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Books > Professional & Technical > Mechanical engineering & materials
This book reports on an original approach to problems of loci. It
shows how the theory of mechanisms can be used to address the locus
problem. It describes the study of different loci, with an emphasis
on those of triangle and quadrilateral, but not limited to them.
Thanks to a number of original drawings, the book helps to
visualize different type of loci, which can be treated as curves,
and shows how to create new ones, including some aesthetic ones, by
changing some parameters of the equivalent mechanisms. Further, the
book includes a theoretical discussion on the synthesis of
mechanisms, giving some important insights into the correlation
between the generation of trajectories by mechanisms and the
synthesis of those mechanisms when the trajectory is given, and
presenting approximate solutions to this problem. Based on the
authors' many years of research and on their extensive knowledge
concerning the theory of mechanisms, and bridging between geometry
and mechanics, this book offers a unique guide to mechanical
engineers and engineering designers, mathematicians, as well as
industrial and graphic designers, and students in the
above-mentioned fields alike.
This book introduces the concept of unsteady aerodynamics and its
underlying principles. The author provides the readers with a
comprehensive review of the fundamental physics of free and forced
unsteadiness, the terminology and basic equations of aerodynamics
ranging from incompressible flow to hypersonics. The book also
covers modern topics related to the developments made in recent
years, especially in relation to wing flapping for propulsion. The
book is written for graduate and senior year undergraduate students
in aerodynamics and also serves as a reference for experienced
researchers. Each chapter includes ample examples, questions,
problems and relevant references. This 3rd edition includes a new
chapter about unsteady applications related to the thrust
optimization, aerodynamic stability and trim because there has been
much progress in unsteady applications of the flapping wing
technology. In addition, further material is presented in Appendix
for evaluating the stability derivatives so that no derivation of
equations is left incomplete but not overdone in the text.
This book focuses on multi-model systems, describing how to apply
intelligent technologies to model complex multi-model systems by
combining stochastic jumping system, neural network and fuzzy
models. It focuses on robust filtering, including finite-time
robust filtering, finite-frequency robust filtering and higher
order moment robust filtering schemes, as well as fault detection
problems for multi-model jump systems, such as observer-based
robust fault detection, filtering-based robust fault detection and
neural network-based robust fault detection methods. The book also
demonstrates the validity and practicability of the theoretical
results using simulation and practical examples, like circuit
systems, robot systems and power systems. Further, it introduces
readers to methods such as finite-time filtering, finite-frequency
robust filtering, as well as higher order moment and neural
network-based fault detection methods for multi-model jumping
systems, allowing them to grasp the modeling, analysis and design
of the multi-model systems presented and implement filtering and
fault detection analysis for various systems, including circuit,
network and mechanical systems.
This book is the first monograph focusing on ellipsoidal heads,
which are commonly used as an end closure of pressure vessels in
chemical, petroleum, nuclear, marine, aerospace and food processing
industries. It provides a comprehensive coverage of stress,
failure, design and fabrication of ellipsoidal heads. This book
investigates in detail buckling/plastic collapse behaviors of
ellipsoidal heads using nonlinear finite element methods and
experiments. Buckling/plastic collapse experiments are performed on
37 ellipsoidal heads which cover various geometric parameters,
material and fabrication methods. In particular, modern measurement
technologies, such as 3D laser scanning, are used in the
experiments of these ellipsoidal heads including large heads with a
diameter up to 5 metres. Moreover, this book presents new formulas
for accurate prediction of buckling/plastic collapse pressures of
ellipsoidal heads. Using elastic-plastic theory, this book proposes
a new failure mechanism-based method for design of ellipsoidal
heads. Compared to other methods in current codes and standards
based on elastic or perfectly plastic theory, the new design method
can fully develop the head's load-carrying capacity, which reduces
head thickness and thus cost. Also, this book studies control on
fabrication quality of ellipsoidal heads, including shape
deviation, forming strain and forming temperature. It is useful as
a technical reference for researchers and engineers in the fields
of engineering mechanics, engineering design, manufacturing
engineering and industrial engineering.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and optimal shape design (OSD)
are of practical importance for many engineering applications - the
aeronautic, automobile, and nuclear industries are all major users
of these technologies.
Giving the state of the art in shape optimization for an extended
range of applications, this new edition explains the equations
needed to understand OSD problems for fluids (Euler and Navier
Strokes, but also those for microfluids) and covers numerical
simulation techniques. Automatic differentiation, approximate
gradients, unstructured mesh adaptation, multi-model
configurations, and time-dependent problems are introduced,
illustrating how these techniques are implemented within the
industrial environments of the aerospace and automobile industries.
With the dramatic increase in computing power since the first
edition, methods that were previously unfeasible have begun giving
results. The book remains primarily one on differential shape
optimization, but the coverage of evolutionary algorithms,
topological optimization methods, and level set algortihms has been
expanded so that each of these methods is now treated in a separate
chapter.
Presenting a global view of the field with simple mathematical
explanations, coding tips and tricks, analytical and numerical
tests, and exhaustive referencing, the book will be essential
reading for engineers interested in the implementation and solution
of optimization problems. Whether using commercial packages or
in-house solvers, or a graduate or researcher in aerospace or
mechanical engineering, fluid dynamics, or CFD, the second edition
will help the reader understand and solve design problems in this
exciting area of research and development, and will prove
especially useful in showing how to apply the methodology to
practical problems.
The original role of RP was to confirm the shape and feel of
concept design, but innovations in RP now allow for the development
of sophisticated medical devices such as catheters, stents, drug
delivery systems, syringes and cardio-vascular devices, and more.
RP has moved beyond medical devices, as surgeons now regularly use
RP models to brainstorm strategies for surgeries. This book
presents new uses for rapid prototyping in state-of-the-art medical
applications.
The planning and control of the production process represents a
fundamental part of modern manufacturing technology. This book
provides an essential introduction to the basic principles involved
and is specially written for BTEC HNC/D programmes in mechanical
and production engineering. The aim is to give the reader a
practical and comprehensive appreciation and understanding of the
ways in which manufacturing companies are organised; the nature and
diversity of engineering products; the organisation of production
and the planning and control of production. Production Planning and
Control covers the BTEC units Control of Manu639-5 Manufacture
U38/188 and Production Planning and Control U38/189.
This book reports the most recent, advanced, successful, and real
applications of ergonomics in order to improve the human well-being
and performance in a short term, as well as the organizational
performance in a long term. The book is organized as follows:
Physical Ergonomics. This section reports case studies where
physical risk factors are presented in the workplace, such as
physical risk factors including uncomfortable body postures,
repetitive movements, force application, manual material handling,
and physical environmental conditions. In addition, case studies
must report applications from physical ergonomics methods, for
instance, RULA, REBA, OWAS, NIOSH, JSI, Suzane Rodgers, ERIN, among
others. Cognitive Ergonomics. This section reports the
implementation of ergonomic tools, techniques, and methods in real
case studies. These applications are aimed to know, decrease, and
control cognitive and psychological risk factors, such as mental
workload, information processing, situation awareness, human error
identification, and interface analysis. These applications may
include the following methods NASA-TLX, SWAT, CWA, SHERPA, HET,
TAFEI, SAGAT, SART, SACRI, QUIS, SUMI, to mention a few of them.
Macro-ergonomics. This section is focused on the analysis, design,
and evaluation of work systems. It reports case studies where risk
factors are beyond a specific workstation. These risk factors may
include supervision styles, teamwork management, task variety,
social relationships, organizational culture, organizational
communication, technology, work schedules, and motivation, among
others. In addition, case studies report the application of
macro-ergonomic methods, such as MOQS, focus group, participatory
ergonomics, HITOP, MAS, and MEAD, among others.
This book summarizes the research being pursued as part of the
Erasmus+ CBHE KA2 project entitled "Development of master curricula
for natural disasters risk management in Western Balkan countries"
(NatRisk), which aims to educate experts on the prevention and
management of natural disasters in the Western Balkan region in
line with national and EU policies. The project has successfully
developed and implemented master curricula and educational training
in the field of natural disasters risk management, and a
methodology for the identification and prevention of natural
disasters. Consisting of 11 chapters, the book analyzes and
discusses topics such as risk assessment tools and quality methods,
the different approaches for civil-military collaboration, natural
disasters risk management in Bosnia and Herzegovina, leadership
models for managing crises resulting from natural disasters,
natural disasters in industrial areas, natural risk management in
geotechnics, flood risk modeling, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference
models for flood prediction, collapse prediction of masonry arches,
an algorithm for fire truck dispatch in emergency situations, and
processing drought data in a GIS environment.
This book highlights key recent developments in air conditioning
technologies for cooling and dehumidification with the specific
objectives to improve energy efficiency and to minimize
environmental impact. Today, air conditioning, comprising cooling
and dehumidification, is a necessity in commercial and residential
buildings and even in many industrial processes. This book provides
key update on recent developments in air conditioning systems,
cooling cycles and innovative cooling/dehumidification
technologies. Key technologies related to cooling include
heat-driven absorption and adsorption cooling and water-based dew
point evaporative cooling. Technologies connected with
dehumidification involve new generations of adsorbent-desiccant
dehumidifiers, liquid-based desiccants and membranes that sieve out
water vapor from air. Losses in cooling cycles and thermo-economic
analysis for a sustainable economy are also judiciously documented.
This book provides an up-to-date overview on the membrane
technology for the drinking water treatment. The applications of
PVDF-TiO2 nanowire hybrid ultrafiltration membrane, nanofiltration
membrane, forward osmosis membrane, etc. in water treatment are
discussed in detail. With abundant practical examples, the book is
an essential reference for scientists, students and engineers in
municipal engineering, environmental engineering, chemical
engineering, environmental chemistry and material science.
This book reviews the current knowledge on tunable hydrogels,
including the range of different materials and applications, as
well as the existing challenges and limitations in the field. It
covers various aspects of the material design, particularly
highlighting biological responsiveness, degradability and
responsiveness to external stimuli. In this book, readers will
discover original research data and state-of-the-art reviews in the
area of hydrogel technology, with a specific focus on biotechnology
and medicine. Written by leading experts, the contributions outline
strategies for designing tunable hydrogels and offer a detailed
evaluation of the physical and synthetic methods currently employed
to achieve specific hydrogel properties and responsiveness. This
highly informative book provides important theoretical and
practical insights for scholars and researchers working with
hydrogels for biomedical and biotechnological applications.
This book deals with mathematical modeling, namely, it describes
the mathematical model of heat transfer in a silicon cathode of
small (nano) dimensions with the possibility of partial melting
taken into account. This mathematical model is based on the phase
field system, i.e., on a contemporary generalization of Stefan-type
free boundary problems. The approach used is not purely
mathematical but is based on the understanding of the solution
structure (construction and study of asymptotic solutions) and
computer calculations. The book presents an algorithm for numerical
solution of the equations of the mathematical model including its
parallel implementation. The results of numerical simulation
concludes the book. The book is intended for specialists in the
field of heat transfer and field emission processes and can be
useful for senior students and postgraduates.
The scientific theme of the book concerns "Manufacturing as a
Service (MaaS)" which is developed in a layered cloud networked
manufacturing perspective, from the shop floor resource sharing
model to the virtual enterprise collaborative model, by
distributing the cost of the manufacturing infrastructure -
equipment, software, maintenance, networking - across all
customers. MaaS is approached in terms of new models of
service-oriented, knowledge-based manufacturing systems optimized
and reality-aware, that deliver value to customer and manufacturer
via Big data analytics, Internet of Things communications, Machine
learning and Digital twins embedded in Cyber-Physical System
frameworks. From product design to after-sales services, MaaS
relies on the servitization of manufacturing operations such as:
Design as a Service, Predict as a Service or Maintain as a service.
The general scope of the book is to foster innovation in smart and
sustainable manufacturing and logistics systems and in this context
to promote concepts, methods and solutions for the digital
transformation of manufacturing through service orientation in
holonic and agent-based control with distributed intelligence. The
book's readership is comprised by researchers and engineers working
in the manufacturing value chain area who develop and use digital
control solutions in the 'Industry of the Future' vision. The book
also addresses to master and Ph.D. students enrolled in Engineering
Sciences programs.
This book highlights cutting-edge ecodesign research, covering
product and service design, smart manufacturing, and social
perspectives in ecodesign. Featuring selected papers presented at
EcoDesign 2019: 11th International Symposium on Environmentally
Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing, it also includes
diverse, interdisciplinary approaches to foster ecodesign research
and activities. In the context of Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs), it addresses the need for the manufacturing industry to
design innovations for sustainable value creation, taking into
account technological developments, legislation, and consumer
lifestyles. Further, the book discusses the concept of circular
economy, which originated in Europe and aims to increase resource
efficiency by shifting away from the linear economy. Focusing on
product life cycle design and management, smart manufacturing,
circular economy, and business strategies, and providing useful
approaches and solutions to these emerging concepts, this book is
intended for both researchers and practitioners working in the
broad field of ecodesign and sustainability.
Recent advances in scientific computing have caused the field of
aerodynamics to change at a rapid pace, simplifying the design
cycle of aerospace vehicles enormously - this book takes the
readers from core concepts of aerodynamics to recent research,
using studies and real-life scenarios to explain problems and their
solutions. This book presents in detail the important concepts in
computational aerodynamics and aeroacoustics taking readers from
the fundamentals of fluid flow and aerodynamics to a more in-depth
analysis of acoustic waves, aeroacoustics, computational modelling
and processing. This book will be of use to students in multiple
branches of engineering, physics and applied mathematics.
Additionally, the book can also be used as a text in professional
development courses for industry engineers and as a self-help
reference for active researchers in both academia and the industry.
This book presents a comprehensive introduction to the field of
structural vibration reduction control, but may also be used as a
reference source for more advanced topics. The content is divided
into four main parts: the basic principles of structural vibration
reduction control, structural vibration reduction devices,
structural vibration reduction design methods, and structural
vibration reduction engineering practices. As the book strikes a
balance between theoretical and practical aspects, it will appeal
to researchers and practicing engineers alike, as well as graduate
students.
This book discusses systems of damage detection and structural
health monitoring in mechanical, civil, and aerospace structures.
It utilizes principles of fuzzy logic, probability theory, and
signal processing to develop systems and approaches that are robust
in the presence of both noise in the data and variations in
properties of materials which are intrinsic to the process of mass
production. This volume will be useful to graduate students,
researchers, and engineers working in this area, especially those
looking to understand and address model uncertainty in their
algorithms.
This book presents machine learning as a set of pre-requisites,
co-requisites, and post-requisites, focusing on mathematical
concepts and engineering applications in advanced welding and
cutting processes. It describes a number of advanced welding and
cutting processes and then assesses the parametrical
interdependencies of two entities, namely the data analysis and
data visualization techniques, which form the core of machine
learning. Subsequently, it discusses supervised learning,
highlighting Python libraries such as NumPy, Pandas and Scikit
Learn programming. It also includes case studies that employ
machine learning for manufacturing processes in the engineering
domain. The book not only provides beginners with an introduction
to machine learning for applied sciences, enabling them to address
global competitiveness and work on real-time technical challenges,
it is also a valuable resource for scholars with domain knowledge.
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