Pelagic tunicates are fascinating for their beauty, remarkable in most cases for their curious and even bizarre life cycles, and often notable for extraordinarily rapid growth. Furthermore, in recent years their major importance in the economy of the sea has been recognized. Although the now outdated encyclopaedic texts of the 1930s dealt with pelagic tunicates, the results of much subsequent physiological and ecological work have only appeared in scattered articles. This book is unique in giving a modern account of the biology of pelagic tunicates, with much new and unpublished information. Different chapters treat such topics as the ecological impact of salp blooms, locomotion by jet propulsion, the affinities of different groups, and the abundance and distribution of each group. Updated classification and identification keys to every pelagic tunicate now known are included. The Biology of Pelagic Tunicates will be useful to all plankton workers, and may perhaps stimulate ecologists, physiologists, and geneticists to begin work on a somewhat neglected group of animals that offer some unusual advantages for different kinds of study.

A concise but comprehensive introduction to the biology of standing waters (lakes and ponds). As with other books in the Biology of Habitats Series, the emphasis in this book is on the organisms that dominate freshwater environments. Management and conservation aspects are also considered. The first edition of the book published in 1998 with a second, revised edition in 2005. There has been significant development in the field since the last revision appeared, particularly in the ecology of lakes and ponds in subtropical and tropical areas, and a new revision of this now classic text is timely.

Humans spend more time in or on the water than ever before; we love the beach. But for many people, getting in the water provokes a moment's hesitation. Shark attacks are big news events and although the risk of shark attack on humans is incredibly low, the fact remains that human lives are lost to sharks every year. Shark Attacks explores the tension between risk and human fear and the need to conserve sharks and protect the important ecological roles they play in our marine environments. Marine biologist Blake Chapman presents scientific information about shark biology, movement patterns and feeding behaviour. She discusses the role of fear in the way we think about sharks and the influence of the media on public perceptions. Moving first-hand accounts describe the deep and polarising psychological impacts of shark attacks from a range of perspectives. This book is an education in thinking through these emotive events and will help readers to navigate the controversial issues around mitigating shark attacks while conserving the sharks themselves. FeaturesClarifies what is fact and what is fiction with regards to shark attack statistics and explains why the fear of sharks and shark attacks is so prevalent in modern society Discusses personal and regional mitigation devices and measures as well as the pros and cons of each of these Provides suggestions on how we can better manage the risk (real and perceived) of shark attack into the future Provides a range of personal accounts and public opinions on shark attack to round out our understanding of these events and to provide support for gaps in current policy

Do intertidal organisms simply respond to the rise and fall of tides, or do they possess biological timing and navigation mechanisms that allow them to anticipate when conditions are most favourable? How are the patterns of growth, development and reproduction of some marine plants and animals related to changes in day-length or to phases of the moon? The author describes how marine organisms, from single cells to vertebrates, on sea shores, in estuaries and in the open ocean, have evolved inbuilt biological clockwork and synchronisation mechanisms which control rhythmic processes and navigational behaviour, permitting successful exploitation of highly variable and often hostile environments. Adopting a hypothesis-testing and experimental approach, the book is intended for undergraduate and postgraduate students of marine biology, marine ecology, animal behaviour, oceanography and other biological sciences and also as an introduction for researchers, including physiologists, biochemists and molecular biologists entering the field of chronobiology.

Etwa 60 km sudoestlich Wiens erstreckt sich oestlich des Neu siedler Sees das Gelande des "Seewinkels", das seinen Namen nach den zahlreichen groesseren und kleineren "Seen" fuhrt, die die meistens sehr flachen Mulden des Gelandes ausfullen, das nur wenige Meter uber dem Niveau des viel ausgedehntereD Neusiedler Sees liegt. Bezuglich der verschiedenen Theorien uber die Entstehung der Gewasser, ihrer morphologischen Charaktere sowie hinsichtlich der klimatischen Bedingungen, denen sie unterliegen, verweise ich auf H. FRANZ, K. HoeFLER und E. ScHERF (1937) und besonders auf H. LoeFFLER (1957), wo auch die neueste Literatur kritisch ausgewertet wird. Nur einige Eigentumlichkeiten der Gewasser seien hier kurz erwahnt, soweit sie fur das Verstandnis der nachfolgenden Ausfuhrungen grundlegend sind. Samtliche stehenden Gewasser haben nur eine sehr geringe Tiefe, die selten I m ubersteigt. Es fehlt also stets die durch eine groessere Tiefe bedingte Zonierung, durch die ein See ausgezeichnet ist, so dass es sich in allen Fallen - auch wenn der Volksmund von einem "See" spricht -um Gewasser mit teichartigem Charakter handelt, die, mundartlich verschieden, als Lacken oder Lachen bezeichnet werden. Sie liegen vorwiegend auf tonigen Alkaliflachen oder "Zickboeden" (nach dem ungarischen "szik" = Soda, Salz), weniger auf sandigem oder auch sumpfigem und ausgesusstem Boden.

Fishes have evolved to colonise almost every type of aquatic habitat and today they are a hugely diverse group of over 25,000 species. The evolution of this great diversity of species has resulted in a myriad of solutions to the demands posed by the aquatic environment. Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Fishes presents a current and comprehensive overview of fish physiology to demonstrate how living fishes function in their environment. As with other books in the Series, the emphasis is on the unique physiological characteristics of the fish, but with applications to questions of broad relevance in physiological ecology. A preliminary chapter introduces the aquatic environment and gives a general description of fish biology, evolution, and taxonomy. Subsequent sections discuss the particular problems of living in water, life in extreme environments, techniques for studying fish ecophysiology, and future research directions.

Marine pollution occurs today in varied forms--chemical, industrial, and agricultural-and the sources of pollution are endless. In recent history, we've seen oil spills, untreated sewage, eutrophication, invasive species, heavy metals, acidification, radioactive substances, marine litter, and overfishing, among other significant problems. Though marine pollution has long been a topic of concern, it has very recently exploded in environmental, economic, and political debate circles; scientists and non-scientists alike continue to be shocked and dismayed at the sheer diversity of water pollutants and the many ways they can come to harm our environment and our bodies.
In Marine Pollution: What Everyone Needs to Know, Judith Weis covers marine pollution from many different angles, each fascinating in its own right. Beginning with its sources and history, the book describes in detail each common pollutant, why exactly it is harmful, why it may draw controversy, and how we can prevent it from destroying our aquatic ecosystems. Weis discusses topics like what actually happened with the Exxon Valdez, and why Harmful Algal Blooms are a serious concern. Later chapters will discuss pollutants that are only now surfacing as major threats, such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and metal nanoparticles, and explain how these can begin in the water and progress up the food chain and emerge in human bodies. The book's final section will discuss the effects of climate change and acidification on marine pollution levels, and how we can reduce pollution at the local and global levels.

1m Jahre 1915 hatte ich ein halb popnliires Werk, "Insektlivet i ferske Vande" ("Das Insektenleben im StiBwasser"), herausgegeben. In diesem Werke waren hauptsiichlich die Ergebnisse meiner eigenen Untersuchungen tiber Wasser insekten gesammelt, Ergebnisse, die damals schon fast aIle in einer Reihe von Arbeiten in ausliindischen Zeitschriften veroffentlicht waren; im tibrigen war das Buch auf der gesamten, den Gegenstand betreffenden Literatur aufgebaut. In der Zeit von 1900. bis 1915 sind ferner noch Arbeiten tiber verschiedene andere StiBwasserorganismen, in erster Linie tiber StiBwasserplanctonten, er schienen. Die Hauptpuplikation war "Planctoninvestigations of the Danish Lakes" 1904 bis 1908, zwei Quartbiinde mit zahlreichen Tafeln. Spiiter wurden zum Teil von Ausliindern, die in meinem Laboratorium als Assistenten gearbeitet hatten, zum Teil von anderen, aber auch von mir selbst eine Reihe monographi scher Untersuchungen tiber verschiedene Tiergruppen des StiBwassers, tiber Culiciden, Infusorien, Trematoden, Rotiferen, Nematoden, Cladoceren, Hydra chniden, ferner zusammenfassende Seeuntersuchungen (Furesee, Frederiksborger SchloBteich, Esromsee) publiziert, und zwar siimtlich in den "Kg . Danske Videnska bernes Selska bs Skrifter." Ein groBer Teil meiner Untersuchungen, so tiber Wasserspinnen und Schnek ken, ist aber nicht veroffentlicht worden. Das gleiche gilt von Beobachtungen tiber das Leben der StiBwasserorganismen, die ich auf meinen zahlreichen Ex kursionen machen konnte und die nur in meinen Notizen verzeichnet sind. Es war daher seit langem mein Wunsch, dieses umfangreiche und auch das nach 1915 publizierte Material in einem groBeren Handbuch tiber die gesamte wirbellose Fauna des StiBwassers zu sammeln, genau wie es seinerzeit mit meinen insektenbiologischen Untersuchungen in den "Wasserinsekten" geschehen ist."