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Books > Professional & Technical > Industrial chemistry & manufacturing technologies > Industrial chemistry > Heavy chemicals
This book will cater to the needs of researchers, students and industry involved in bioremediation of toxic metal(loid)s. The book covers comprehensively current developments and recent advances in the field of bioremediation of toxic metal(loid)s. This book offers a bird's eye view on various bioremediation technologies based on variety of biological agents viz. plants, bacteria, algae, fungi etc., used for environmental clean-up of toxic metal(loid)s.
This work highlights contemporary approaches to resource utilization and provides comprehensive coverage of technological advances in residuum conversion. It illustrates state-of-the-art engineering methods for the refinement of heavy oils, bitumen, and other high-sulphur feedstocks.
Describes the systematic procedure for using process and mechanical design information to select construction materials suitable for a range of chemical and hydrocarbon processing plants. The volume features tables for locating the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) product form specifications for construction materials that have code-allowable design stresses. It analyzes threshold values for degradation phenomena involving thermal damage.
By some measure the most widely produced chemical in the world today, sulfuric acid has an extraordinary range of modern uses, including phosphate fertilizer production, explosives, glue, wood preservative and lead-acid batteries. An exceptionally corrosive and dangerous acid, production of sulfuric acid requires stringent adherence to environmental regulatory guidance within cost-efficient standards of production. This work provides an experience-based review of how sulfuric acid plants work, how they should be designed and how they should be operated for maximum sulfur capture and minimum environmental impact. Using a combination of practical experience and deep physical analysis, Davenport and King review sulfur manufacturing in the contemporary world where regulatory guidance is becoming ever tighter (and where new processes are being required to meet them), and where water consumption and energy considerations are being brought to bear on sulfuric acid plant operations. This 2e will examine in particular newly developed acid-making processes and new methods of minimizing unwanted sulfur emissions. The target readers are recently graduated science and
engineering students who are entering the chemical industry and
experienced professionals within chemical plant design companies,
chemical plant production companies, sulfuric acid recycling
companies and sulfuric acid users. They will use the book to
design, control, optimize and operate sulfuric acid plants around
the world. Unique mathematical analysis of sulfuric acid manufacturing processes, providing a sound basis for optimizing sulfuric acid manufacturing processes. Analysis of recently developed sulfuric acid manufacturing techniques suggestsadvantages and disadvantages of the new processes from the energy and environmental points of view. Analysis of tail gas sulfur capture processes indicates the best way to combine sulfuric acid making and tailgas sulfur-capture processes from the energy and environmental points of view. Draws on industrial connections of the authors through years of hands-on experience in sulfuric acid manufacture. "
Offers comprehensive information on POPs in simple language Discusses previously known and newly developed POPs and their sources, effects, and transport Explains current and upcoming challenges in management of POPs Highlights new technologies for remediation and sound management of POPs Covers measures taken for elimination of POPs in various countries and the role of Stockholm Convention
First published in 1992, Environmental Particles describes properties, roles, and methods for the characterization of environmental particles in air, water, sediment, and soil. This book emphasizes modern methods for sampling, instrumental characterization methods, and physical/chemical principles for describing the properties and roles of particles in the environment (particularly their influence on the transport of toxic compounds). It will be an excellent reference source for environmental chemists and physicists, limnologists, oceanographers, air and soil scientists, analytical chemists, environmental engineers, scientists involved in environmental protection, and students.
Structured Glass-Fiber Catalysts discusses the synthesis of advanced glass-fiber catalysts for various emerging applications, investigation of their properties, and development of the engineering basis required for their wide practical application. This book describes how to create and use such catalysts for different chemical reactions. It discusses how to efficiently arrange them into structured catalytic cartridges and gives examples of their successful application for purification of waste gases from different hazardous contaminants and environmentally safe combustion of fuels. It covers nanosize surface science fundamentals through large-scale commercial catalytic reactors. This book is aimed at researchers and engineers in the fields of chemical engineering, industrial engineering, and materials engineering.
This book provides an overview of crude oil refining processes and presents a deep analysis of the current context and challenges imposed on players in the downstream industry. Crude Oil Refining: A Simplified Approach covers traditional processes of the refining industry, the impact of current trends, and technological routes available to help these players survive in a highly competitive environment. FEATURES Offers a simplified approach to crude oil refining processes Discusses economic information related to the downstream business, including refining margins and profitability Introduces newer trends in the industry, such as petrochemical integration, crude-to-chemicals refineries, and renewables coprocessing in crude oil refineries Presents the challenges related to these new trends and offers technological solutions to overcome them for profitable and sustainable operations Describes how the use of biofuels can minimize the environmental impact of transportation fuel in nations of high demand like Brazil Offering a contemporary view of current challenges and opportunities in the downstream oil and gas business, this practical book is aimed at readers working in the fields of petroleum and chemical engineering.
Direct Natural Gas Conversion to Value-Added Chemicals comprehensively discusses all major aspects of natural gas conversion and introduces a broad spectrum of recent technological developments. Specifically, the book describes heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, microwave-assisted conversion, non-thermal plasma conversion, electrochemical conversion, and novel chemical looping conversion approaches. Provides an excellent benchmark resource for the industry and academics Appeals to experienced researchers as well as newcomers to the field, despite the variety of contributing authors and the complexity of the material covered Includes all aspects of direct natural gas conversion: fundamental chemistry, different routes of conversion, catalysts, catalyst deactivation, reaction engineering, novel conversion concepts, thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer issues, system design, and recent research and development Discusses new developments in natural gas conversion and future challenges and opportunities This book is as an excellent resource for advanced students, technology developers, and researchers in chemical engineering, industrial chemistry, and others interested in the conversion of natural gas.
"Second Edition expands and updates information on the technological aspects of refining heavy oils, residua, bitumen, and other high-sulfur feedstocks. Focuses on the range of next-generation refining processes."
This volume emphasizes the growing need for wood products with advanced engineering properties. It details the fundamental principles of cellulose technology and presents current techniques to modifying the basic chemistry of lignocellulosic materials. The work: discusses the cost-efficient use of cellulose derivatives in a variety of commodities; highlights the chemical modification of wood by methods such as etherification, esterification and thermoplasticization; considers recent progress in the lignocellulosic liquefaction of wood; and more.
Striking a balance between basic chemistry and chemical engineering, this up-to-date reference discusses important aspects of acetic acid and its major derivatives, including chemistry, methods of preparation and manufacture, and synthesis, as well as current and emerging downstream technologies.;The book provides comprehensive physical property data for compounds and their separation, including acetic acid-water separation. Describing five categories of techniques for the manufacture of acetic acid, it: examines thermophysical properties and aqueous solutions, with detailed explanations of mathematical models and correlations; supplies a critical analysis of property; outlines manufacturing costs and related economic factors; reviews the applications of acetic acid and derivatives; covers the chemistry and preparation of the derivatives; elucidates recent topics such as deicers, esters and new esterification technologies.
This book bridges the gap between theory and practice. It provides fundamental information on heterogeneous catalysis and the practicalities of the catalysts and processes used in producing ammonia, hydrogen and methanol via hydrocarbon steam reforming. It also covers the oxidation reactions in making formaldehyde from methanol, nitric acid from ammonia and sulphuric acid from sulphur dioxide. Designed for use in the chemical industry and by those in teaching, research and the study of industrial catalysts and catalytic processes. Students will also find this book extremely useful for obtaining practical information not available in more conventional textbooks.
Direct Natural Gas Conversion to Value-Added Chemicals comprehensively discusses all major aspects of natural gas conversion and introduces a broad spectrum of recent technological developments. Specifically, the book describes heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, microwave-assisted conversion, non-thermal plasma conversion, electrochemical conversion, and novel chemical looping conversion approaches. Provides an excellent benchmark resource for the industry and academics Appeals to experienced researchers as well as newcomers to the field, despite the variety of contributing authors and the complexity of the material covered Includes all aspects of direct natural gas conversion: fundamental chemistry, different routes of conversion, catalysts, catalyst deactivation, reaction engineering, novel conversion concepts, thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer issues, system design, and recent research and development Discusses new developments in natural gas conversion and future challenges and opportunities This book is as an excellent resource for advanced students, technology developers, and researchers in chemical engineering, industrial chemistry, and others interested in the conversion of natural gas.
As pharmaceutical companies look to develop single enantiomers as drug candidates, chemists are increasingly faced with the problems associated with this subclass of organic synthesis. The Handbook of Chiral Chemicals, Second Edition highlights the problems associated with the production of chiral compounds on a commercial scale. The handbook first elaborates upon starting materials obtained from a "chiral pool," which can be derived from natural products. Then it explains methods and reactions that can introduce or influence stereogenic centers, particularly asymmetric hydrogenations, oxidations, pericyclic reactions, and enzymatic methods. While hydrogenations have been the most widely employed approach for the large-scale synthesis of several commercial compounds, the search for the ideal catalyst has consistently led researchers to enzymes present in biological systems. Several chapters concentrate on understanding how to manipulate enzymes for catalyzing new reactions for taking new substrates. Other significant topics include chiral auxiliaries, chromatographic techniques, enantiomers-specific reactions, and resolution. This second edition updates all its chapters, illustrating the speed of development in this field, and features new chapters that highlight successful approaches in an industrial setting. The Handbook of Chiral Chemicals, Second Edition is a guide to advances in the field that result in more efficient and cost-effective synthesis of chiral chemicals.
Leveraging Synergies Between Refining and Petrochemical Processes provides a detailed description of the interfaces and connections between crude oil refining and petrochemicals. It offers a view of global and regional markets and economic opportunities for synergies between these sectors. Features: Shows a global and regional market outlook for crude oil refining and petrochemical sectors Explores economic and market opportunities for taking advantage of the synergies between both sectors Analyzes the technical challenges and opportunities that come with these synergies Gives an outlook and prediction of what companies will be able to achieve in the mid-term future Provides introductory and explanatory material as well as in-depth insight into future technology and market developments This book serves as a reference for professionals in chemical engineering, oil and gas engineering, and industrial chemistry. It aims to help engineers and industry professionals understand the challenges and the potential benefits of developing expansion or optimization projects that may bridge the gap between refining and petrochemicals.
Present the main anthropological and non-anthropological sources of waste generation containing toxic metals. Demonstrate aspects related to the generation, disposal and valuation of solid waste containing toxic metals. Portray techniques for the treatment and reuse of water contaminated with toxic metals.
Structured Glass-Fiber Catalysts discusses the synthesis of advanced glass-fiber catalysts for various emerging applications, investigation of their properties, and development of the engineering basis required for their wide practical application. This book describes how to create and use such catalysts for different chemical reactions. It discusses how to efficiently arrange them into structured catalytic cartridges and gives examples of their successful application for purification of waste gases from different hazardous contaminants and environmentally safe combustion of fuels. It covers nanosize surface science fundamentals through large-scale commercial catalytic reactors. This book is aimed at researchers and engineers in the fields of chemical engineering, industrial engineering, and materials engineering.
The book addresses the latest technical developments in the chlorine industry with emphasis on operational improvements. The effects of economic, political, environmental and safety issues surrounding the industry are covered. World-class authors spearheaded by an internationally acknowledged expert ensure that the chapters are highly practical, authoritative and vigorous.
This is a hands-on reference guide for the maintenance or
reliability engineer and plant manager. As the third volume in the
"Life Cycle Engineering" series, this book takes the guiding
principles of Lean Manufacturing and Maintenance and applies these
concepts to everyday planning and scheduling tasks allowing
engineers to keep their equipment running smoothly, while
decreasing downtime. The authors offer invaluable advice on the
effective use of work orders and schedules and how they fit into
the overall maintenance plan.
Photoreactive thin films have been investigated extensively due to the advances in photonics, and the coupling between photochemistry and nonlinear optics has developed into a new discipline since the 1990s. Light can manipulate the orientation of optically sensitive chromophores containing polymeric thin films, and this phenomena has important applications to the field of opto-electronics and photonics especially in such areas as liquid crystals and optical storage of information.;Scientists from different communities have been working in this area representing such fields as chemistry, chemical engineering, polymer science and optics. The purpose of this books is to provide a comprehensive reference covering the basic fundamentals of the interdisciplinary research as well as the applications in photonics.
The first comprehensive guide to the chemicals and gases used in semiconductor manufacturing The fabrication of semiconductor devices involves a series of complex chemical processes such as photolithography, etching, cleaning, thin film deposition, and polishing. Until now, there has been no convenient source of information on the properties, applications, and health and safety considerations of the chemicals used in these processes. The Handbook of Chemicals and Gases for the Semiconductor Industry meets this need. Each of the Handbook’s eight chapters is related to a specific area of semiconductor processing. The authors provide a brief overview of each step in the process, followed by tables containing physical properties, handling, safety, and other pertinent information on chemicals and gases typically used in these processes. The 270 chemical and gas entries include data on physical properties, emergency treatment procedures, waste disposal, and incompatible materials, as well as descriptions of applications, chemical mechanisms involved, and references to the literature. Appendices cross-reference entries by process, chemical name, and CAS number. The Handbook’s eight chapters are:
No other single source brings together these useful and important data on chemicals and gases used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices. The Handbook of Chemicals and Gases for the Semiconductor Industry will be a valuable reference for process engineers, scientists, suppliers to the semiconductor industry, microelectronics researchers, and students.
In addition to capillary gas chromatography and GC-MS, carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy provides an alternative method for essential oils analysis. The excellent visual spacing of the signals enables oil samples to be analyzed without preliminary separation of their components. Also, information relating to the molecular structure of the oil constituents can be ascertained from the measured chemical shifts. This second edition clearly demonstrates the power of the technique in the characterization of essential oils, based on 60 sample oils chosen for their industrial importance together with the 188 carbon-13 NMR spectra of significant components. Supporting data are presented using capillary gas chromatography. Key features of the Second Edition:
Handbook of Surfactant Analysis: Chemical, physico-chemical and physical methods is a translation of the successful German book Analyse der Tenside, and incorporates the leading chemical, physio-chemical and physical methods of surfactant analysis, with special emphasis on infrared spectroscopy. Since the first edition of Analyse der Tenside (1962) no other book has come close to dealing exclusively with the many analytical methods for this important group of substances. The scope of this book is broad, with coverage not only of analytical data, but also of important data relevant to the industrial production and uses of various classes of compounds. The fundamental principles and applications of modern spectroscopic and electroanalytical techniques, now playing an increasingly important role as routine methods in analytical practice, are also described. The book is richly and informatively illustrated and includes a comprehensive and up-to-date bibliography. Chapter topics include:
This book is a "world first," since the furfural industry has been
traditionally secretive to the point of appearing shrouded in
clouds of mystery. Even renowned encyclopedic works have published
but scant and often erroneous information on the subject. |
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