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Books > Philosophy > General
Robin Raybould's Hieroglyph, Emblem and Renaissance Pictography is
the first English translation of Ludwig Volkmann's Bilderschriften
der Renaissance, the classic text which promoted the symbol as a
defining cultural and literary characteristic of early modern
Europe. Volkmann enumerates and describes many of the works which
illustrated the contemporary obsession with hieroglyph, emblem and
device, particularly those from France and Germany, thus
complementing Karl Giehlow's earlier Hieroglyphenkunde on the
subject. Volkmann's book highlights both Renaissance theories of
the image as language and the symbol as an aid to an understanding
of the meaning of life and the nature of God. Raybould's
translation has been described as elegant, admirable and impeccable
and includes an introduction, extensive notes and several
additional essays on topics relevant to the field.
Public Opinion is Walter Lippmann's groundbreaking work which
demonstrates how individual beliefs are swayed by stereotypes, the
mass media, and political propaganda. The book opens with the
notion that democracy in the age of super fast communications is
obsolete. He analyses the impact of several phenomena, such as the
radio and newspapers, to support his criticisms of the
sociopolitical situation as it stands. He famously coins the term
'manufactured consent', for the fomenting of views which ultimately
work against the interests of those who hold them. Lippmann
contends that owing to the masses of information flung at the
population on a daily basis, opinions regarding entire groups in
society are being reduced to simple stereotypes. The actual
complexity and nuance of life, Lippmann contends, is undermined by
the ever-faster modes of communication appearing regularly.
Thorstein Veblen's groundbreaking treatise upon the evolution of
the affluent classes of society traces the development of
conspicuous consumption from the feudal Middle Ages to the end of
the 19th century. Beginning with the end of the Dark Ages, Veblen
examines the evolution of the hierarchical social structures. How
they incrementally evolved and influenced the overall picture of
human society is discussed. Veblen believed that the human social
order was immensely unequal and stratified, to the point where vast
amounts of merit are consequently ignored and wasted. Veblen draws
comparisons between industrialization and the advancement of
production and the exploitation and domination of labor, which he
considered analogous to a barbarian conquest happening from within
society. The heavier and harder labor falls to the lower members of
the order, while the light work is accomplished by the owners of
capital: the leisure class.
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