This book examines the agreements and discrepancies between public understanding and assumptions about refugees, and the actual beliefs and practices among the refugees themselves in a time of increasing mobility fuelled by what many call 'refugee crisis'. With a focus on language and literacy practices among recently-arrived Karenni refugee families in the United States, this book explores the multilingual repertoires and accumulated literacies acquired through the course of the refugees' multiple movements. Through the lens of transnationalism, the author emphasizes that despite their numerous struggles, the refugees daily and diligently use and strategize their old, emerging, and evolving linguistic and literacy resources to make the best of their resettlement. This book will shed light on the language and literacy practices among transnational and diasporic communities, minoritized or marginalized groups for researchers in these fields as well as practitioners and resettlement agencies working with refugee populations.

This volume examines the relationship between language and literacy from a systemic functional perspective. The book starts with a retrospective view on the development of systemic functional linguistics hand-in-hand with language education practices, written by eminent linguists Michael Halliday and Ruqaiya Hasan, and then shows how this approach has developed, and informed language education policy and theory. The second section presents examples of how considerations of literacy education are carried out in educational systems around the world based on systemic functional linguistics. The contributors examine issues such as metadiscourse, genre, cultural politics, and how systemic functional grammar can help to raise literacy standards. The final section looks at literacy in more specific disciplines at school and university, including history, literature, and student writing. The essays collected here present a comprehensive analysis of language and literacy from a systemic functional perspective, written by academics at the forefront of the field. It will be of interest to researchers in systemic functional linguistics, or language and education.

This book is an exposition of a curriculum innovation within the complex yet fertile ground of school-based education in Singapore. Beyond straightforward descriptions and protocols, this book purposefully connects classroom practices with theories in a clear, uncomplicated way. The result provides a series of rationales for action, reflection and understanding that other publications in digital storytelling sometimes fail to cover or explain in sufficient detail. Broadly, these include digital multimodal authorship; teachers' and students' storytelling task design and assessment; the use of digital storytelling as a reflective and reflexive expression of teachers' professionalism; and dialogism in classroom practice.

This volume presents 50 contributions on the themes of reasonableness and effectiveness and their connections, which are central issues in argumentation theory. It discusses van Eemeren's views on the study of argumentation; the approach to argumentation adopted in pragma-dialectics; pragma-dialectical perspectives on the dialectical and pragmatic dimensions of argumentative discourse; the notion of strategic maneuvering; the pragma-dialectical method of analyzing argumentative discourse; the treatment of fallacies as violations of rules for critical discussion; pragma-dialectical views on context, the role of logic, verbal indicators of argumentative moves and argument schemes; and the process of writing and rewriting argumentative texts. The pragma-dialectical quantitative approach to empirical research on argumentative discourse is illustrated by reporting on selected, illustrative experimental studies, as well as qualitative studies of historical cases.

The first volume of the series Language and Ideology, this work explores mature literacy. Patrick L. Courts argues that while by society's standards many people can read well, they are unable to create meaning from the world of oral and written language. His theory derives from psycho- and sociolinguistics, cognitive psychology, philosophy, literary criticism, and whole language theory. Courts criticizes programmed activities, texts, and workbooks--challenging the control that commercial textbook publishers and test-makers exert on education. He shuns overemphasis on methods and offers an alternative approach firmly grounded in theory and aimed at empowering teachers and students. Courts begins with a discussion of liberatory pedagogy, drawing from whole language theory, the social semiotics of Halliday, reader-response theory, and the ideas of Heidegger and Derrida. The subsequent methodological chapters build a case for what Courts calls a conservative revolution in literacy education: teachers combining a sound base of theory with methodologies to tap students' generative, creative powers. Courts's methodology aims to empower people as meaning makers. This book is valuable to teachers and administrators, textbook publishers, and students of education.

This book introduces a framework for examining bilingual identity and presents the cases of seven individual children from a study of young students' bilingual identities in an Australian primary school. The new Bilingual Identity Negotiation Framework brings together three elements that influence bilingual identity development - sociocultural connection, investment and interaction. The cases comprise individual stories about seven young, bilingual students and are complemented by some more general investigations of bilingual identity from a whole class of students at the school. The framework is explained and supported using the students' stories and offers readers a new concept for examining and thinking about bilingual identity. This book builds upon past and current theories of identity and bilingualism and expands on these to identify three interlinking elements within bilingual identity. The book highlights the need for greater dialogue between different sectors of research and education relating to languages and bilingualism. It adds to the increasing call for collaborative work from the different fields interested in language learning and teaching such as TESOL, bilingualism, and language education. Through the development of the framework and the students' stories in this study, this book shows how multilingual children in one school in Australia developed their identities in association with their home and school languages. This provides readers with a model for examining bilingual identity in their own contexts, or a theoretical construct to consider in their thinking on bilingualism, language and identity.

Renita Schmidt and P. L. Thomas The guiding mission of the teacher education program in the university where we teach is to create teachers who are scholars and leaders. While the intent of that mission is basically sound in theory-we instill the idea that teachers at all levels are professionals, always learning and growing in knowledge-that theory, that philosophical underpinning does not insure that the students who complete our program are confident about the act or performance of teaching. In our unique program, students work closely with one teacher and classroom for the entire senior year and then are supervised and mentored during their first semester of teaching; the program is heavily field-based, and it depends on the effectiveness of mentoring throughout the methods coursework and the first semester of full-time teaching. Students tell us this guidance and support is invaluable, and yet we feel the disjuncture between university and school just as many of you in more traditional student teaching settings. Students hear "best practice" information from us in methods classes and they receive ample exposure to the research supporting our field, but have a hard time implementing research-based practices in their cla- room settings and an even harder time finding it in the classrooms around them.

A discussion of teaching writing in both computer-supported and traditional classrooms. It addresses areas such as: teaching and learning about writing; classroom dynamics - interaction and classroom design; curriculum design; and the technological complexities of computers and networks.

This edited volume brings together diverse perspectives on Australian literacy education for Indigenous peoples, highlighting numerous educational approaches, ideologies and aspirations. The Australian Indigenous context presents unique challenges for educators working across the continent in settings ranging from urban to remote, and with various social and language groups. Accordingly, one of the book's main goals is to foster dialogue between researchers and practitioners working in these contexts, and who have vastly different theoretical and ideological perspectives. It offers a valuable resource for academics and teachers of Indigenous students who are interested in literacy-focused research, and complements scholarship on literacy education in comparable Indigenous settings internationally.

This volume contributes to the research in two different research areas: lexical availability studies and vocabulary research in second or foreign languages. Lexical availability is defined as the words that immediately come to mind as a response to a stimulus provided by topics related to domains closely connected to daily life: for instance animals, food and drink, daily activities, politics, or poverty. Lexical availability is a dimension of learners' receptive and productive lexical competence, and, consequently, an important variable of learners' communicative competence. Written by leading researchers in Spanish and English applied linguistics, the studies presented in this volume offer the reader findings and insights from studies conducted in learners with different mother tongues, who learn English or Spanish as their second or third language. "This book made me aware of an approach to vocabulary acquisition which has a long tradition in European research, but has been somewhat neglected by English-speaking researchers. The methodology was pioneered in France where it developed into the Francais Fondamental project - an influential approach to the vocabulary needs of learners of French. It was also taken up by Spanish researchers, and more recently developed by the team at La Rioja University. Where English-language research has focused on the frequency of words in large corpora and the implications of this feature for L2 vocabulary acquisition, the lexical availability tradition takes a much more learner-centred approach to L2 vocabulary skills, directly reflecting learners' needs and learners' ability to do things with small, effective vocabularies. This leads to a set of research priorities that look refreshingly different from the ones we are used to. Read this book. It might change the way you think about vocabulary research." Paul Meara, Swansea University, Wales, UK

The book introduces the reader into the world of mental perception of literary contents. Based on the research in modern semantics, functional stylistics and cognitive phonetics, it explores the way linguistic elements of a literary work cause readers to form a single perception shape identified as a cultural, literary or social stereotype.

This book brings together authors actively involved in shaping the field of literacy studies, presenting a robust approach to the theoretical and empirical work which is currently pushing the boundaries of literacy research and also pointing to future directions for literacy research.

Teachers are learners too, and for the past ten years, Gail Boushey and Allison Behne work with hundreds of teachers and students nationwide, gaining insight into best practices for reading instruction. Using those insights, they developed The CAFE Book, Expanded Second Edition: Engaging All Students in Daily Literacy Assessment and Instruction to help teachers apply what their research has shown-that reading instruction is not about the setting, the basal, or the book level. Rather, effective reading instruction is based on what that student needs in that moment. With the release of The CAFE Book in 2009, the CAFE system has been implemented in classrooms all over the world. It has changed the way teachers assess, teach, and track student information, and positively impacted the way students learn, practice, and talk about reading. The CAFE Book, Expanded Second Edition builds on the same research-based, student-centered foundations, but now includes: A new process of planning data-driven instruction using the Seven Steps from Assessment to Instruction; The Instruction Protocol - a framework to guide your instruction and planning; Significant resources to help with lesson planning, assessment, goal setting, and parent involvement; A revised CAFE menu and a checklist of skills for emerging readers; New and improved forms for both the online conferring notebook and a pencil/paper notebook to support more effective conferring with students; The addition of CAFE's Essential Elements, a resource to guide your understanding of student-focused instruction; And new and revised Ready Reference Guides that include when to teach the strategy, options differentiating instruction, and partner strategies. The CAFE Book, Expanded Second Edition gives you a variety of tools to structure your literacy block and create an environment where your students are engaged readers and writers with resources that set them up for success. This CAFE system is all you need to support, guide, and coach your students toward the strategies that will move them forward.

This book presents a participatory action research study exploring the social identity and academic literacies of bilingual preservice teachers. It describes the transformative experiences of undergraduate students during their participation in a program specially designed to develop bilingual teachers in Hawaii, USA. Further, it discusses how the curriculum and instruction in the classroom provide a 'third space' for facilitating peer interaction and critical reflection on such issues as academic literacy, heritage language education, and teacher identity. In doing so, it connects ideas of social identity and academic literacies of bilingual preservice teachers to the "real work" of mentoring and teaching PreK-12 students themselves.

This book closely examines the ways in which many popular, internationally-published Japanese young adult manga graphic novel titles frame instances of K-12 school-situated violence and bullying. Manga is a Japanese literary medium that has grown worldwide as an increasingly visible fixture of young adults' recreational reading habits. The author uncovers the medium's most prevalent patterns of defining, depicting, and discussing school-situated violence and bullying. Through the lens of socio-cultural media frame analysis, he explores what these patterns might indicate about young adults' preexisting views and beliefs about occurrences of violence and bullying within their own school environments. This in-depth investigation of manga literature provides important information pertaining to the pedagogies and practices of K-12 teachers and school administrators, as well as detailed advice for parents of young adult manga fans.

This book discusses aspects of the theory and practice of qualitative research in the specific context of language and literacy education. It addresses epistemological perspectives, methodological problems, and practical considerations related to research involvements in areas of language education and literacy studies rather than generic issues of other fields of social sciences. The volume starts with Theoretical Considerations in the first part and raises some epistemological and theoretical concerns that are rarely debated in the specific context of research on language and literacy teaching. The second part, Methodological Approaches explores issues of the design and implementation of language and literacy education research within the framework of some of the major established qualitative research traditions. Finally, the part on Research in Action discusses practical aspects of a few actual instances of qualitative research on language and literacy education in different contexts.

This book investigates the history of writing as a cultural practice in a variety of contexts and periods. It analyses the rituals and practices determining intimate or 'ordinary' writing as well as bureaucratic and religious writing. From the inscribed images of 'pre-literate' societies, to the democratization of writing in the modern era, access to writing technology and its public and private uses are examined. In ten studies, presented by leading historians of scribal culture from seven countries, the book investigates the uses of writing in non-alphabetical as well as alphabetical script, in societies ranging from Native America and ancient Korea to modern Europe. The authors emphasise the material characteristics of writing, and in so doing they pose questions about the definition of writing itself. Drawing on expertise in various disciplines, they give an up-to-date account of the current state of knowledge in a field at the forefront of 'Book History'.

This book is designed to encourage and support in-service and pre-service teachers who want to conduct classroom-based action research about literacy teaching and learning. It can be used by individuals, small groups, or in education courses that include action research projects. The aim of the text is to facilitate active engagement in the process of action research. Comprehensive explanations of various research methods and approaches are not included; the content is pragmatic and provides the novice researcher with a solid, experience-based foundation for developing research knowledge and skills. It is hoped that readers, upon completing this text, will continue learning about and conducting action research, honing their skills and increasing their knowledge. Additional resources for further development are included in the final chapter of the book.

This book offers comprehensive coverage of critical literacies by pursuing a balanced approach to theory, research, and practice. By clarifying the gaps among the frameworks of critical literacies, the author discusses new ways of approaching them from global and multicultural perspectives and provides an instructional model of critical global literacies that draws on her own experience and an extensive literature review. This insightful book also documents teachers' case studies, focusing on their voices and instructional approaches in diverse classrooms. The author critically analyses the case studies and offers important suggestions for future research and practice.

We inhabit a textually super-saturated and increasingly literate world. This volume encourages readers to consider the diverse methodologies used by historians of reading globally, and indicates how future research might take up the challenge of recording and interpreting the practices of readers in an increasingly digitized society.

The increasing reliance of our educational system on standardized tests has precipitated a national debate. This debate, however, has proceeded with little attention to the tests themselves. This book makes a scholarly contribution to the debate by using the methods of discourse analysis to examine not only representative material from reading tests but also children's responses to it. The book is particularly attentive to the role of culture in shaping children's understanding of what they read.

The issues of literacy and illiteracy have made their presence felt in every country of the world. Anyone who has explored these issues quickly comes to understand that, because the acquisition of basic literacy is no longer enough, these concerns may never go away entirely. This bibliography is conceived as a starting point for continued research and study in the areas of literacy and illiteracy. Chapter one deals with international and national research in literacy. The international research section is subdivided into sections pertaining to cross-cultural, cross-national, world literacy, and world regional research in literacy. The national research section lists countries alphabetically with the United States being further subdivided into general and state-by-state sections. Illiteracy and UNESCO and literacy in the third world are the subjects of chapters two and three respectively. Cross-referencing is provided by author and subject indexes. This volume provides much-needed access to information on literacy and illiteracy for teaching, research, and planning purposes.

"Reading has a history. But how can we recover it?" This volume brings together original research essays focusing on the history of reading in the British Isles, using evidence ranging from library records to Mass Observation surveys to highlight the social factors that influence a seemingly private, individual activity.

This book discusses current issues in literacy teacher education and illuminates the complexity of supporting self-efficacious educators to teach language and literacy in the twenty-first century classroom. In three sections, chapter authors first detail how teacher education programs can be revamped to include content and methods to inspire self-efficacy in pre-service teachers, then reimagine how teacher candidates can be set up for success toward obtaining this. The final section encourages readers to ruminate on the interplay among teacher candidates as they transition into practice and work to have both self- and collective- efficacy.

Addressed to researchers in Applied Linguistics, and to professional teachers working in, or studying teaching and learning processes in, multilingual classrooms, "Critical Reading in Language Education" offers a distinctive contribution to the question of how foreign language learners can be helped to acquire effective literacy in English. At the heart of the book is first-hand classroom research by the author as both teacher and researcher, demonstrating an innovative research methodology and empirical evidence to support a critical reading pedagogy.