Completely up-to-date
coverage of water treatment
facility design and operation

This Second Edition of Susumu Kawamura’s landmark volume offers comprehensive coverage of water treatment facility design, from the basic principles to the latest innovations. It covers a broad spectrum of water treatment process designs in detail and offers clear guidelines on how to choose the unit, process, and equipment that will maximize overall efficiency and minimize maintenance costs. This book also explores many important operational issues that affect today’s plant operators and facility designers.

This new edition introduces several new subjects, including value engineering, watershed management, dissolved air flotation process, filtered reservoir (clearwell) design, and electrical system design. It provides expanded and updated coverage of objectives for finished water quality, instrumentation and control, disinfection process, ozonation, disinfection by-product control, the GAC process, and the membrane filtration process. Other important features of this Second Edition include:

• Practical guidance on the design of every water treatment plant component
• New information on plant layout, cost estimation, sedimentation issues, and more
• English and SI units throughout
• Help in designing for compliance with water treatment-related government regulations

Supplemented with hundreds of illustrations, charts, and tables, Integrated Design and Operation of Water Treatment Facilities, Second Edition is an indispensable, hands-on resource for civil engineers and managers, whether working on new facilities or redesigning and rebuilding existing facilities.

This book treats the problem of transient hydraulic computation, for hydroelectric plants and pumping stations, with an emphasis on numerical methods. The topics covered include: the waterhammer in hydraulic systems under pressure; experimental results concerning the waterhammer; protection of pumping stations with reference to the waterhammer; hydraulic resonance in hydroelectric power plant and pumping stations; mass oscillation in hydraulic surge systems; hydraulic stability of systems endowed with surge tanks; experimental results in the study of mass oscillations; hydroelectric power plants and pumping stations designed in complex hydraulic schemes; and computation of unsteady motions in the intermediate domain between rapid and slow motions. This book is not a standard monograph based on previously published material, but is primarily grounded on the theoretical and applied results obtained by authors during more than 20 years of practice. It considers the problems of hydraulic computation as encountered in the design of a significant number of hydroelectric power plants and pumping stations in Romania.

The books currently available on this subject contain some elements of physical-chemical treatment of water and wastewater but fall short of giving comprehensive and authoritative coverage. They contain some equations that are not substantiated, offering empirical data based on assumptions that are therefore difficult to comprehend. This text brings together the information previously scattered in several books and adds the knowledge from the author's lectures on wastewater engineering.

Physical-Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater is not only descriptive but is also analytical in nature. The work covers the physical unit operations and unit processes utilized in the treatment of water and wastewater. Its organization is designed to match the major processes and its approach is mathematical. The authors stress the description and derivation of processes and process parameters in mathematical terms, which can then be generalized into diverse empirical situations. Each chapter includes design equations, definitions of symbols, a glossary of terms, and worked examples.

One author is an environmental engineer and a professor for over 12 years and the other has been in the practice of environmental engineering for more than 20 years. They offer a sound analytical mathematical foundation and description of processes. Physical-Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater fills a niche as the only dedicated textbook in the area of physical and chemical methods, providing an analytical approach applicable to a range of empirical situations

The Ural river, the third longest river in Europe, is a unique ecosystem. Unlike other large European rivers the river has not been regulated and the natural hydrological regime is still intact. Thanks to that it has the only remaining spawning habitats in the entire Caspian basin for all sturgeon species. Nevertheless, this fact is not well known to the broader scientific and environmental communities.

The Ural river is also an interesting place due to its rich history of sustainable use of aquatic resources in general and sturgeons in particular. The traditional life style of the local communities, Ural Cossacks, was focused on the preservation and rational use of sturgeon species. This interesting experience of sustainable river-related management is not adequately reported in literature.

To secure further Ural sturgeon preservation the river basin ecosystem and human activities in the region must be managed in an integrated sustainable manner. The sturgeon species can be used as a natural indicator and an incentive for such transboundary IWRM cooperation taking into account all three components of sustainable development: economic, social and environmental. To secure basin IWRM and sturgeon stock restoration the International Ural Sturgeon Park should be established. The role of the Park will be to secure the natural reproduction in the Ural as the primary strategy for the sturgeon stock replenishment. The Ural River Basin Project, which aims at the creation of such a Park, was launched in 2007. This volume is devoted to the uniqueness, history and problems of the Ural river basin, its sturgeons and perspectives of their conservation.

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy, and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications.

A stand-alone working document, Stormwater Effects Handbook: A Toolbox for Watershed Managers, Scientists, and Engineers assists scientists and regulators in determining when stormwater runoff causes adverse effects in receiving waters. This complicated task requires an integrated assessment approach that focuses on sampling before, during, and after storms. The Handbook supplies assessment strategies, sample testing and collection methods, and includes illustrative figures and tables.

The authors introduce an innovative design that can be tailored to address a wide range of environmental concerns, such as: ecological and human health risk assessments, water quality or biological criteria exceedences, use impairment, source identification, trend analysis, determination of best management practices, stormwater quality monitoring for NPDES Phase I and II permits and applications, and total maximum daily load assessments. They provide case studies to illustrate the effectiveness of this approach and the data that can be compiled.

Containing reviews of emerging technologies that hold promise for more effective receiving water evaluations, this book gives you detailed information on selecting methods and carrying out comprehensive evaluations. It includes guidance for the experimental design measurements, as well as standard and advanced statistical methods for data evaluations. Despite the complexity of stormwater management, successful and accurate assessments of their impact are possible by following the integrated approaches described in Stormwater Effects Handbook: A Toolbox for Watershed Managers, Scientists, and Engineers.

Emerging Membrane Technology for Sustainable Water Treatment provides the latest information on the impending crisis posed by water stress and poor sanitation, a timely issue that is one of the greatest human challenges of the 21st century. The book also discusses the use of membrane technology, a serious contender that can be used to confront the crisis on a global scale, along with its specific uses as a solution to this escalating problem.

Reliable methods to predict membrane scaling and fouling are important tools in the control of these phenomena. This dissertation focuses on the development and application of methods to predict and prevent barium sulphate scaling and particulate fouling in membrane filtration systems.

Addressing the techno-socio-economic challenges involved in the protection, conservation, recycling and equitable utilization of water as an economic good, this text explores the linkages and dynamics of interactions involving water, and includes the following key topic areas: dynamics of interactions involving water; water quality; augmentation and conservation of water resources; wastewater reuse systems; use of water in agriculture; industrial and municipal uses of water; water pollution; economics and management of water supplies; etiology of water-related diseases; climate change impacts on water resources and paradigms of water resource management.

This book presents advanced photocatalytic technologies for wastewater treatment. The fabrication, surface modification, roles and mechanisms of green catalysts are detailed. The catalysts include nanostructured catalysts, semiconductors, metal and non-metal doped catalysts, surface plasmon materials, graphene oxide-based materials, polymer-based composite materials, heterogenous type I and type II catalysts.

Carbonate aquifers are an important source of water throughout the world. They are complicated systems and not always easy to interpret. Caves and channels form in the rock, leading to complex flow pathways and unpredictable contaminant behaviour. This volume covers the range of techniques used to analyse groundwater flow and contaminant transport in carbonate aquifers. The book opens with a review of thoughts and methods, and continues by discussing the use of tracers, hydrograph and hydrochemograph evaluation, estimation of aquifer properties from outcrop studies, numerical simulation, analogue simulation, and 3-D visualization of conduits. Other papers address the critical evaluation of matrix, fracture and conduit components of flow and storage. An understanding of these approaches is important to engineers or hydrogeologists working in carbonate aquifers.

In an exhaustive compilation of current knowledge, Wastewater Treatment covers subjects that run the gamut from wastewater sources, characteristics, and monitoring to chemical treatments and nutrient removal. Thoroughly examining basic and advanced topics, this resource has it all.
The wealth of easy-to-use tables and illustrations provides quick and clear references, making it indispensable. Schematic drawings of equipment and devices explain the technology and techniques. With the level of detail included, you can count on finding both introductory material and very technical answers to complex questions.
It's seamless style clearly delineates what can and must be done to continue to improve the quality of our water. Wastewater Treatment is a valuable resource; appropriate for engineers and students but readable enough for anyone interested in the discipline.

This volume presents a critical analysis and timely synthesis of the past decade of intensive research, development, and demonstrations on the in situ bioremediation of perchlorate in groundwater. The intended audiences include the decision makers, practicing engineers and hydrogeologists who will select, design, and operate these remedial systems, as well as researchers seeking to improve the current state-of-the-art. Our hope is that this volume will serve as a useful resource to assist remediation professionals in applying and developing the technology as effectively as possible. An overview of the current state-of-understanding of perchlorate remediation is followed by a discussion of basic principles of microbial and abiotic processes, and of the engineering and implementation issues underlying the technologies described. Characterization of both anthropogenic and natural sources of perchlorate, including isotopic analysis to distinguish between differing sources, precedes discussions of the advantages, performance, and relative costs of applying a range of remedial technologies. Active, semi-passive, and passive in situ bioremediation are fully described and compared with emphasis on field application. Cost information for each technology, using case studies and analyses of several template sites, covers capital costs, as well as costs for laboratory testing, pilot-scale demonstration, design, system operation, monitoring and maintenance during operations, and demolition and restoration after remediation. In addition, analogous cost data are presented for pump-and-treat systems for each template site to illustrate the potential cost savings associated with the use of alternative approaches. Emerging technologies such as monitored natural attenuation, phytoremediation, and vadose zone bioremediation are described, and field demonstrations are used to illustrate the current stage of maturity and the potential applicability of these approaches for specific situations. Each chapter in this volume has been thoroughly reviewed for technical content by one or more experts in each subject area covered.

Industrial Waste Treatment Process Engineering includes design principles applicable to municipal systems with significant industrial influents. The information presented in these volumes is basic to conventional treatment procedures, while allowing evaluation and implementation of specialized and emerging treatment technologies.
What makes Industrial Waste Treatment Process Engineering unique is the level of process engineering detail. The facility evaluation section includes a step-by-step review of each major and support manufacturing operation, identifying probable contaminant discharges, practical prevention measures, and point source control procedures. This theoretical plant review is followed by procedures to conduct a site specific pollution control program. The unit operation chapters contain all the details needed to complete a treatment process design.

Approx.380 pages

Hands-On Maintenance for Water/Wastewater Equipment deals with equipment maintenance as individual components, not as complete machines. This allows more information about the design, application and maintenance requirements of machinery to be presented. The text covers basic operating characteristics of machinery components, making it a valuable reference source as well as a training and maintenance manual. Written in easy-to-understand language, without complex formulas or technical theories, this text provides you with basic information to help you acquire a general understanding of how components function and how to keep equipment operating properly.

This text covers the proceedings of the third International Symposium - TISAR 98, held in Amsterdam. Topics include: basin recharge; water management in arid regions; behaviour of pollutants; bank, basin, well and other types of recharge; and storage and recovery efficiency.

FROM THE PREFACE Wastewater collection systems are dynamic, not static. There is no single maintenance method, equipment, or technique that works best. Keeping an open mind, trying new techniques and technologies benefits sewer system operators. No two collection systems are alike. Maintenance staffing, skill levels, equipment, budgets, age and complexity of the system make each agency unique. However, collection systems do have many traits and problems in common. Based on inventory and analysis, problems are identified. Defects may then be prioritized, and corrective maintenance operations put into effect. Preventive maintenance techniques can be applied to all collection systems. Preventive maintenance is cost-effective; it strives to prevent problems from occurring rather than reacting to difficult situations and "putting out fires." This book examines problems shared by all agencies: roots, grease, deterioration, hydraulic inefficiencies and structural defects. New solutions to age-old problems are applied: TV inspection and video interpretation, rehabilitation analysis and trenchless technologies. Computerized maintenance management and GIS softwares are discussed. Jetting, line cleaning and exciting developments in nozzle technology are included. Roots and chemical root control foam, wastewater control and grease are major topics as well. Wastewater Collection System Maintenance shares insights drawn from operator experience, trial and error, successes and failures in the field, interviews and years of research and studies. A user-friendly rating and evaluation system is explained and applied to field conditions. Equipment operation and maintenance, and "tricks of the trade" are also discussed. As cities grow, new systems are extended upstream from older sewers. Many of these core drainage basins are now under capacity and in need of capital improvement projects. There are approximately 600,000 miles of sanitary sewers in the country. Nationwide, there exists a huge backlog of sewer pipes that need rehabilitation. Replacement would cost many billions of dollars. Maintenance operators are entrusted with the care and feeding of an aging sewer infrastructure.

This text provides an account of the nature and applications of the Coliform Index. Since the beginning of the 20th century, indicator organisms, in particular the coliform group, have been used to ensure the microbial quality of drinking water. World-wide legislation to protect consumers is based on these out-dated and unreliable tests and while there is considerable concern among scientists over their use, the water industry and regulators continue to place near total reliance on the Coliform Index. This has serious implications for public health and necessitates the debate which this book enters.

Freshwater is a finite resource as essential to agriculture and industry as it is to basic human existence. Water quality monitoring is a fundamental tool in the management of freshwater resources, and this book explores the monitoring operation. The book highlights the impact of human activity on water resources - both surface and groundwater; provides a general protocol for the design and implementation of a monitoring programme; provides detailed sampling and analytical methods; and explains the detection and monitoring of trends in the water environment. The book provides a basis for designing and implementing water quality monitoring programmes and studies of the impact of human activities on water bodies. It brings together information on proven methods and thus should be useful for anyone concerned with water quality monitoring a scientific, managerial or engineering background, including field staff. An overview of the principles underlying hydrological, chemical, biological and sediment measurements together with their importance and relevance to water quality monitoring is also included.

Many areas of the world are arid or semi-arid. This text looks at the problems caused by the loss of water stored in lakes and reservoirs for irrigation and domestic use by evaporation during the summer months.

This comprehensive reference provides thorough coverage of water and wastewater reclamation and reuse. It begins with an introductory chapter covering the fundamentals, basic principles, and concepts. Next, drinking water and treated wastewater criteria, guidelines, and standards for the United States, Europe and the World Health Organization (WHO) are presented. Chapter 3 provides the physical, chemical, biological, and bacteriological characteristics, as well as the radioactive and rheological properties, of water and wastewater. The next chapter discusses the health aspects and removal treatment processes of microbial, chemical, and radiological constituents found in reclaimed wastewater. Chapter 5 discusses the various wastewater treatment processes and sludge treatment and disposal. Risk assessment is covered in chapter 6. The next three chapters cover the economics, monitoring (sampling and analysis), and legal aspects of wastewater reclamation and reuse.
This practical handbook also presents real-world case studies, as well as sources of information for research, potential sources for research funds, and information on current research projects. Each chapter includes an introduction, end-of-chapter problems, and references, making this comprehensive text/reference useful to both students and professionals.

Potassium chloride is a logical alternative to sodium chloride in water softening. Water Softening with Potassium Chloride provides a thorough overview of the process, the equipment, and the techniques used. Then it compiles diverse trade and technical data on water softening with potassium chloride so readers can make informed decisions. It documents the health and environmental consequences and benefits of using potassium chloride and includes a chapter with summaries of recent research projects and FAQs. This is a key reference for professional water treatment specialists, environmental science researchers, and others.

Water Quality Hazards and Dispersion of Pollutants contains invited contributions dealing with various aspects of water quality in rivers. Water quality is influenced by many processes, the understanding of which are still far from being conclusive. Therefore, particular emphasis was put on the physics of the processes and the methods of athematical modeling of them. The book provides twelve comprehensive papers dealing with the recognition, description and modeling of physical, chemical and biological processes governing the fate of pollutants in an aquatic environment. The volume contains only papers written by invited contributors, active researchers and leading experts in the field from European countries.