|
Books > Professional & Technical > Mechanical engineering & materials
This book contains a thorough and unique record of recent advances
in the important scientific fields fluid-structure interaction,
acoustics and control of priority interest in the academic
community and also in an industrial context regarding new
engineering designs. It updates advances in these fields by
presenting state-of-the-art developments and achievements since the
previous Book published by Springer in 2018 after the 4th FSSIC
Symposium. This book is unique within the related literature
investigating advances in these fields because it addresses them in
a complementary way and thereby enhances cross-fertilization
between them, whereas other books treat these fields separately.
This book gathers the proceedings of the 4th International
Conference on Mechanical Engineering and Applied Composite
Materials (MEACM), held in Beijing, China on October 24-25, 2020.
The conference brought together researchers from several countries
and covered all major areas of mechanical engineering and applied
composite materials, new applications and current trends. The
topics covered include: structure and design, mechanical
manufacturing and automation, robotics and mechatronics, mechanical
behavior of nanomaterials, nanocomposites, and composite mechanics.
Given its scope, the book offers a source of information and
inspiration for researchers seeking to improve their work and
gather new ideas for future developments.
This book presents the proceedings of the 4th International
Symposium on Materials and Sustainable Development ISMSD2019
(CIMDD2019), will include a 3-day Conference (12 - 14 November).
Organized by the Research Unit: Materials, Processes and
Environment and M'hamed Bougara University of Boumerdes (Algeria)
in partnership with University of Reims - Champagne-Ardenne
(France), this symposium follows the success of CIMDD
2013-2015-2017 and continues the traditions of the highly
successful series of International Conferences on the materials,
processes and Environment. The Symposium will provide a unique
topical forum to share the latest results of the materials and
sustainable development research in Algeria and worldwide.
This handbook covers basic concepts in mechanical engineering and
mechatronics, including stress and strain, mechanics of solids,
internal combustion engines, refrigeration, fluid mechanics,
control systems, actuation, robotics, electro-mechanical systems,
hydraulics, and more. Using step by step examples and numerous
illustrations, the book is designed with a "self-teaching"
methodology, including a variety of exercises with corresponding
answers to enhance mastery of the content. Mechanical engineering
and mechatronics concepts provide the skill sets in
cross-disciplinary subjects which are needed in modern
manufacturing industries. Features Covers basic concepts in
mechanical engineering and mechatronics, including stress and
strain, mechanics of solids, internal combustion engines,
refrigeration, fluid mechanics, control systems, actuation,
robotics, and electro-mechanical systems Includes a variety of
exercises (with answers), such as conceptual questions, multiple
choice, and fill-in the blanks, to enhance mastery of the content
This book is intended as a study aid for the finite element method.
Based on the free computer algebra system Maxima, we offer routines
to symbolically or numerically solve problems from the context of
two-dimensional problems. For this rather advanced topic, classical
'hand calculations' are difficult to perform and the incorporation
of a computer algebra system is a convenient approach to handle,
for example, larger matrix operations. The mechanical theories
focus on the classical two-dimensional structural elements, i.e.,
plane elements, thin or classical plates, and thick or shear
deformable plate elements. The use of a computer algebra system and
the incorporated functions, e.g., for matrix operations, allows to
focus more on the methodology of the finite element method and not
on standard procedures. Furthermore, we offer a graphical user
interface (GUI) to facilitate the model definition. Thus, the user
may enter the required definitions in a source code manner directly
in wxMaxima or use the GUI which is able to execute wxMaxime to
perform the calculations.
Acetylenic precursors are important reactants for creating
carbon-based architectures via linkage reactions. While their
capability of forming intermolecular bonds is well investigated in
solution, very few systematic studies have been carried out to
create alkyne-based nanostructures on metal substrates under
ultra-high vacuum conditions. Synthesizing extended and regular
carbon scaffolds requires a detailed knowledge of alkyne chemistry
in order to control reaction pathways and limit unwanted side
reactions. Using the bottom-up approach on metal surfaces, the
authors establish protocols to fabricate regular architectures
built up by the on-surface formation of selective organometallic
and C-C bonds with thoughtfully designed alkyne-functionalized
monomers. The structural and functional properties of the resulting
organometallic and covalent nanostructures are characterized by
means of scanning tunneling microscopy. The results open up new
perspectives in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis and the
on-surface synthesis of functional interfaces under mild reaction
conditions.
This book focuses on the development of novel combustion approaches
and burner designs for clean power generation in gas turbines. It
shows the reader how to control the release of pollutants to the
environment in an effort to reduce global warming. After an
introduction to global warming issues and clean power production
for gas turbine applications, subsequent chapters address premixed
combustion, burner designs for clean power generation, gas turbine
performance, and insights on gas turbine operability. Given its
scope, the book can be used as a textbook for graduate-level
courses on clean combustion, or as a reference book to accompany
compact courses for mechanical engineers and young researchers
around the world.
The Pigments from Microalgae Handbook presents the current state of
knowledge on pigment production using microalgae-based processes,
and covers both the scientific fundamentals of this technology and
its practical applications. It addresses biology, chemistry,
biochemistry, analysis and engineering aspects, as well as
applications of natural pigments in photosynthetic organisms. The
book also describes the analytical procedures associated with the
characterization of pigments and the engineering aspects of
microalgal pigment production. It considers the three major classes
of pigments(chlorophylls, carotenoids and phycobiliproteins)
produced and surveys the main commercial applications of these
chemicals. The book offers a valuable source of information for
industrial researchers and practitioners in industrial
biotechnology, as it covers various engineering aspects of
microalgal pigment production, such as bioreactors and
bioprocesses, industrial extraction processes, and the bioeconomy
of production including life-cycle assessment. The book will also
be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students of
biochemistry, food chemistry, and industrial microbiology.
This book introduces readers to the fundamental physics and
chemistry of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC),
followed by discussions on recent advances in low platinum
electrocatalysis and related catalyst development for PEMFC (the
book's primary focus), methods of membrane electrode assembly (MEA)
fabrication for low platinum catalysts, and durability issues in
connection with MEA. While energy and environmental issues are
becoming the two main subjects in global sustainable development,
the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a clean and
efficient new energy technology, has attracted more and more
attention in recent years The major hurdle for more extensive
applications of the PEMFC, especially for the automotive sector, is
the high platinum loading requirement. Readers will gain a
comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals and methods of low
platinum PEMFC. This book is intended for researchers, engineers
and graduate students in the fields of new energy technology, the
fuel cell vehicle industry and fuel cell design.
This book addresses the experimental calibration of best-estimate
numerical simulation models. The results of measurements and
computations are never exact. Therefore, knowing only the nominal
values of experimentally measured or computed quantities is
insufficient for applications, particularly since the respective
experimental and computed nominal values seldom coincide. In the
author's view, the objective of predictive modeling is to extract
"best estimate" values for model parameters and predicted results,
together with "best estimate" uncertainties for these parameters
and results. To achieve this goal, predictive modeling combines
imprecisely known experimental and computational data, which calls
for reasoning on the basis of incomplete, error-rich, and
occasionally discrepant information. The customary methods used for
data assimilation combine experimental and computational
information by minimizing an a priori, user-chosen, "cost
functional" (usually a quadratic functional that represents the
weighted errors between measured and computed responses). In
contrast to these user-influenced methods, the BERRU (Best Estimate
Results with Reduced Uncertainties) Predictive Modeling methodology
developed by the author relies on the thermodynamics-based maximum
entropy principle to eliminate the need for relying on minimizing
user-chosen functionals, thus generalizing the "data adjustment"
and/or the "4D-VAR" data assimilation procedures used in the
geophysical sciences. The BERRU predictive modeling methodology
also provides a "model validation metric" which quantifies the
consistency (agreement/disagreement) between measurements and
computations. This "model validation metric" (or "consistency
indicator") is constructed from parameter covariance matrices,
response covariance matrices (measured and computed), and response
sensitivities to model parameters. Traditional methods for
computing response sensitivities are hampered by the "curse of
dimensionality," which makes them impractical for applications to
large-scale systems that involve many imprecisely known parameters.
Reducing the computational effort required for precisely
calculating the response sensitivities is paramount, and the
comprehensive adjoint sensitivity analysis methodology developed by
the author shows great promise in this regard, as shown in this
book. After discarding inconsistent data (if any) using the
consistency indicator, the BERRU predictive modeling methodology
provides best-estimate values for predicted parameters and
responses along with best-estimate reduced uncertainties (i.e.,
smaller predicted standard deviations) for the predicted
quantities. Applying the BERRU methodology yields optimal,
experimentally validated, "best estimate" predictive modeling tools
for designing new technologies and facilities, while also improving
on existing ones.
This peer-reviewed book explores the technologies driving broadband
internet connectivity in the fourth industrial revolution (Industry
4.0). It particularly focuses on potential solutions to introduce
these technologies in emerging markets and rural areas, regions
that typically form part of the digital divide and often have
under-developed telecommunications infrastructures, a lack of
skilled workers, and geographical restrictions that limit broadband
connectivity. Research shows that ubiquitous internet access boosts
socio-economic growth through innovations in science and
technology, with the common goal of bringing positive change to the
lives of individuals. Fifth-generation (5G) networks based on
millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency information transfer have the
potential to provide future-proof, affordable and sustainable
broadband connectivity in areas where previous-generation mobile
networks were unable to do so. This book discusses the principles
of various technologies that enable electronic circuits to operate
at mm-wave frequencies. It examines the importance of identifying,
describing, and analyzing technology from a purely technological
standpoint, but also acknowledges and investigates the challenges
and limitations of introducing such technologies in emerging
markets. Presenting recent research, the book spearheads
participation in Industry 4.0 in these areas.
The Phase Field Crystal (PFC) model incorporates microscopic
structural details into a mesoscopic continuum theory. Methods for
fast propagation of PFC interfaces are discussed in this book. They
can handle a wide range of thermal gradients, supersaturations and
supercoolings, including applications such as selective laser
melting. The reader will find theoretical treatment in the first
half, while the latter half discusses numerical models.
Industrial Catalytic Processes for Fine and Specialty Chemicals
provides a comprehensive methodology and state-of-the art toolbox
for industrial catalysis. The book begins by introducing the reader
to the interesting, challenging, and important field of catalysis
and catalytic processes. The fundamentals of catalysis and
catalytic processes are fully covered before delving into the
important industrial applications of catalysis and catalytic
processes, with an emphasis on green and sustainable technologies.
Several case studies illustrate new and sustainable ways of
designing catalysts and catalytic processes. The intended audience
of the book includes researchers in academia and industry, as well
as chemical engineers, process development chemists, and
technologists working in chemical industries and industrial
research laboratories.
This book comprises state-of-the-art advances in energy,
combustion, power, propulsion, environment, focusing on the
production and utilization of fossil fuels, alternative fuels and
biofuels. It is written by internationally renowned experts who
provide the latest fundamental and applied research innovations on
cleaner energy production as well as utilization for a wide range
of devices extending from micro scale energy conversion to
hypersonic propulsion using hydrocarbon fuels. The tailored
technical tracks and contributions are portrayed in the respective
field to highlight different but complementary views on fuels,
combustion, power and propulsion and air toxins with special focus
on current and future R&D needs and activities. This book will
serve as a useful reference for practicing engineers, research
engineers and managers in industry and research labs, academic
institutions, graduate students, and final year undergraduate
students in mechanical, chemical, aerospace, energy, and
environmental engineering.
This book provides methods and concepts which enable engineers to
design mass and cost efficient products. Therefore, the book
introduces background and motivation related to sustainability and
lightweight design by looking into those aspects from a durability
and quality point of view. Hence this book gives a "top-down"
approach: What does an engineer has to do for providing a mass and
cost efficient solution? A central part of that approach is the
"stress-strength interference model" and how to deal with
"stresses" (caused by operational loads) as well as with the
"strength" of components (provided by material, design and
manufacturing process). The basic concepts of material fatigue are
introduced, but the focus of the volume is to develop an
understanding of the content and sequence of engineering tasks to
be performed which help to build reliable products. This book is
therefore aimed specifically at students of mechanical engineering
and mechatronics and at engineers in professional practice.
This book presents the proceedings of the 30th International
Conference on Robotics in Alpe-Adria-Danube Region, RAAD 2021, held
in Poitiers, France, 21-23 June 2021. It gathers contributions by
researchers from several countries on all major areas of robotic
research, development and innovation, as well as new applications
and current trends. The topics covered include: novel designs and
applications of robotic systems, intelligent cooperating and
service robots, advanced robot control, human-robot interfaces,
robot vision systems, mobile robots, humanoid and walking robots,
bio-inspired and swarm robotic systems, aerial, underwater and
spatial robots, robots for ambient assisted living, medical robots
and bionic prostheses, cognitive robots, cloud robotics, ethical
and social issues in robotics, etc. Given its scope, the book
offers a source of information and inspiration for researchers
seeking to improve their work and gather new ideas for future
developments.
In today's global context, there has been extensive research
conducted in reducing harmful emissions to conserve and protect our
environment. In the automobile and power generation industries,
diesel engines are being utilized due to their high level of
performance and fuel economy. However, these engines are producing
harmful pollutants that contribute to several global threats
including greenhouse gases and ozone layer depletion. Professionals
have begun developing techniques to improve the performance and
reduce emissions of diesel engines, but significant research is
lacking in this area. Recent Technologies for Enhancing Performance
and Reducing Emissions in Diesel Engines is a pivotal reference
source that provides vital research on technical and environmental
enhancements to the emission and combustion characteristics of
diesel engines. While highlighting topics such as biodiesel
emulsions, nanoparticle additives, and mathematical modeling, this
publication explores the potential additives that have been
incorporated into the performance of diesel engines in order to
positively affect the environment. This book is ideally designed
for chemical and electrical engineers, developers, researchers,
power generation professionals, mechanical practitioners, scholars,
ecologists, scientists, graduate students, and academicians seeking
current research on modern innovations in fuel processing and
environmental pollution control.
This book develops innovative techniques from operational research
and management science for the design and implementation of a
reconfigurable manufacturing system (RMS), and subsequently
analyzes and assesses their performance. A reconfigurable
manufacturing system (RMS) is a paradigm that can address many of
the challenges posed by the modern market. Accordingly, substantial
research is now being conducted on RMS, focusing on various levels
of decision-making (strategic, tactical and operational). However,
as a relatively new research area, there are still only very few
books and articles available on reconfigurable manufacturing system
design and management. In addition to filling that gap, this book
provides a forum for investigating, exchanging ideas on, and
disseminating the latest advances in the broad area of RMS
applications in today's industry. Gathering contributions by
experts from academia, industry and policy-making, it represents an
essential contribution to the existing literature on manufacturing
and logistics in general and industry 4.0 in particular.
This book addresses the concepts of unstable flow solutions,
convective instability and absolute instability, with reference to
simple (or toy) mathematical models, which are mathematically
simple despite their purely abstract character. Within this
paradigm, the book introduces the basic mathematical tools, Fourier
transform, normal modes, wavepackets and their dynamics, before
reviewing the fundamental ideas behind the mathematical modelling
of fluid flow and heat transfer in porous media. The author goes on
to discuss the fundamentals of the Rayleigh-Benard instability and
other thermal instabilities of convective flows in porous media,
and then analyses various examples of transition from convective to
absolute instability in detail, with an emphasis on the
formulation, deduction of the dispersion relation and study of the
numerical data regarding the threshold of absolute instability. The
clear descriptions of the analytical and numerical methods needed
to obtain these parametric threshold data enable readers to apply
them in different or more general cases. This book is of interest
to postgraduates and researchers in mechanical and thermal
engineering, civil engineering, geophysics, applied mathematics,
fluid mechanics, and energy technology.
This book presents a generalised computational model for the
degradation of resorbable composites, using analytic expressions to
represent the interwoven phenomena present during degradation. It
then combines this modelling framework with a comprehensive
database of quantitative degradation data mined from existing
literature and from novel experiments, to provide new insights into
the interrelated factors controlling degradation. Resorbable
composites made of biodegradable polyesters and calcium-based
ceramics have significant therapeutic potential as tissue
engineering scaffolds, as temporary implants and as drug-loaded
matrices for controlled release. However, their degradation is
complex and the rate of resorption depends on multiple connected
factors such as the shape and size of the device, polymer chemistry
and molecular weight, particle phase, size, volume fraction,
distribution and pH-dependent dissolution properties. Understanding
and ultimately predicting the degradation of resorbable composites
is of central importance if we are to fully unlock the promise of
these materials.
This book offers a tutorial on the response of materials to lasers,
with an emphasis on simple, intuitive models with analytical and
mathematical solutions, using techniques such as Laplace
Transformation to solve most complex heat conduction equations. It
examines the relationship between existing thermal parameters of
simple metals and looks at the characteristics of materials and
their properties in order to investigate and perform theoretical
analysis from a heat conduction perspective mathematically. Topics
discussed include optical reflectivity of metals at infrared (IR)
wavelengths, laser-induced heat flow in materials, the effects of
melting and vaporization, the impulse generated in materials by
pulsed radiation, and the influence of the absorption in the
blow-off region in irradiated material. Written for engineers,
scientists, and graduate-level engineering and physics students,
Thermal Effects of High Power Laser Energy on Materials provides an
in-depth look at high energy laser technology and its potential
industrial and commercial applications in such areas as precision
cutting, LIDAR and LADAR, and communications. The knowledge gained
from this allows you to apply spaced-based relay mirror in order to
compensate laser beam divergence back to its original coherency by
preventing further thermal blooming that takes place during laser
beam propagation through the atmosphere. Examines the
state-of-the-art in currently available high energy laser
technologies; Includes computer codes that deal with the response
of materials to laser radiation; Provides detailed mathematical
solutions of thermal response to laser radiation.
|
|