This book examines the rapidly expanding EU agency's distinct role in EU border control, showing that Frontex is a prominent border control actor that reshapes the EU borders by promoting a new border control culture. Bringing culture into the analysis of Frontex, this book offers an alternative in-depth understanding of the agency's function, focusing on the production and diffusion of border control assumptions and practices within a border control community. Based on data drawn from primary research at Frontex and two EU external borders, namely Lampedusa and Evros, this book examines Frontex's contribution to the emergence of a new border control culture in Europe, replacing the pre-existing Schengen culture. Compared with the existing literature on Frontex, this novel account takes into consideration the evolving nature of borders and border control, discussing three contemporary challenges for the established border control regime: Brexit, the COVID-19 pandemic, and hard security preoccupations, such as the fall-out from the Russian invasion in Ukraine and the weaponisation of migration at the Greek-Turkish land border. Frontex and the Rising of a New Border Control Culture in Europe will appeal to scholars and students of border management, EU studies, migration, geography, international relations, and security, along with policymakers and practitioners with an interest in EU border control and Frontex.

The Unwritten Brazilian Constitution offers an unexplored topic outside Portuguese language: the leading cases on human rights in the Brazilian Supreme Court (Supremo Tribunal Federal – STF). The Brazilian Constitution of 1988 represents an institutional framework able to restructure the relationship between the powers after the military dictatorship. The constituents drafted the Brazilian Constitution in order to set an extensive system of judicial protection for fundamental rights, by means of several instruments that have strengthened access to the Judiciary. Because the Brazilian Constitution has an extensive list of fundamental rights, the STF was called to interpret them several times and it developed an unwritten understanding of these fundamental rights. These decisions are not available to the international community since they are not translated to English. Based on this gap, this original book illustrates the main rulings on human rights analyzed by great scholars in Brazil. The text presents a deep discussion regarding the characteristics of the cases and demonstrates how the STF has built the legal arguments to interpret the extension of the fundamental rights.

1. Interest in violence as a phenomenon stretches across criminology, sociology, political science and philosophy. This concise and engaging book would be compelling supplementary reading. 2. This book offers useful summaries of key thinking on violence across the social sciences.

Most librarians are unaware of the laws governing the retention of library records. In addition, librarians often assume that state confidentiality laws offer more protection than they, in fact, do. The proper management of library records is an important legal issue for all librarians. This professional reference work outlines laws regarding the retention and confidentiality of library records. Part I explains why some library records should be saved and not routinely discarded. It also explains why public record retention laws apply to library records, and it then examines the variety of laws state by state. Part II discusses the need for strong confidentiality laws and traces the evolution of current laws. It then examines the current status of state confidentiality laws and demonstrates their weaknesses. While librarians often believe that confidential records are privileged and may be destroyed at will, this book clearly explains that this is not the case.

From refugees fleeing wars or natural disasters to economic migrants pursuing better paid jobs abroad, international migration is an inescapable part of the modern world. Migration Between Nations: A Global Introduction provides a succinct and accessible overview of the varied types of migrants who cross national boundaries. Drawing upon a wide-ranging selection of case studies and the latest research findings, migration patterns and recent trends throughout the world are surveyed and summarized, with particular attention to movement from the global south to the global north. In a highly inter-disciplinary analysis, the social, cultural and economic integration of migrants and of their offspring in their new homelands are also explored. Employing approaches from a number of disciplines, the methods and techniques that researchers use to study various aspects of migration and integration are also explained. Migration Between Nations: A Global Introduction will be essential reading for students in a wide range of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences, including sociology, anthropology, ethnic studies, geography, global studies, history, and political science.

In addition to such topics as the theoretical foundation of orthopedagogics and diagnosis and assistance, the essentials of various developmental and learning problems experienced by children - including handicapped children - are discussed in depth. There is also a section on orthopedagogical research.

From refugees fleeing wars or natural disasters to economic migrants pursuing better paid jobs abroad, international migration is an inescapable part of the modern world. Migration Between Nations: A Global Introduction provides a succinct and accessible overview of the varied types of migrants who cross national boundaries. Drawing upon a wide-ranging selection of case studies and the latest research findings, migration patterns and recent trends throughout the world are surveyed and summarized, with particular attention to movement from the global south to the global north. In a highly inter-disciplinary analysis, the social, cultural and economic integration of migrants and of their offspring in their new homelands are also explored. Employing approaches from a number of disciplines, the methods and techniques that researchers use to study various aspects of migration and integration are also explained. Migration Between Nations: A Global Introduction will be essential reading for students in a wide range of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences, including sociology, anthropology, ethnic studies, geography, global studies, history, and political science.

From the author of The End of the World is Flat. The Terg wars are over. Now meet the Yerfs. 'Brilliant! Perfectly captures both the absurdity and horror of this madness' - Gareth Roberts When Tara Farrier returns to the UK after a long spell as an aid worker in war-torn Yemen, she’s hoping for a well-deserved rest. But a cultural battleground has emerged while she’s been away, and she’s unprepared for the sensitivities of her new colleagues at an international thinktank. A throwaway reference to volcanic activity millions of years ago gets her into hot water and she discovers she belongs to the group reviled by fashionable activists as ‘Young Earth Rejecting Fascists’, or ‘Yerfs’. Faster than she can say ‘Tyrannosaurus Rex’, she is at the centre of a gruelling legal drama. In the keenly awaited follow-up to his acclaimed The End of the World is Flat, Simon Edge stabs once again at modern crank beliefs and herd behaviour with stiletto-sharp satire.

This book applies the dynamic field of transitional justice to conflict resolution in Israel/Palestine. Around the globe, diverse societies have pursued truth-telling, restorative justice and reconciliation to end conflict -- yet the language of transitional justice has been all but absent in Israel/Palestine. This volume squarely addresses how transitional justice could contribute to conflict transformation and accountability, incorporating the questions of collective justice, memory, and human rights. It covers the most important historical and legal issues facing Israel/Palestine with a focus on civil societies in South Africa, Northern Ireland and Latin America. Ultimately, the book proposes an unofficial Israeli-Palestinian Truth and Empathy Commission (IPTEC) to address gross human rights abuses committed by both nations. Transitional Justice for Israel/Palestine will be of interest to researchers, NGOs, and policy makers working in transitional justice and societies with ongoing conflict.

The revised fourth edition of Migration Theory continues to offer a one-stop synthesis of contemporary thought on migration. Editors Caroline B. Brettell and James F. Hollifield remain committed to include coverage that is comparative and global in scope while enhancing similarities and differences between one academic field and the next. All chapters have been revised to highlight cutting-edge issues in the field of migration studies today. The fourth edition welcomes two new authors, Professors Marie Price and Francois Heran, to offer a fresh approach with their chapters on geography and demography, respectively. Designed for undergraduate and graduate courses in migration studies, a primary goal of the text is to assist instructors in guiding students who may have little background on migration, to understand important issues and the scientific debates. This ensures Migration Theory is a highly valuable guide not only to the perspectives of one's own discipline but also to those of cognate fields.

Writing an essay is rather like building a house. First, you need to have a carefully thought-out plan and a clear idea of how to use all the different tools and building materials. Of course, you also need to know what the finished project should look like. What are the conventions that other building contractors use? What does the home-owner expect? Only once you fully understand the basic principles of building are you able to put together, brick by brick, the four walls, a floor, a roof and the finishing touches, such as windows and doors. Much the same is true of writing an essay. You need to know the building regulations. You need to know what you are expected to build. You need to know the secrets and tricks of the trade. You need to practise. In this handbook, students - those who are about to write their first essay and those who have written numerous essays but who know that they are capable of obtaining better results - are guided along the basic principles of planning and building an essay that is well structured, clear and concise, and meets the high international standards required by tertiary educational institutions.

Chaos theory challenges the presumption that the cosmos is orderly, linear, and predictable-but it does not imply pure randomness and chance events. Rather, chaos-informed postmodernist analysis introduces a new vision by celebrating unexpected, surprise, ironic, contradictory, and emergent elements. Scholars in many disciplines are taking this perspective as an alternative to the entrenched structural functionalism and empiricism rooted in linear science. In the early 1990s studies began to emerge applying chaos theory to criminology, law, and social change. This book brings together some of the key thinkers in these areas. Part I situates chaos theory as a constitutive thread in contemporary critical thought in criminology and law. It seeks to provide the reader with a sensitivity to how chaos theory fits within the postmodern perspective and an understanding of its conceptual tools. Part II comprises chapters on applying the chaos perspective to critical criminology and law and, beyond, to peacemaking. Part III presents studies in chaos-informed perspectives on new social movement theory, social change, and the development of social justice. While the book emphasizes the usefulness of the conceptual tools of chaos theory in critical criminology and law, its ultimate goal goes beyond theory-building to provide vistas for understanding the contemporary social scene and for the development of the new just society.

This book explores contemporary Danish relations of colonial complicity in welfare work with newly arrived refugees (1978-2016) as recursive histories that reveal new shapes and shades of racism. Focussing on super- and subordination in helping relations of postcoloniality, the book displays the durability of coloniality and the workings of raceless racism in welfare work with refugees. Its main contribution is the excavation of stock stories of colour-blindness, potentialising and compassion, which help welfare workers invest in burying that which keeps haunting welfare work with refugees, i.e., modern ghosts of difference, docility and dignity. The book dismantles the global myth of the Danish benevolent, universalistic welfare state and it is of interest to every scholar and student, who wants to make inquiries about Danish exceptionalism and the hidden interaction between past and present, the visible and invisible in Danish welfare work with refugees.

This book critically challenges the usual territorial understanding of borders by examining the often messy internal, transborder, ambiguous, and in-between spaces that co-exist with traditional borders. By considering those less visible aspects of borders, the book develops an inclusive understanding of how contemporary borders are structured and how they influence human identity, mobility, and belonging. The introduction and conclusion provide theoretical and contextual framing, while chapters explore topics of global labor and refugees, unrecognized states, ethnic networks, cyberspace, transboundary resource conflicts, and indigenous and religious spaces that rarely register on conventional maps or commonplace understandings of territory. In the end, the volume demonstrates that, despite being "invisible" on most maps, these borders have a very real, material, and tangible presence and consequences for those people who live within, alongside, and across them.

Reformulating a problem of both constitutionalism and liberalism discussed in the works of Ernst-Wolfgang Boeckenfoerde, Hannah Arendt, and Alexis de Tocqueville, the book examines one generally overlooked manifestation of constitutionalism: the role of the courts in shaping democratic politics and the inter-relationship between citizens and state. Drawing on constitutional history, law, and political theory, David Miles argues that constitutionalism cannot be seen merely as an institutional mechanism to limit government, as it also has a crucial civic dimension upon which the liberal state depends. Utilising the works of Boeckenfoerde, Arendt, and Tocqueville, constitutionalism is conceived in the book as part of a broader system of communal norms which sustains representative democracy and liberalism. Through an analysis of judicial interventions in the electoral processes of the United States and Germany, Miles explores the role of civil society actors in transforming constitutionalism through legal challenges to oligarchical or exclusionary practices. He assesses how, in adjudicating these cases, the US Supreme Court and the German Constitutional Court have mediated the tension between threats to stability and the imperative of democratic renewal. Democracy, the Courts, and the Liberal State will be of interest to scholars, students, and practitioners interested in comparative politics, political theory, and constitutional law and history.

Diana Beck beschäftigt sich mit Qualifikationskonflikten, die sich durch Auslegung und Anwendung der Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen ergeben. Die Autorin systematisiert diese Qualifikationskonflikte und zeigt die Folgen auf, welche sich in einer nicht verhinderten Doppelbesteuerung oder in einer Minderbesteuerung konkretisieren. Schließlich entwickelt sie Lösungsvorschläge, um diesen Besteuerungsfolgen entgegenzuwirken.

This book examines significant clashes in First and Fourteenth Amendment issues in America. Any course in America that studies constitutional issues may benefit from focusing on a variety of issues raised in this book, including child torture and access to mandatory reporters, placing children into adoptive homes, prayer in public schools, religious tax exemptions, roadside memorials, military draft exemptions, access to contraceptive and family planning services, regulation of broadcast media, business exercises of religious freedom, issues in immigration detention, tribal sovereignty, and issues of political correctness and conspiracy theories. Whether you are studying these particular issues, reading the book in a legal studies course, or teaching a course in the First and/or Fourteenth Amendments, this book offers a way to dig into some of the most pressing issues in clashes between the rights as they are defined and negotiated in contemporary American life. The stakes are high as we navigate these clashes in doing the tough labor of democracy, both now and into the future.

This book examines significant clashes in First and Fourteenth Amendment issues in America. Any course in America that studies constitutional issues may benefit from focusing on a variety of issues raised in this book, including child torture and access to mandatory reporters, placing children into adoptive homes, prayer in public schools, religious tax exemptions, roadside memorials, military draft exemptions, access to contraceptive and family planning services, regulation of broadcast media, business exercises of religious freedom, issues in immigration detention, tribal sovereignty, and issues of political correctness and conspiracy theories. Whether you are studying these particular issues, reading the book in a legal studies course, or teaching a course in the First and/or Fourteenth Amendments, this book offers a way to dig into some of the most pressing issues in clashes between the rights as they are defined and negotiated in contemporary American life. The stakes are high as we navigate these clashes in doing the tough labor of democracy, both now and into the future.

This interdisciplinary book offers a new analysis of the concepts, spaces, and practices of activism that emerge under diverse authoritarian modes of governance in Asia. Demonstrating the limitations of existing conceptual approaches in accounting for activism in Asia, the book also offers new understandings of authoritarian governance practices and how these shape state-civil society relations. In conjunction with its tripartite theoretical framework, the book presents regional knowledge from an array of countries in Asia, with empirically rich contributions from both scholars and activists. Through in-depth case studies, the book offers new scholarly insights that highlight the ways in which activism emerges and is contested across Asia. As such, it will be of interest to students and scholars of Asian politics, law, and sociology.

In How Machines Came to Speak Jennifer Petersen constructs a genealogy of how legal conceptions of “speech� have transformed over the last century in response to new media technologies. Drawing on media and legal history, Petersen shows that the legal category of speech has varied considerably, evolving from a narrow category of oratory and print publication to a broad, abstract conception encompassing expressive nonverbal actions, algorithms, and data. She examines a series of pivotal US court cases in which new media technologies—such as phonographs, radio, film, and computer code—were integral to this shift. In judicial decisions ranging from the determination that silent films were not a form of speech to the expansion of speech rights to include algorithmic outputs, courts understood speech as mediated through technology. Speech thus became disarticulated from individual speakers. By outlining how legal definitions of speech are indelibly dependent on technology, Petersen demonstrates that future innovations such as artificial intelligence will continue to restructure speech law in ways that threaten to protect corporate and institutional forms of speech over the rights and interests of citizens.

Written by an eminent and original thinker in the philosophy of science, this book takes a fresh, unorthodox look at the key philosophical concepts and assumptions of the social sciences. Mario Bunge contends that social scientists (anthropologists, sociologists, political scientists, economists, and historians) ought not to leave philosophy to philosophers, who have little expertise in or knowledge of the social sciences. Bunge urges social scientists to engage in serious philosophizing and philosophers to participate in social research. The two fields are interrelated, he says, and important advances in each can supply tools for solving problems in the other. Bunge analyzes concepts that the fields of philosophy and social science share, such as fact, cause, and value. He discusses assumptions and misassumptions involved in such current approaches as idealism, materialism, and subjectivism, and finds that none of the best-known philosophies helps to advance or even understand social science. In a highly critical appraisal of rational choice theories, Bunge insists that these models provide no solid substantive theory of society, nor do they help guide rational action. He offers ten criteria by which to evaluate philosophies of social science and proposes novel solutions to social science's methodological and philosophical problems. He argues forcefully that a particular union of rationalism, realism, and systemism is the logical and viable philosophical stance for social science practitioners.