This book explores the effect of the judiciary on the incidence of post-election violence by political actors across Africa and within African countries. It examines how variation in judicial independence can constrain or incentivize election violence among democratizing states. Using case studies and cross-national analysis, the book shows that variation in levels of judicial independence from a non-independent judiciary to a quasi-independent judiciary or from a fully independent judiciary to quasi-independent judiciary increases the likelihood of strategic use of post-election violence by non-state actors. However, the likelihood of post-election violence is significantly reduced in non-independent judiciaries or once countries' judiciaries become fully independent. The author makes the theoretical argument that, within unconsolidated states, non-state actors that view the judiciary as semi-independent are more likely to engage in post-election violence with the purpose of creating political and professional uncertainty in order to influence assertive behaviour from judges in disputed elections. Consequently, the book argues that semi-independent judiciaries or judiciaries that are neither fully controlled by the incumbent nor fully independent from the incumbent can help explain post-election violence among unconsolidated states, all else being equal. This book will be of interest to scholars of election violence, democratic politics, law and politics and African politics.

Impoverishment and Asylum argues that a shift has taken place in recent decades towards construing asylum as primarily a political and/or humanitarian phenomenon, to construing it as primarily an economic phenomenon, and that this shift has had led to the purposeful impoverishment, by the state, of people seeking asylum in the UK. This shift has far-reaching consequences for people seeking asylum, who have been systematically impoverished as part of the effort to strip out any possibility of an economic pull factor leading to more arrivals, but also for those administering their support system, and for civil society organisations and groups who seek to ameliorate the worst effects of the resulting asylum regimes. This book argues that within this context asylum support policies in the UK which are meant to help and protect, in fact do serious harm to their recipients. It argues that the shift from construing asylum seekers as economically, rather than politically, motivated migrants across the West, is part of a much broader set of historical and philosophical worldviews than has previously been articulated. The book offers a rigorously researched and richly theorised analysis drawing on postcolonial and decolonial perspectives in making sense of the purposeful impoverishment by the state of a particular group of people, and why this continues to be tolerated in the fourth richest country in the world.

The Concise Industrial Flow Measurement Handbook: A Definitive Practical Guide covers the complete range of modern flow measuring technologies and represents 40 years of experiential knowledge within a wide variety of industries, and from more than 5000 technicians and engineers who have attended the author's workshops. This book covers all the current technologies in flow measurement, including high accuracy Coriolis, ultrasonic custody transfer, and high accuracy magnetic flowmeters. The book also discusses flow proving and limitations of different proving methods. This volume contains over 300 explanatory drawings and graphs and is presented in a form suitable for both the beginner, with no prior knowledge of the subject, as well as the more advanced specialist. This book is aimed at professionals in the field, including chemical engineers, process engineers, instrumentation and control engineers, and mechanical engineers.

This book examines how Europe-wide issues - such as immigration, cross-national redistribution and further European integration - have reshaped electoral democracy and party competition across Europe. After decades of scholars and commentators bemoaning the limited politicization of the EU nationally, European issues have come to dominate domestic electoral politics. From the Eurozone crisis to the struggle of dealing with growing numbers of migrants and refugees entering Europe, EU-wide issues now occupy a salient part of the domestic political debate. This book examines what drives public opinion towards some of the key Europe-wide issues of the day and how these EU issues shapes electoral behaviour and party competition. It brings together leading scholars from different fields to explore what shapes preferences towards Europe-wide policy issues, how they influence electoral behaviour and party fortunes and what the implications are for the quality of European democracy. Overall, this book deepens our understanding of the state of European democracy domestically in an era in which national and Europe-wide problems and policy solutions are inextricably linked. The chapters in this book were originally published in the Journal of European Public Policy.

Regulation has been stimulated by industrialization and particularly by the advent of the consumer economy. The book draws on international scholarship in sociology, political science, law, and economics on the working and regulation, both public and private, in many areas of business to map the reality of regulation, and to identify why it sometimes fails and how it can succeed.

The author compares the legal system in three European countries: Germany, England and France, addressing the legitimacy of the prohibition on religious symbols in public education. For assessment of the legal position of the right to religious freedom and the safeguard offered to religious rights in the different states, the author analyzed the following parameters: state-church relations, identification of unique and central constitutional norms and principles, observation of the historical role and position of religion in the educational system of each of the states and a review of case laws delivered by domestic courts. Finally, the author considered the possibility of a unified, aligned European solution that will be enforceable on the member states by virtue of their obligation to abide by the European Convention on Human Rights.

The ability to communicate effectively is one of the most important life skills a person can possess. It can pave the way to success, not only in terms of career but also in every other aspect of life where communication plays a role. 

Advanced communication skills focuses on essential communication skills and competencies for all aspects of the world of work. Advanced communication skills takes an integrated theory and practical approach to learning. It is designed to foster workplace communication in order to benefit interpersonal relationships, which in turn leads to personal enrichment, greater job satisfaction and increased productivity. The final chapter contains a selection of case studies with questions to assist in the evaluation of communication skills.

Advanced communication skills is aimed at managers, personal assistants, professional secretaries and all those studying towards certificates, diplomas or degrees in colleges and universities. It fully covers the syllabus for Communication N5/N6 at technical and vocational education and training colleges, and will prepare students for the national examinations in these subjects.

Explores how policing students and police officers might apply theory to tackle dilemmas demonstrated through true to life scenarios. Relevant for those undertaking the Professional Policing degree, Apprenticeships or the Degree Holder Entry Programme, as well as their academic and work-based educators, it examines the complexities faced on a daily basis by frontline officers.  A range of fictional realistic case studies are presented in order to highlight contemporary challenges in the modern policing landscape. These are unpicked through discussion and reflective questions, exploring how decisions are made based on theoretical understanding and practical considerations in context. Key themes within these scenarios include procedural justice, legitimacy, organisational culture, prioritisation of workload, objectivity and neutrality, human rights and values. The book provides students and their educators with the opportunities to discuss policing dilemmas and decision-making in a safe space.

What does it mean to be a citizen of a democracy today? This book challenges us to re- evaluate and ultimately reorient our state- based conception of democratic citizenship in order to meaningfully account for the context in which it is lived: a globalised, deeply interconnected, and deeply unjust world. Hobden argues for a new conception of citizenship that is state- based, but globally oriented. The book presents a new account of collective responsibility that includes responsibility for a wider range of collective outcomes. Drawing upon this account, Hobden argues that citizens can be held collectively morally responsible for the acts of their state, both domestically and internationally. The book explores how this conception of citizenship, with its attendant collective responsibility, can speak to citizens of today: those experiencing the costs of inequality and oppression; those living under semi- and newly democratic regimes; and those living as non- citizen residents. It encourages an active citizenship and presents innovative channels of participation, with discussions on civic education in the media and political consumerism. Offering a new lens on citizenship in a global context, this book will be of great interest to scholars and students of political theory, global justice, citizenship, democratic theory, and collective responsibility.

A young African geologist who must contend with the physical demands of a year-long tunnel digging project and the prejudices and hostilities that come with being a woman in a field dominated by men is the focus of this fascinating novel. Sent to work on a new Lesotho Highlands Water Scheme in Southern Africa, Robyn knows from the moment she arrives that it was a mistake to accept a position there. Though she is an experienced field geologist, she struggles to adapt to the physical and emotional challenges posed by the project. After a year surviving derailments, cave-ins, and flooding, Robyn leaves the tunnel project to work on various assignments that take her to vastly different locations in South Africa and Namibia. Her passion for her job and an unexpected fondness for the locals she meets guide her through her most difficult assignments. Providing insight into the daily life and work of geologist, this novel also paints a vivid picture of the Southern African landscape.

Today's changed education landscape demands leaders who will provide society with capable South Africans who are able to fulfil their life-roles as citizens and as productive, well-adjusted human beings. An educator's guide to school management skills aims at providing education leaders and managers with practical, school-based directives. This title focuses on four particularly relevant aspects in our schools today: How to develop excellence in schools; leadership and management skills; motivational skills; current school management issues (i.e. effective teaching personnel; management of information and time; school's finances; managing of the instructional programme; community involvement; legal aspects of employment; and gender equity).

The son of civic-minded immigrant parents, Ralph Nader was taught from an early age to appreciate the citizen's role in a democracy. For over four decades, Nader has dedicated his life to challenging government and industrial practices—from protecting the environment and battling for consumer and automotive safety to blowing the whistle on corporate corruption. In spite of Congressional distaste for Nader, he has sought the presidency three times, most recently in 2004. His work has inspired countless others to follow his example, and many foundations he established and financed continue to challenge corporate, industrial, and government policies. Marcello has captured the public and private Nader in a biography that will intrigue students and general readers. Written with the cooperation of his family, it provides original insight into an icon. The book includes a timeline of his life and achievements.

"Computer Power and Legal Language" explores the central issues involved in the use of computers to conduct legal business. The contributors, all experts in their field, take as their starting point fundamental questions about the potential utility of computational models of linguistics, intelligence, and logic in the law: Is it possible to use computing to communicate in the manner legal experts do? Can legal language be represented in computational form? How does natural language serve as both a bridge and a major stumbling block for the communication of concepts--both among jurists and computers? In answering these and other questions regarding computers in the law, the contributors present the results of research on the cutting edge of legal informatics, expert systems, and legal language, and they introduce important new applications of computers for lawyers.

Walter begins with an introductory chapter on the ways language is used in law. Subsequent chapters address a wide range of concerns: the relationship between precision in meaning and open texture in legal writing; the application of logic programming to law; a semantic representation of pre-contractual and contractual verbs of exchange; the use of CCLIPS, a computer program that reads and understands the Louisiana civil code; the interface between human users and legal information retrieval systems; and more. A state-of-the-art contribution to current research in the field, this book offers a much-needed synthesis of current theory and practice regarding computers and legal language.

In this book one of the longest-standing members of The Venice Commission reflects on the work of the institution to show how constitutional law in Europe (and beyond) has become increasingly borderless. Over nine chapters, the book tracks the work of the Commission, illustrating the law both in action and in its broader political and historical context. It looks at its treatment of the judiciary and judicial conflicts, including the present crisis of the rule of law in Central Eastern Europe Member States of the European Union. Finally it suggests how all this can only be sensibly understood as a feature of the broader trend towards the internationalisation of constitutional law.

In Gif vind die geheime patrone van die natuur neerslag in die mens se persoonlike stryd om oorlewing en begrip. Die hoofkarakter in hierdie roman gaan 'n weddenskap van 'n honderdduisend rand aan vir 'n wedren te perd oor 'n honderd myl; sonder reels, sonder beperkinge. Gaandeweg word dit duidelik: gif kan net met gif besweer word.

"Parenting Coordination" is a child-centered process for conflicted divorced and divorcing parents. The Parenting Coordinator (PC) makes decisions to help high-conflict parents who cannot agree to parenting decisions on their own. This professional text serves as a training manual for use in all states and provinces which utilize "Parenting Coordination," addressing the intervention process and the science that supports it.

The text offers up-to-date research, a practical guide for training, service provision, and references to relevant research for quality parenting coordination practice. Specifically, this book describes the integrated model of "Parenting Coordination," including the Parent Coordinator's professional role, responsibilities, protocol for service, and ethical guidelines.

What does it mean to be a citizen of a democracy today? This book challenges us to re- evaluate and ultimately reorient our state- based conception of democratic citizenship in order to meaningfully account for the context in which it is lived: a globalised, deeply interconnected, and deeply unjust world. Hobden argues for a new conception of citizenship that is state- based, but globally oriented. The book presents a new account of collective responsibility that includes responsibility for a wider range of collective outcomes. Drawing upon this account, Hobden argues that citizens can be held collectively morally responsible for the acts of their state, both domestically and internationally. The book explores how this conception of citizenship, with its attendant collective responsibility, can speak to citizens of today: those experiencing the costs of inequality and oppression; those living under semi- and newly democratic regimes; and those living as non- citizen residents. It encourages an active citizenship and presents innovative channels of participation, with discussions on civic education in the media and political consumerism. Offering a new lens on citizenship in a global context, this book will be of great interest to scholars and students of political theory, global justice, citizenship, democratic theory, and collective responsibility.

Outeur en historikus Karel Schoeman skets in hierdie werk 'n lewende beeld van Susanna Smit: nie net van haar persoonlike wedervarings nie, maar ook die agtergrond waarteen haar lewe afgespeel het: die onrustige tyd aan die Oosgrens, Susanna se verbintenis met Bethelsdorp en die vroee werksaamhede van die Londense Sendinggenootskap, die Groot Trek en die opkoms en ondergang van die Republiek Natalia. Susanna Smit was die suster van die Trekkerleier Gert Maritz en die vrou van die Trekkerpredikant Erasmus Smit. Dit is aan haar dat die kreet "Liewer barrevoets oor die Drakensberge ..." (teen die Britse oorname van Natal) toegeskryf word. Susanna Smit was ook die skrywer van 'n omvangryke dagboek wat in sy behoue vorm die jare 1843-1851 dek en hoofsaaklik haar geestelike belewenisse vasle.

In recent years, Republicans and Democrats have drifted toward polarized immigration policy positions, forestalling congressional efforts at comprehensive reform. In this book Gary M. Reich helps explain why some states have enacted punitive policies toward their immigrant populations, while others have stepped up efforts to consider all immigrants as de facto citizens. Reich argues that state policies reflect differing immigrant communities across states. In states where large-scale immigration was a recent phenomenon, immigrants became an electorally-enticing target of restrictionist advocates within the Republican party. Conversely established immigrant communities steadily strengthened their ties to civic organizations and their role in Democratic electoral and legislative politics. Reich contends that these diverging demographic trends at the state level were central to the increasing partisan polarization surrounding immigration nationally. He concludes that immigration federalism at present suffers from an internal contradiction that proliferates conflict across all levels of government. As long as Congress is incapable of addressing the plight of unauthorized immigrants and establishing a consensus on immigration admissions, state policies inevitably expand legal uncertainty and partisan wrangling. The Politics of Immigration Across the United States will appeal to scholars and instructors in the fields of immigration policy, social policy, and state government and politics. The book will also encourage public policy practitioners to reflect critically on their work.

Aimed at the medical and dental student this manual presents a regional approach to anatomy which is in contrast to the systematic approach preferred by the health care sciences such as nursing, occupational therapy, and physiotherapy. The authors attempt to comply with the specific clinical needs of the medical and dental undergraduate student by concentrating on applicable clinical anatomy. The curriculum is presented on such a level that postgraduate students, who need to maintain a thorough overview in regions other than that of their specific speciality, will also benefit.

Explore M&A, in simple terms Mergers & Acquisitions For Dummies provides useful techniques and real-world advice for anyone involved with – or thinking of becoming involved with – transactional work. Whether you are a transactions pro, a service provider tangentially involved in transactions, or a student thinking of becoming an investment banker, this book will provide the insights and knowledge that will help you become successful. Business owners and executives will also find this book helpful, not only when they want to buy or sell a company, but if they want to learn more about what improves a company’s value. The evaluation process used by M&A professionals to transact a business sale is often quite different from the processes used by owners and executives to manage those businesses. In plain English terms that anyone can understand, this book details the step-by-step M&A process, describes different types of transactions, demonstrates various ways to structure a deal, defines methods to identify and contact targets, provides insights on how to finance transactions, reveals what helps and hurts a company’s valuation, offers negotiating tips, explains how to perform due diligence, analyzes the purchase agreement, and discloses methods to help ensure the combined companies are successfully integrated. If you’re getting involved with a merger or an acquisition, this book will help you gain a thorough understanding of what the heck is going on. Updates to this second edition include quality of earnings reports, representation and warranty insurance, how to hire investment bankers, changes to the offering documents, the rise of family offices, and the ubiquity of adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization) as a basis for valuation. Understand the merger and acquisition process in a simple, easy-to-understand manner Learn the nomenclature and terminology needed to talk and act like a player Determine how to hire the people who will help you conduct M&A deals Discover tips on how to successfully negotiate transactions Mergers & Acquisitions For Dummies is a great choice for business owners and executives, students, service providers, and anyone interested in M&A transactions.

Political Advocacy and American Politics provides a detailed explanation as to why citizens engage in interpersonal advocacy in the United States. Sean Richey and J. Benjamin Taylor eloquently show how the campaigns, social media, and personality and partisanship affect one's propensity for candidates, which often leads to arguments about politics. Using original qualitative, survey, and experimental studies, Richey and Taylor demonstrate the causes of political advocacy over time in the political environment and at the individual level. While some worry about the incivility in American politics, Richey and Taylor argue political talk, where conflict is common, is caused by high-activity democratic processes and normatively beneficial individual attributes. Furthermore, Richey and Taylor argue that advocacy-when conceptualized as a democratic "release valve"-is exactly the kind of conflict we might expect in a vibrant democracy. Political Advocacy and American Politics: Why People Fight So Often About Politics is ideal for university students and researchers, yet it is also accessible to any reader looking to learn more about the role campaigns and personal attributes play in the decision to advocate.

This book argues that it is time to step back and reassess the anti-corruption movement, which despite its many opportunities and great resources has ended up with a track record that is indifferent at best. Drawing on many years of experience and research, the authors critique many of the major strategies and tactics employed by anti-corruption actors, arguing that they have made the mistake of holding on to problematical assumptions, ideas, and strategies, rather than addressing the power imbalances that enable and sustain corruption. The book argues that progress against corruption is still possible but requires a focus on justice and fairness, considerable tolerance for political contention, and a willingness to stick with the reform cause over a very long process of thoroughgoing, sometimes discontinuous political change. Ultimately, the purpose of the book is not to tell people that they are doing things all wrong. Instead, the authors present new ways of thinking about familiar dilemmas of corruption, politics, contention, and reform. These valuable insights from two of the top thinkers in the field will be useful for policymakers, reform groups, grant-awarding bodies, academic researchers, NGO officers, and students.