. Each step is described in detail in pictorial form and with code examples in SpecC. For each picture slide a detailed explanation is provided of the concepts presented. This format is suited for tutorials, seminars, self-study, as a guided reference carried by examples, or as teaching material for courses on system design. Features: Comprehensive introduction to and description of the SpecC language and design methodology; IP-centric language and methodology with focus on design reuse; Complete framework for system-level design from specification to implementation for SOCs and other embedded HW/SW systems. System Design: A Practical Guide with SpecC will benefit designers and design managers of complex SOCs, or embedded systems in general, by allowing them to develop new methodologies from these results, in order to increase design productivity by orders of magnitude. Designers at RTL, logical or physical levels, who are interested in moving up to the system level, will find a comprehensive overview within. The design models in the book define IP models and functions for IP exchange between IP providers and their users. A well-defined methodology like the one presented in this book will help product planning divisions to quickly develop new products or to derive completely new business models, like e-design or product-on-demand. Finally, researchers and students in the area of system design will find an example of a formal, well-structured design flow in this book.

This book represents the proceedings of the 9th SDL Forum which was held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, during the week of June 21-25, 1999. The 9th SDL Forum presents papers on the past and future development of the MSC and SDL languages.The volume presents information on experience with the use of these languages in industrial development projects, on tools and techniques for using these languages in the software and hardware development process, and other aspects of these languages.

A practical step-by-step approach for improving the software development process within a company, using the Software Engineering Institute's Capability Maturity Model (CMM). The text explains common misconceptions associated with Software Business Improvement and CMM, using real-world examples. The book includes a reference table of key software metrics, which: help the reader evaluate measurements in relation to the functioning of his/her organisation; direct the software development to achieve higher levels of CMM in a timely manner; link measurement techniques to specific KPAs in a practical manner; and improve software process definition and improvement techniques with CMM as a guideline.

2 Concept ( Tools * Specification ( Tools + Design Stages ( Tools * Implementation ( Tools Figure 1-1. A nominal, multi-stage development process From that beginning, we have progressed to the point where the EDA community at large, including both users and developers of the tools, are interested in more unified environments. Here, the notion is that the tools used at the various stages in the development process need to be able to complement each other, and to communicate with one another efficiently using effective file exchange capabilities. Furthermore, the idea of capturing all the tool support needed for an EDA development into a unified support environment is now becoming a reality. This reality is evidenced by some of the EDA suites we now see emerging, wherein several tool functions are integrated under a common graphical user interface (GUI), with supporting file exchange and libraries to enable all tool functions to operate effectively and synergistically. This concept, which we illustrate in Figure 1- 2, is the true future ofEDA.

Reference MWAPI shows readers how to develop robust Windows applications using the innovative M Windowing Applications Interface (MWAPI). This book uses numerous tables, illustrations, sample programs, images and discussions to demonstrate how high quality graphical user interface applications are created using a technology that insulates the user from the intricacies and complexities of any particular Windows environment. It shows how applications created through the host-independent development environment can be ported to any Windows platform with no change in source code while maintaining the look and feel of event-processing methodology. It examines portability and compact code, some of the traits the MWAPI shares with the Java programming language.
Reference MWAPI includes valuable appendices designed for quick reference, and it is organized with the needs of a developer in mind. The material is structured to serve as a learning tool and resource for applications development. The integration of the MWAPI is divided into seven chapters that focus on particular components of the system. Exercises test the knowledge of the reader on selected highlights of each chapter.
Sample programs walk the user through "how to" demonstrations of Windows development
Presents specific instructions for characterizing objects with helpful notes
Appendices are designed for quick reference during development

This book addresses patient-specific modeling. It integrates computational modeling, experimental procedures, imagine clinical segmentation and mesh generation with the finite element method (FEM) to solve problems in computational biomedicine and bioengineering. Specific areas of interest include cardiovascular problems, ocular and muscular systems and soft tissue modeling. Patient-specific modeling has been the subject of serious research over the last seven years and interest in the area is continually growing and this area is expected to further develop in the near future.

The Kronecker product of matrices plays a central role in mathematics and in applications found in engineering and theoretical physics. These applications are signal processing, statistical physics, quantum groups and quantum computers. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the Kronecker product of matrices together with its software implementation in C++ using an object-oriented design.

As Cavalli and Sarma astutely remarked in the introduction to this volume, it is quite remarkable that SDL '97 may have the first participant younger than SDL itself. SDL '97 provides the opportunity to reflect the course SDL has taken and why it has been successful over two decades where other languages addressing the same market have failed.

SDL now also has a permanent companion in MSC (Message Sequence Charts). MSC today is a language in its own right and has its areas of application both in conjunction with SDL and independently or in combination with other techniques. MSC has strong structuring concepts to specify message sequences for large systems and can be used to develop scenarios, which is extremely useful for test and design environments. The SDL Forum today really is the SDL and MSC Forum.

For introductory courses in Python Programming and Data Structures. A fundamentals first approach to programming helps students create efficient, elegant code. Introduction to Python Programming and Data Structures introduces students to basic programming concepts using a fundamentals-first approach that prepares students to learn object-oriented programming and advanced Python programming. This approach presents programming concepts and techniques that include control statements, loops, functions, and arrays before designing custom classes. Students learn basic logic and programming concepts prior to moving into object-oriented and GUI programming. The content incorporates a wide variety of problems with various levels of difficulty and covers many application areas to engage and motivate students.

From a review of the Second Edition
'If you are new to the field and want to know what "all this Verilog stuff is about," you've found the golden goose. The text here is straight forward, complete, and example rich -mega-multi-kudos to the author James Lee. Though not as detailed as the Verilog reference guides from Cadence, it likewise doesn't suffer from the excessive abstractness those make you wade through. This is a quick and easy read, and will serve as a desktop reference for as long as Verilog lives. Best testimonial: I'm buying my fourth and fifth copies tonight (I've loaned out/lost two of my others).'
Zach Coombes, AMD

'Visual Languages for Interactive Computing' presents problems and methodologies related to the syntax, semantics, and ambiguities of visual languages.

Object-Z is an object-oriented extension of the formal specification language Z. It adds to Z notions of classes and objects, and inheritance and polymorphism. By extending Z's semantic basis, it enables the specification of systems as collections of independent objects in which self and mutual referencing are possible. The Object-Z Specification Language presents a comprehensive description of Object-Z including discussions of semantic issues, definitions of all language constructs, type rules and other rules of usage, specification guidelines, and a full concrete syntax. It will enable you to confidently construct Object-Z specifications and is intended as a reference manual to keep by your side as you use and learn to use Object-Z. The Object-Z Specification Language is suitable as a textbook or as a secondary text for a graduate-level course, and as a reference for researchers and practitioners in industry.

The Verilog hardware description language provides the ability to describe digital and analog systems for design concepts and implementation. It was developed originally at Gateway Design and implemented there. Now it is an open standard of IEEE and Open Verilog International and is supported by many tools and processes. The Complete Verilog Book introduces the language and describes it in a comprehensive manner. In The Complete Verilog Book, each feature of the language is described using semantic introduction, syntax and examples. A chapter on semantics explains the basic concepts and algorithms that form the basis of every evaluation and every sequence of evaluations that ultimately provides the meaning or full semantics of the language. The Complete Verilog Book takes the approach that Verilog is not only a simulation language or a synthesis language or a formal method of describing design, but is a totality of all these and covers many aspects not covered before but which are essential parts of any design process using Verilog. The Complete Verilog Book starts with a tutorial introduction. It explains the data types in Verilog HDL, as the object-oriented world knows that the language-constructs and data types are equally important parts of a language. The Complete Verilog Book explains the three views, behavioral, RTL and structural and then describes features in each of these views. The Complete Verilog Book keeps the reader abreast of current developments in the Verilog world such as Verilog-A, cycle simulation, SD, and DCL, and uses IEEE 1364 syntax. The Complete Verilog Book will be useful to all those who want to learn Verilog HDL and to explore its various facets.