Includes an entirely new chapter on AI and GIS, including ontologies and the Semantic Web, knowledge representation (KR) and spatial reasoning, machine learning and spatial analysis, and neural networks and deep learning. Presents new material reflecting the advances made in cloud computing, stream computing, and sensor networks, as well as extensively revised and updated content on cartography, visualization, and interaction design. Connects the technology to the social aspects and implications of GIS, including privacy and fair information practices, FATE (fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics), and codes of conduct for responsible use of GIS. Integrates the necessary background to foundational areas, such as databases and data structures, algorithms and indexes, system architecture and AI, provided in context so readers new to those topics can still understand the concepts being discussed. Incorporates over 20 carefully explained spatial algorithms; over 60 inset boxes with in-depth material that enriches the central topics; and more than 300 color figures to support the reader in mastering key concepts. Welcomes a new coauthor, Qian (Chayn) Sun, to the third edition who brings her expertise in topics such as web mapping, cloud computing, critical geography, and machine learning with big spatial data.

Cet ouvrage traite des nouvelles fonctionnalités de MATLAB R2009, SIMULINK et STATEFLOW. Le premier chapitre permet la prise en main succincte de la plupart des fonctions MATLAB et SIMULINK. Tous les autres chapitres développent de façon approfondie les autres fonctionnalités du langage avec des applications du monde industriel (Régulation, Traitement de signal déterministe et aléatoire, Réseaux de neurones, etc.). L’ouvrage traite essentiellement MATLAB, SIMULINK et STATEFLOW, dont l’apprentissage se fait à travers des applications concrètes. Cet ouvrage s’adresse tant aux étudiants, scientifiques de l’industrie et des laboratoires de recherche ainsi qu’aux enseignants ainsi qu’aux chercheurs universitaires et industriels.

Service-orientierte Architektur: Modewort oder ernstzunehmende Entwicklung? Dieses Buch mochte den Mythos entzaubern, indem es die grundlegenden Aspekte und Eigenschaften erlautert, die hinter SOA und Web Services stecken.

Service-orientierte Architekturen mit Web Services wurde unter Beachtung der Anforderungen von Architekten und Entwicklern geschrieben. Es bietet sowohl fur IT-Experten und Manager als auch fur Studenten eine fundierte Basis. Ziel ist es, bleibende Grundlagen zu vermitteln es handelt sich daher nicht um ein Programmierhandbuch. Mochten Sie jedoch besser verstehen, was eine Service-orientierte Architektur ausmacht, wird Ihnen dieses Buch wertvolle Dienste" leisten.

Zunachst werden grundlegende Architekturuberlegungen und organisatorische Rahmenbedingungen betrachtet. Basis fur die folgenden Teile ist eine abstrakte Darstellung einer SOA. Es folgt eine Umsetzung auf Basis von Web Services. Im zweiten Teil werden die wesentlichen Basistechniken der Web Services wie die plattformunabhangige Schnittstellenbeschreibung konkretisiert. Der produktive Einsatz von Web Services erfordert jedoch weitere Anforderungen. Themen wie Sicherheit, Performance, Prozesse, Semantik, Transaktionen und Quality of Service werden deshalb im dritten Teil behandelt.

Stimmen zum Buch:

Nach dem Lesen des Buches sollte der Leser gut gerustet sein, aktiv an den Diskussionen uber Service-Orientierung im Allgemeinen und Web Services im Besonderen teilnehmen zu konnen. Das Buch vermittelt den notwendigen Hintergrund, um bei Bedarf die einzelnen Standards im Detail besser zu verstehen und deren Relevanz fur einen gegebenen Problembereich besser einschatzen zu konnen." Prof. Dr. Frank Leymann, Institut fur Architektur von Anwendungssystemen, Stuttgart

"Service-Orientierung und Web Services sind langst gangige Praxis geworden. Ein klares und fundiertes Verstandnis der zugrundeliegenden Konzepte ist fur einen produktiven Einsatz allerdings Voraussetzung - diese vierte Auflage des Buches leistet genau diese Vermittlung in vorbildlicher Art und Weise." Prof. Dr.-Ing. Stefan Tai, Universitat Karlsruhe"

This volume contains problems and solutions related to various well-known algorithms used in VLSI physical design automation. Dr. Lim believes that the best way to learn new algorithms is to walk through a small example by hand. This knowledge will greatly help understand, analyze, and improve some of the well-known algorithms. The author has designed and taught a graduate-level course on physical CAD for VLSI at Georgia Tech. Over the years he has written his homework with such a focus and has maintained typeset version of the solutions. It was then shared with other colleagues teaching physical CAD either as a sole theme or as a part of EDA (electronic design automation) class. Dr. Lim believes that physical design automation still remains as an exciting, highly rewarding field after its birth in the 1970s, and that students with motivation and skills are always in huge demand. His vision is to see the students realize that the learning curve is not so steep after all.

‘Hello Computer’ is a story of a working-class girl who begins a life-long love affair with technology after seeing a computer for the first time in 1967. Her journey takes us through exciting times and epic events, from the dawn of the internet to the dotcom boom, from punch cards to the raspberry pi and virtual worlds. Linda shares her experiences of computing through real life stories where systems are designed to make a difference to people’s lives. Demonstrating that although technology changes constantly, fundamentally, people don’t change that much. Against a backdrop of unspoken bias the story captures the struggles faced by many young women, then and now. It is positive, heart-warming and full of hope that women will become more influential within tech. A story of ambition, passion and programming, inspirational for future generations of women and girls in STEM.

Ada Lovelace, the daughter of Lord Byron was born in 1815 just after the Battle of Waterloo, and died aged 36, soon after the Great Exhibition of 1851. She was connected with some of the most influential and colourful characters of the age: Charles Dickens, Michael Faraday, Charles Darwin and Charles Babbage. It was her work with Babbage that led to her being credited with the invention of computer programming and to her name being adopted for the programming language that controls the US military machine. Ada personified the seismic historical changes taking place over her lifetime. This was the era when fissures began to open up in culture: romance split away from reason, instinct from intellect, art from science. Ada came to embody these new polarities and her life heralded a new era: the machine age. Reissued to coincide with the bicentenary of Ada's birth, The Bride of Science is a fascinating examination of an extraordinary life offering devastating insight into the seemingly unbridgeable gulf between art and science, the consequences of which are still with us today.

Discover over 40 of the best-loved video games from the 80s and 90s and relive those awesome moments from your childhood. Packed with creativity and charm, classic video games provide endless fun – one press of the power button and you’re instantly in pixelated paradise. But what are the ultimate games from this hallowed chapter in gaming history? Were you a Nintendo die-hard and Mario loyalist or seduced by Sonic and SEGA? Maybe you obsessed over GoldenEye or perhaps Tekken 3 on the Playstation was more your scene? Retro Games celebrates some of the most influential shoot-em-ups, platformers, role-players and more that ripped up the rule book for what we believed video games were capable of. It’s a must read for anyone who has fallen in love with this golden age of gaming. How many have you completed?

Nioh is brutal action game series from Team NINJA and Koei Tecmo Games. In the age of samurai, a lone traveler lands on the shores of Japan. He must fight his way through the vicious warriors and supernatural Yokai that infest the land in order to find that which he seeks. Nioh & Nioh 2: Official Artworks collects the fantastic artwork behind the challenging video game franchise. Included are character artwork, monster designs, key art, rough concepts and more! Plus, dive deep into the world of Nioh through detailed character profiles and a complete guide to the weapons, armor, and items of the games.

In den letzten Jahren hat sich der Workshop "Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin" durch erfolgreiche Veranstaltungen etabliert. Ziel ist auch 2021 wieder die Darstellung aktueller Forschungsergebnisse und die Vertiefung der Gespräche zwischen Wissenschaftlern, Industrie und Anwendern. Die Beiträge dieses Bandes - einige davon in englischer Sprache - umfassen alle Bereiche der medizinischen Bildverarbeitung, insbesondere Bildgebung und -akquisition, Maschinelles Lernen, Bildsegmentierung und Bildanalyse, Visualisierung und Animation, Zeitreihenanalyse, Computerunterstützte Diagnose, Biomechanische Modellierung, Validierung und Qualitätssicherung, Bildverarbeitung in der Telemedizin u.v.m. 

Ditch the devices and bring back the magic of being a kid Screens are everywhere. Children spend an average of 7.5 hours on digital devices every day with profoundly negative consequences. While some tech may “amplify� real life experience (online music lessons or Zoom calls with faraway family, for example), the vast majority “amputates� by limiting physical activity, creating anxiety, or damaging self-esteem. Childhood Unplugged takes a bold approach to creating healthy boundaries around the use of digital media, suggesting kids should be offline for the majority of their time. Drawing on her own family’s experience, plus interviews with digital minimalists, educators, and child development experts, author Katherine Martinko presents: Meticulously researched analysis of the impacts of excessive screen time on children's physical, neurological, emotional, and social development Specific pathways to reduced screen exposure, naturally leading to more time spent outdoors, increased confidence and empathy, more creative and active play, and other benefits Inspiration for caregivers overwhelmed by the thought of severing ties with the digital babysitter Age-appropriate advice for fundamental change, with specific sections for babies and toddlers, school-aged children, and adolescents. Taking a calming, nonjudgmental approach, Childhood Unplugged is a lifeline for parents, caregivers, educators, and anyone who questions the role of digital media and yearns for the young people in their life to experience the profound beauty and magic of childhood.

A highly contentious, very readable and totally up-to-the-minute investigation of women's natural relationship with modern technology, an association which, Plant argues, will trigger a new sexual revolution. Zeros and Ones is an intelligent, provocative and accessible investigation of the intersection between women, feminism, machines and in particular, information technology. Arguing that the computer is rewriting the old conceptions of man and his world, it suggests that the telecoms revolution is also a sexual revolution which undermines the fundamental assumptions crucial to patriarchal culture. Historical, contemporary and future developments in telecommunications and in IT are interwoven with the past, present and future of feminism, women and sexual difference, and a wealth of connections, parallels and affinities between machines and women are uncovered as a result. Challenging the belief that man was ever in control of either his own agency, the planet, or his machines, this book argues it is seriously undermined by the new scientific paradigms emergent from theories of chaos, complexity and connectionism, all of which suggest that the old distinctions between man, woman, nature and technology need to be radically reassessed.

The Complete Guide to OpenACC for Massively Parallel Programming Scientists and technical professionals can use OpenACC to leverage the immense power of modern GPUs without the complexity traditionally associated with programming them. OpenACCTM for Programmers is one of the first comprehensive and practical overviews of OpenACC for massively parallel programming. This book integrates contributions from 19 leading parallel-programming experts from academia, public research organizations, and industry. The authors and editors explain each key concept behind OpenACC, demonstrate how to use essential OpenACC development tools, and thoroughly explore each OpenACC feature set. Throughout, you’ll find realistic examples, hands-on exercises, and case studies showcasing the efficient use of OpenACC language constructs. You’ll discover how OpenACC’s language constructs can be translated to maximize application performance, and how its standard interface can target multiple platforms via widely used programming languages. Each chapter builds on what you’ve already learned, helping you build practical mastery one step at a time, whether you’re a GPU programmer, scientist, engineer, or student. All example code and exercise solutions are available for download at GitHub. Discover how OpenACC makes scalable parallel programming easier and more practical Walk through the OpenACC spec and learn how OpenACC directive syntax is structured Get productive with OpenACC code editors, compilers, debuggers, and performance analysis tools Build your first real-world OpenACC programs Exploit loop-level parallelism in OpenACC, understand the levels of parallelism available, and maximize accuracy or performance Learn how OpenACC programs are compiled Master OpenACC programming best practices Overcome common performance, portability, and interoperability challenges Efficiently distribute tasks across multiple processors Register your product at informit.com/register for convenient access to downloads, updates, and/or corrections as they become available.

Dive into GUI application development and create useful applications for practical and relevant topics in the fields of business, computer science, and research. This book uses a realistic approach to help get you started designing and building the applications you need while learning new tools along the way. PyQt has a vast collection of tools that you can use to create GUIs, many of which seem to go unexplored. In Modern PyQt, you will go beyond some of the fundamental topics of GUI development in order to begin building useful desktop applications. Through extensive examples and hands-on projects, you will explore how to make applications for data analysis and visualization using graphs, computer vision with OpenCV and PyQt, the basics of networking, handling databases with SQL, and more! Whether you are looking for new ideas to practice your skills as a programmer or you have a specific goal in mind and need some help to get your ideas off the ground, there is something in Modern PyQt for you! What You Will Learn Create cross-platform GUIs with Python and PyQt. Understand the important PyQt classes, widgets, and concepts needed for building interactive and practical applications. Find out how to embed useful Python modules into your applications to create more advanced GUIs. Build useful applications that you can improve or make into something completely new with Python and PyQt. Who This Book Is For Intermediate level programmers or above in Python. GUI developers with some experience designing GUIs. Even if they have never used PyQt before, the concepts learned from other toolkits, such as Tkinter or wxPython, can be carried over for developing applications with using PyQt.

Accessible, refreshingly candid, but above all helpful, this pragmatic guide addresses a real need by dealing with the problems that face the new IT manager. By providing a number of practical recommendations and approaches including how to make the transition from technical professional to manager and dealing with people, to giving advice and guidance on organization structure, architecture and planning approaches, this book covers a whole raft of issues essential to managing an IT unit.

If you have chosen to move from the safe haven of technology to the unpredictable world of management, this book could make the difference between success and failure.

"The IT Manager's Survival Guide is well named. Aimed at the techie becoming an IT Manager it covers the many alligators of IT management - from legacy systems to managing vendors - in easy chunks with checklists. It also provides the new manager with help to get ahead of the game by including articles from experts on what is wrong with IT management and a set of short reviews of management theorists from Strassman to Mayo.

I recommend this book for those who would like to buck the trend - the average tenure of an IT Manager is about 900 days - and run an IT outfit appreciated by customers and staff."
Gill Ringland, Fellow of the British Computer Society and Member of the BCS Management Forum. Author of Scenario Planning: Managing for the Future.

Deploying a machine learning model into a fully realized production system usually requires painstaking work by an operations team creating and managing custom servers. Cloud Native Machine Learning helps you bridge that gap by using the pre-built services provided by cloud platforms like Azure and AWS to assemble your ML system's infrastructure. Following a real-world use case for calculating taxi fares, you'll learn how to get a serverless ML pipeline up and running using AWS services. Clear and detailed tutorials show you how to develop reliable, flexible, and scalable machine learning systems without time-consuming management tasks or the costly overheads of physical hardware. about the technologyYour new machine learning model is ready to put into production, and suddenly all your time is taken up by setting up your server infrastructure. Serverless machine learning offers a productivity-boosting alternative. It eliminates the time-consuming operations tasks from your machine learning lifecycle, letting out-of-the-box cloud services take over launching, running, and managing your ML systems. With the serverless capabilities of major cloud vendors handling your infrastructure, you're free to focus on tuning and improving your models. about the book Cloud Native Machine Learning is a guide to bringing your experimental machine learning code to production using serverless capabilities from major cloud providers. You'll start with best practices for your datasets, learning to bring VACUUM data-quality principles to your projects, and ensure that your datasets can be reproducibly sampled. Next, you'll learn to implement machine learning models with PyTorch, discovering how to scale up your models in the cloud and how to use PyTorch Lightning for distributed ML training. Finally, you'll tune and engineer your serverless machine learning pipeline for scalability, elasticity, and ease of monitoring with the built-in notification tools of your cloud platform. When you're done, you'll have the tools to easily bridge the gap between ML models and a fully functioning production system. what's inside Extracting, transforming, and loading datasets Querying datasets with SQL Understanding automatic differentiation in PyTorch Deploying trained models and pipelines as a service endpoint Monitoring and managing your pipeline's life cycle Measuring performance improvements about the readerFor data professionals with intermediate Python skills and basic familiarity with machine learning. No cloud experience required. about the author Carl Osipov has spent over 15 years working on big data processing and machine learning in multi-core, distributed systems, such as service-oriented architecture and cloud computing platforms. While at IBM, Carl helped IBM Software Group to shape its strategy around the use of Docker and other container-based technologies for serverless computing using IBM Cloud and Amazon Web Services. At Google, Carl learned from the world's foremost experts in machine learning and also helped manage the company's efforts to democratize artificial intelligence. You can learn more about Carl from his blog Clouds With Carl.

Handbook of Human-Machine Systems Insightful and cutting-edge discussions of recent developments in human-machine systems In Handbook of Human-Machine Systems, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive exploration of human-machine systems (HMS) research and development from a variety of illuminating perspectives. The book offers a big picture look at state-of-the-art research and technology in the area of HMS. Contributing authors cover Brain-Machine Interfaces and Systems, including assistive technologies like devices used to improve locomotion. They also discuss advances in the scientific and engineering foundations of Collaborative Intelligent Systems and Applications. Companion technology, which combines trans-disciplinary research in fields like computer science, AI, and cognitive science, is explored alongside the applications of human cognition in intelligent and artificially intelligent system designs, human factors engineering, and various aspects of interactive and wearable computers and systems. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to human-machine systems via the use of emblematic use cases, as well as discussions of potential future research challenges Comprehensive explorations of hybrid technologies, which focus on transversal aspects of human-machine systems Practical discussions of human-machine cooperation principles and methods for the design and evaluation of a brain-computer interface Perfect for academic and technical researchers with an interest in HMS, Handbook of Human-Machine Systems will also earn a place in the libraries of technical professionals practicing in areas including computer science, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, engineering, psychology, and neurobiology.

Pandas has rapidly become one of Python's most popular data analysis libraries. With pandas you can efficiently sort, analyze, filter and munge almost any type of data. In Pandas in Action, a friendly and example-rich introduction, author Boris Paskhaver shows you how to master this versatile tool and take the next steps in your data science career. about the technologyAnyone who's used spreadsheet software will find pandas familiar. While its column-based grids might remind you of Excel or Google Sheets, pandas is more flexible and far more powerful. It can efficiently perform operations on millions of rows and be used in tandem with other Python libraries for statistics, machine learning, and more. And best of all, using pandas doesn't mean sacrificing user productivity or needing to write tons of complex code. It's clean, intuitive, and fast. about the book Pandas in Action makes it easy to dive into Python-based data analysis. You'll learn to use pandas to automate repetitive spreadsheet functionality and derive insight from data by sorting columns, filtering data subsets, and creating multi-leveled indices. Each chapter is a self-contained tutorial, letting you dip in when you need to troubleshoot tricky problems. Best of all, you won't be learning from sterile or randomly created data. You'll start with a variety of datasets that are big, small, incomplete, broken, and messy and learn how to clean and format them for proper analysis. what's inside Import a CSV, identify issues with its data structures, and convert it to the proper format Sort, filter, pivot, and draw conclusions from a dataset and its subsets Identify trends from text-based and time-based data Organize, group, merge, and join separate datasets Real-world datasets that are easy to download and explore about the readerFor readers experienced with spreadsheet software who know the basics of Python. about the author Boris Paskhaver is a software engineer, Agile consultant, and educator. His six programming courses on Udemy have amassed 236,000 students, with an average course rating of 4.59 out of 5. He first used Python and the pandas library to derive a variety of business insights at the world's #1 jobs site, Indeed.com.

High-level technology has forever changed-and continues to change-the way we work and the skill sets we need to succeed in our careers. So whether you're growing your own business, looking for a promotion, or changing jobs, chances are you'll have to master a new skills along the way. For those of us who weren't born with a computer in our hands, keeping up with constant technological advances can seem overwhelming. But adjusting to the new world of work that technology has created is much easier than it appears. This book gives all of us the tools we need to thrive in the information age.
Beverly Goldberg sifts through the high-tech hyperbole and provides a context for understanding the new computer and communication
systems that connect us in so many intimidating and exciting ways. She then presents a six-step action plan for accepting the new state of constant change, coming to grips with the ways it has transformed the workplace, and mastering the skills we need for success.
By altering our attitudes about change and providing step-by-step guidelines for building our skills, she eases the anxiety many of us feel about the future. She shows how to gather the knowledge necessary to comprehend the new technologies critical to our specific jobs. She explains how to acquire the technical skills we need now and anticipate those we will need in the future. She demonstrates ways to use networks to connect with people who can give us help when we need it and to build trusting business relationships on-line. And she teaches us how to reinvent ourselves continually and prepare for twenty-first century careers.
With tip sheets that identify specific actions to take and aconcluding chapter that anticipates the road ahead, Overcoming High-Tech Anxiety provides the support, guidance, and practical advice we all need to stay up to speed.

This book presents the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Machine Learning Technologies and Applications (AMLTA 2020), held at Manipal University Jaipur, India, on February 13 – 15, 2020, and organized in collaboration with the Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE). The papers cover current research in machine learning, big data, Internet of Things, biomedical engineering, fuzzy logic and security, as well as intelligence swarms and optimization.

Discover the history behind photography and learn the skills to get the best from your photographs. A comprehensive all-in-one guide, Photography introduces you to the art, history, and culture of photography, and shows you how to take your own fantastic professional-standard photographs. An in-depth guide to all things photographic, Photography opens with a gallery of more than 30 key figures in photography, from 19th-century pioneers to the top photographers working today. The gallery provides fascinating contrasts between diverse genres, such as art photography, reportage, portrait, and wildlife photography. The book then tells the story of photography, from its "garden shed" beginnings to the rise of the "selfie" today. Photography further features: - All the skills and techniques of photography and features tips for using a smartphone to create stunning photos. - Combines creative typography, graphics, and clear text to present photographic skills in a clear, easily understood way. - Provides an introduction to the history of photography. - Includes a guide to the leading photographers The second half of the book introduces cameras, accessories, and software, explaining what they can do and how to use them. It shows how to take better photographs by mastering the technical aspects of your camera, how to experiment with composition, colour and light, and how to digitally enhance your photos. Inspirational masterclasses covering all genres of photography - landscape, portraits, wildlife, architecture, art - also provide you with an opportunity to apply your newfound skills in a clear and practical way and give advice on becoming a professional photographer yourself. The ideal book for anyone with an interest in the history of photography, or who wants to improve their own photography technique, doubling up as the perfect gift book for photography and art students who are seeking to learn more about these subjects.

Develop cloud applications customized for your business needs! Master the basics of SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP) and its development environments; then get step-by-step instructions for developing and operating your own applications. Build your backend with Java, Node.js, or ABAP, and set up your frontend using SAPUI5 and SAP Fiori. With detailed code examples throughout, this book is your complete guide to building cloud applications on SAP BTP! Highlights include: 1) Frontend and backend cloud development 2) SAP Business Application Studio 3) SAP Cloud Application Programming Model 4) SAP BTP, Cloud Foundry environment 5) SAP BTP, Kyma runtime 6) Java 7) Node.js 8) ABAP 9) DevOps 10) Application lifecycle management 11) Microservices 12) SAP Extension Suite

Physics forms the basis for many of the motions and behaviors seen in both the real world and in the virtual worlds of animated films, visual effects, and computer games. By describing the underlying physical principles and then creating simulations based on these principles, these computer-generated worlds are brought to life. Physically Based Modeling and Animation goes behind the scenes of computer animation and details the mathematical and algorithmic foundations that are used to determine the behavior underlying the movement of virtual objects and materials. Dr. Donald House and Dr. John Keyser offer an approachable, hands-on view of the equations and programming that form the foundations of this field. They guide readers from the beginnings of modeling and simulation to more advanced techniques, enabling them to master what they need to know in order to understand and create their own animations Emphasizes the underlying concepts of the field, and is not tied to any particular software package, language, or API. Develops concepts in mathematics, physics, numerical methods, and software design in a highly integrated way, enhancing both motivation and understanding. Progressively develops the material over the book, starting from very basic techniques, and building on these to introduce topics of increasing complexity. Motivates the topics by tying the underlying physical and mathematical techniques directly to applications in computer animation.

This book gathers selected papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Computing, Communications and Data Engineering, held at Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, India from 1 to 2 Feb 2019. Chiefly discussing major issues and challenges in data engineering systems and computer communications, the topics covered include wireless systems and IoT, machine learning, optimization, control, statistics, and social computing.

Designed with Excel gurus in mind, this handbook outlines how to create formulas that can be used to solve everyday problems with a series of data values that standard Excel formulas cannot or would be too arduous to attempt. Beginning with an introduction to array formulas, this manual examines topics such as how they differ from ordinary formulas, the benefits and drawbacks of their use, functions that can and cannot handle array calculations, and array constants and functions. Among the practical applications surveyed include how to extract data from tables and unique lists, how to get results that match any criteria, and how to utilize various methods for unique counts. This book contains 529 screen shots.