This book provides conceptual understanding of machine learning algorithms though supervised, unsupervised, and advanced learning techniques. The book consists of four parts: foundation, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and advanced learning. The first part provides the fundamental materials, background, and simple machine learning algorithms, as the preparation for studying machine learning algorithms. The second and the third parts provide understanding of the supervised learning algorithms and the unsupervised learning algorithms as the core parts. The last part provides advanced machine learning algorithms: ensemble learning, semi-supervised learning, temporal learning, and reinforced learning. Provides comprehensive coverage of both learning algorithms: supervised and unsupervised learning; Outlines the computation paradigm for solving classification, regression, and clustering; Features essential techniques for building the a new generation of machine learning.

RDF-based knowledge graphs require additional formalisms to be fully context-aware, which is presented in this book. This book also provides a collection of provenance techniques and state-of-the-art metadata-enhanced, provenance-aware, knowledge graph-based representations across multiple application domains, in order to demonstrate how to combine graph-based data models and provenance representations. This is important to make statements authoritative, verifiable, and reproducible, such as in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and cybersecurity applications, where the data source and generator can be just as important as the data itself. Capturing provenance is critical to ensure sound experimental results and rigorously designed research studies for patient and drug safety, pathology reports, and medical evidence generation. Similarly, provenance is needed for cyberthreat intelligence dashboards and attack maps that aggregate and/or fuse heterogeneous data from disparate data sources to differentiate between unimportant online events and dangerous cyberattacks, which is demonstrated in this book. Without provenance, data reliability and trustworthiness might be limited, causing data reuse, trust, reproducibility and accountability issues. This book primarily targets researchers who utilize knowledge graphs in their methods and approaches (this includes researchers from a variety of domains, such as cybersecurity, eHealth, data science, Semantic Web, etc.). This book collects core facts for the state of the art in provenance approaches and techniques, complemented by a critical review of existing approaches. New research directions are also provided that combine data science and knowledge graphs, for an increasingly important research topic.

Machine learning has become one of the most prevalent topics in recent years. The application of machine learning we see today is a tip of the iceberg. The machine learning revolution has just started to roll out. It is becoming an integral part of all modern electronic devices. Applications in automation areas like automotive, security and surveillance, augmented reality, smart home, retail automation and healthcare are few of them. Robotics is also rising to dominate the automated world. The future applications of machine learning in the robotics area are still undiscovered to the common readers. We are, therefore, putting an effort to write this edited book on the future applications of machine learning on robotics where several applications have been included in separate chapters. The content of the book is technical. It has been tried to cover all possible application areas of Robotics using machine learning. This book will provide the future vision on the unexplored areas of applications of Robotics using machine learning. The ideas to be presented in this book are backed up by original research results. The chapter provided here in-depth look with all necessary theory and mathematical calculations. It will be perfect for laymen and developers as it will combine both advanced and introductory material to form an argument for what machine learning could achieve in the future. It will provide a vision on future areas of application and their approach in detail. Therefore, this book will be immensely beneficial for the academicians, researchers and industry project managers to develop their new project and thereby beneficial for mankind. Original research and review works with model and build Robotics applications using Machine learning are included as chapters in this book.

This book provides readers with a guide to the use of Digital Twin in manufacturing. It presents a collection of fundamental ideas about sensor electronics and data acquisition, signal and image processing techniques, seamless data communications, artificial intelligence and machine learning for decision making, and explains their necessity for the practical application of Digital Twin in Industry. Providing case studies relevant to the manufacturing processes, systems, and sub-systems, this book is beneficial for both academics and industry professionals within the field of Industry 4.0 and digital manufacturing.

This book constitutes the Second 3D Head and Neck Tumor Segmentation in PET/CT Challenge, HECKTOR 2021, which was held in conjunction with the 24th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2021. The challenge took place virtually on September 27, 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The 29 contributions presented, as well as an overview paper, were carefully reviewed and selected form numerous submissions. This challenge aims to evaluate and compare the current state-of-the-art methods for automatic head and neck tumor segmentation. In the context of this challenge, a dataset of 325 delineated PET/CT images was made available for training.

This book presents a unique, understandable view of machine learning using many practical examples and access to free professional software and open source code. The user-friendly software can immediately be used to apply everything you learn in the book without the need for programming. After an introduction to machine learning and artificial intelligence, the chapters in Part II present deeper explanations of machine learning algorithms, performance evaluation of machine learning models, and how to consider data in machine learning environments. In Part III the author explains automatic speech recognition, and in Part IV biometrics recognition, face- and speaker-recognition. By Part V the author can then explain machine learning by example, he offers cases from real-world applications, problems, and techniques, such as anomaly detection and root cause analyses, business process improvement, detecting and predicting diseases, recommendation AI, several engineering applications, predictive maintenance, automatically classifying datasets, dimensionality reduction, and image recognition. Finally, in Part VI he offers a detailed explanation of the AI-TOOLKIT, software he developed that allows the reader to test and study the examples in the book and the application of machine learning in professional environments. The author introduces core machine learning concepts and supports these with practical examples of their use, so professionals will appreciate his approach and use the book for self-study. It will also be useful as a supplementary resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on machine learning and artificial intelligence.

This is an open access book.Statistical machine learning (ML) has triggered a renaissance of artificial intelligence (AI). While the most successful ML models, including Deep Neural Networks (DNN), have developed better predictivity, they have become increasingly complex, at the expense of human interpretability (correlation vs. causality). The field of explainable AI (xAI) has emerged with the goal of creating tools and models that are both predictive and interpretable and understandable for humans. Explainable AI is receiving huge interest in the machine learning and AI research communities, across academia, industry, and government, and there is now an excellent opportunity to push towards successful explainable AI applications. This volume will help the research community to accelerate this process, to promote a more systematic use of explainable AI to improve models in diverse applications, and ultimately to better understand how current explainable AI methods need to be improved and what kind of theory of explainable AI is needed. After overviews of current methods and challenges, the editors include chapters that describe new developments in explainable AI. The contributions are from leading researchers in the field, drawn from both academia and industry, and many of the chapters take a clear interdisciplinary approach to problem-solving. The concepts discussed include explainability, causability, and AI interfaces with humans, and the applications include image processing, natural language, law, fairness, and climate science.

This book focuses on privacy and security concerns in big data and differentiates between privacy and security and privacy requirements in big data. It focuses on the results obtained after applying a systematic mapping study and implementation of security in the big data for utilizing in business under the establishment of "Business Intelligence". The chapters start with the definition of big data, discussions why security is used in business infrastructure and how the security can be improved. In this book, some of the data security and data protection techniques are focused and it presents the challenges and suggestions to meet the requirements of computing, communication and storage capabilities for data mining and analytics applications with large aggregate data in business.

This practical book provides an end-to-end guide to TensorFlow, the leading open source software library that helps you build and train neural networks for deep learning, Natural Language Processing (NLP), speech recognition, and general predictive analytics. The book provides a hands-on approach to TensorFlow fundamentals for a broad technical audience-from data scientists and engineers to students and researchers. The authors begin by working through some basic examples in TensorFlow before diving deeper into topics such as CNN, RNN, LSTM, and GNN. The book is written for those who want to build powerful, robust, and accurate predictive models with the power of TensorFlow, combined with other open source Python libraries. The authors demonstrate TensorFlow projects on Single Board Computers (SBCs).

From its inception, artificial intelligence (AI) has had a rather ambivalent relationship with humans-swinging between their augmentation and replacement. Now, as AI technologies enter our everyday lives at an ever-increasing pace, there is a greater need for AI systems to work synergistically with humans. One critical requirement for such synergistic human-AI interaction is that the AI systems' behavior be explainable to the humans in the loop. To do this effectively, AI agents need to go beyond planning with their own models of the world, and take into account the mental model of the human in the loop. At a minimum, AI agents need approximations of the human's task and goal models, as well as the human's model of the AI agent's task and goal models. The former will guide the agent to anticipate and manage the needs, desires and attention of the humans in the loop, and the latter allow it to act in ways that are interpretable to humans (by conforming to their mental models of it), and be ready to provide customized explanations when needed. The authors draw from several years of research in their lab to discuss how an AI agent can use these mental models to either conform to human expectations or change those expectations through explanatory communication. While the focus of the book is on cooperative scenarios, it also covers how the same mental models can be used for obfuscation and deception. The book also describes several real-world application systems for collaborative decision-making that are based on the framework and techniques developed here. Although primarily driven by the authors' own research in these areas, every chapter will provide ample connections to relevant research from the wider literature. The technical topics covered in the book are self-contained and are accessible to readers with a basic background in AI.

Incorporate deep learning into your development projects through hands-on coding and the latest versions of deep learning software, such as TensorFlow 2 and Keras. The materials used in this book are based on years of successful online education experience and feedback from thousands of online learners. You'll start with an introduction to AI, where you'll learn the history of neural networks and what sets deep learning apart from other varieties of machine learning. Discovery the variety of deep learning frameworks and set-up a deep learning development environment. Next, you'll jump into simple classification programs for hand-writing analysis. Once you've tackled the basics of deep learning, you move on to TensorFlow 2 specifically. Find out what exactly a Tensor is and how to work with MNIST datasets. Finally, you'll get into the heavy lifting of programming neural networks and working with a wide variety of neural network types such as GANs and RNNs. Deep Learning is a new area of Machine Learning research widely used in popular applications, such as voice assistant and self-driving cars. Work through the hands-on material in this book and become a TensorFlow programmer! What You'll Learn Develop using deep learning algorithms Build deep learning models using TensorFlow 2 Create classification systems and other, practical deep learning applications Who This Book Is For Students, programmers, and researchers with no experience in deep learning who want to build up their basic skillsets. Experienced machine learning programmers and engineers might also find value in updating their skills.

This book focuses on various advanced technologies which integrate with machine learning to assist one of the most leading industries, healthcare. It presents recent research works based on machine learning approaches supported by medical and information communication technologies with the use of data and image analysis. The book presents insight about techniques which broadly deals in delivery of quality, accurate and affordable healthcare solutions by predictive, proactive and preventative methods. The book also explores the possible use of machine learning in enterprises, such as enhanced medical imaging/diagnostics, understanding medical data, drug discovery and development, robotic surgery and automation, radiation treatments, creating electronic smart records and outbreak prediction.

This book constitutes the Second Diabetic Foot Ulcers Grand Challenge, DFUC 2021, which was held on September 27, 2021, in conjunction with the 24th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2021. The challenge took place virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 6 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 14 submissions. There is also an overview paper on the challenge and datasets and one summary paper of DFUC 2021.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Big Data Analytics, BDA 2021, which took place virtually during December 7-9, 2021.The 15 full papers and 1 short paper included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 60 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Data science: systems; data science: architectures; big data analytics in healthcare support systems, information interchange of web data resources; and business analytics.

The three volume set LNCS 13155, 13156, and 13157 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2021, which was held online during December 3-5, 2021. The total of 145 full papers included in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 403 submissions. They cover the many dimensions of parallel algorithms and architectures including fundamental theoretical approaches, practical experimental projects, and commercial components and systems. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I, LNCS 13155: Deep learning models and applications; software systems and efficient algorithms; edge computing and edge intelligence; service dependability and security algorithms; data science; Part II, LNCS 13156: Software systems and efficient algorithms; parallel and distributed algorithms and applications; data science; edge computing and edge intelligence; blockchain systems; deept learning models and applications; IoT; Part III, LNCS 13157: Blockchain systems; data science; distributed and network-based computing; edge computing and edge intelligence; service dependability and security algorithms; software systems and efficient algorithms.

This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license This open access book brings together the latest genome base prediction models currently being used by statisticians, breeders and data scientists. It provides an accessible way to understand the theory behind each statistical learning tool, the required pre-processing, the basics of model building, how to train statistical learning methods, the basic R scripts needed to implement each statistical learning tool, and the output of each tool. To do so, for each tool the book provides background theory, some elements of the R statistical software for its implementation, the conceptual underpinnings, and at least two illustrative examples with data from real-world genomic selection experiments. Lastly, worked-out examples help readers check their own comprehension.The book will greatly appeal to readers in plant (and animal) breeding, geneticists and statisticians, as it provides in a very accessible way the necessary theory, the appropriate R code, and illustrative examples for a complete understanding of each statistical learning tool. In addition, it weighs the advantages and disadvantages of each tool.

This book contains original, peer-reviewed research articles from the Second International Conference on Recent Trends in Machine Learning, IoT, Smart Cities and Applications, held in March 28-29th 2021 at CMR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana India. It covers the latest research trends and developments in areas of machine learning, artificial intelligence, neural networks, cyber-physical systems, cybernetics, with emphasis on applications in smart cities, Internet of Things, practical data science and cognition. The book focuses on the comprehensive tenets of artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning to emphasize its use in modelling, identification, optimization, prediction, forecasting and control of future intelligent systems. Submissions were solicited of unpublished material, and present in-depth fundamental research contributions from a methodological/application perspective in understanding artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches and their capabilities in solving a diverse range of problems in industries and its real-world applications.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 25th Iberoamerican Congress on Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications, CIARP 2021, which took place during May 10-13, 2021. The conference was initially planned to take place in Porto, Portugal, but changed to a virtual event due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 45 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 82 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: medical applications; natural language processing; metaheuristics; image segmentation; databases; deep learning; explainable artificial intelligence; image processing; machine learning; and computer vision.

This book embodies principles and applications of advanced soft computing approaches in engineering, healthcare and allied domains directed toward the researchers aspiring to learn and apply intelligent data analytics techniques. The first part covers AI, machine learning and data analytics tools and techniques and their applications to the class of several hospital and health real-life problems. In the later part, the applications of AI, ML and data analytics shall be covered over the wide variety of applications in hospital, health, engineering and/or applied sciences such as the clinical services, medical image analysis, management support, quality analysis, bioinformatics, device analysis and operations. The book presents knowledge of experts in the form of chapters with the objective to introduce the theme of intelligent data analytics and discusses associated theoretical applications. At last, it presents simulation codes for the problems included in the book for better understanding for beginners.

This handbook presents state-of-the-art research in reinforcement learning, focusing on its applications in the control and game theory of dynamic systems and future directions for related research and technology. The contributions gathered in this book deal with challenges faced when using learning and adaptation methods to solve academic and industrial problems, such as optimization in dynamic environments with single and multiple agents, convergence and performance analysis, and online implementation. They explore means by which these difficulties can be solved, and cover a wide range of related topics including: deep learning; artificial intelligence; applications of game theory; mixed modality learning; and multi-agent reinforcement learning. Practicing engineers and scholars in the field of machine learning, game theory, and autonomous control will find the Handbook of Reinforcement Learning and Control to be thought-provoking, instructive and informative.

[FIRST EDITION] This accessible textbook presents an introduction to computer vision algorithms for industrially-relevant applications of X-ray testing. Features: introduces the mathematical background for monocular and multiple view geometry; describes the main techniques for image processing used in X-ray testing; presents a range of different representations for X-ray images, explaining how these enable new features to be extracted from the original image; examines a range of known X-ray image classifiers and classification strategies; discusses some basic concepts for the simulation of X-ray images and presents simple geometric and imaging models that can be used in the simulation; reviews a variety of applications for X-ray testing, from industrial inspection and baggage screening to the quality control of natural products; provides supporting material at an associated website, including a database of X-ray images and a Matlab toolbox for use with the book's many examples.

This book analyzes the multimodal verbal and nonverbal behavior of humans in both an artificial game, based on the well-known Mafia and Resistance games, as well as selected other settings. This book develops statistical results linking different types of facial expressions (e.g. smile, pursed lips, raised eyebrows), vocal features (e.g., pitch, loudness) and linguistic features (e.g., dominant language, turn length) with both unary behaviors (e.g. is person X lying?) to binary behaviors (Is person X dominant compared to person Y? Does X trust Y? Does X like Y?). In addition, this book describes machine learning and computer vision-based algorithms that can be used to predict deception, as well as the visual focus of attention of people during discussions that can be linked to many binary behaviors. It is written by a multidisciplinary team of both social scientists and computer scientists. Meetings are at the very heart of human activity. Whether you are involved in a business meeting or in a diplomatic negotiation, such an event has multiple actors, some cooperative and some adversarial. Some actors may be deceptive, others may have complex relationships with others in the group. This book consists of a set of 11 chapters that describe the factors that link human behavior in group settings and attitudes to facial and voice characteristics. Researchers working in social sciences (communication, psychology, cognitive science) with an interest in studying the link between human interpersonal behavior and facial/speech/linguistic characteristics will be interested in this book. Computer scientists, who are interested in developing machine learning and deep learning based models of human behavior in group settings will also be interested in purchasing this book.

This volume constitutes selected papers presented at the 28th International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing, IWSSIP 2021, held in Bratislava, Slovakia, in June 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held online. The presented 14 full and 5 short papers were thorougly reviewed and selected from the 76 submissions. The papers focus on various aspects of advanced signal processing in different scientific areas, including filter design, Fourier and other transforms, feature extraction, machine learning and system adaptation to user-oriented products like 5G networks, IoT, virtual teleport or tele-surgery operations.

This book presents applications of machine learning techniques in processing multimedia large-scale data. Multimedia such as text, image, audio, video, and graphics stands as one of the most demanding and exciting aspects of the information era. The book discusses new challenges faced by researchers in dealing with these large-scale data and also presents innovative solutions to address several potential research problems, e.g., enabling comprehensive visual classification to fill the semantic gap by exploring large-scale data, offering a promising frontier for detailed multimedia understanding, as well as extract patterns and making effective decisions by analyzing the large collection of data.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 43rd DAGM German Conference on Pattern Recognition, DAGM GCPR 2021, which was held during September 28 - October 1, 2021. The conference was planned to take place in Bonn, Germany, but changed to a virtual event due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The 46 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 116 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: machine learning and optimization; actions, events, and segmentation; generative models and multimodal data; labeling and self-supervised learning; applications; and 3D modelling and reconstruction.