Multiferroics, materials with a coexistence of magnetic and ferroelectric order, provide an efficient route for the control of magnetism by electric fields. The authors cover multiferroic thin-film heterostructures, device architectures and domain/interface effects. They critically discuss achievements as well as limitations and assess opportunities for future applications.

Thermal spraying is a dynamic process and a rapidly changing field which is used in a variety of industries to solve a number of challenging problems including performance enhancement and extending the life of industrial components which are subjected to wear corrosion. Thermal Sprayed Coatings and their Tribological Performances showcases the latest research surrounding the development and use of thermal spraying techniques as well as the benefits of using thermal sprayed coatings in the industrial sector. Focusing on practical solutions that can be applied to real-world settings, this publication is ideally designed for academicians, upper-level students, as well as engineers and operations managers across industries.

"Damage on Pumps and Systems. The Handbook for the Operation of Centrifugal Pumps" offers a combination of the theoretical basics and practical experience for the operation of circulation pumps in the engineering industry.

Centrifugal pumps and systems are extremely vulnerable to damage from a variety of causes, but the resulting breakdown can be prevented by ensuring that these pumps and systems are operated properly. This book provides a total overview of operating centrifugal pumps, including condition monitoring, preventive maintenance, life cycle costs, energy savings and economic aspects. Extra emphasis is given to the potential damage to these pumps and systems, and what can be done to prevent breakdown.
Addresses specific issues about pumping of metal chips, sand, abrasive dust and other solids influidsEmphasis on economic and efficiency aspects of predictive maintenance and condition monitoring Uses life cycle costs (LCC) to evaluate and calculatethe costs of pumping systems "

This volume discusses the role of MOFs in removal of pharmaceutical pollutants. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are advanced porous materials and are promising adsorbents with facile modifications, high specific surface area, controllable porosity, and tailored surface properties. Pharmaceutical pollution is an issue of concern due to its effects on environment. Recently, researchers have designed MOFs for use in remediation.

This book presents state-of-the-art coverage of synthesis of advanced functional materials. Unconventional synthetic routes play an important role in the synthesis of advanced materials as many new materials are metastable and cannot be synthesized by conventional methods. This book presents various synthesis methods such as conventional solid-state method, combustion method, a range of soft chemical methods, template synthesis, molecular precursor method, microwave synthesis, sono-chemical method and high-pressure synthesis. It provides a comprehensive overview of synthesis methods and covers a variety of materials, including ceramics, films, glass, carbon-based, and metallic materials. Many techniques for processing and surface functionalization are also discussed. Several engineering aspects of materials synthesis are also included. The contents of this book are useful for researchers and professionals working in the areas of materials and chemistry.

This book describes the fundamentals and potential applications of friction stir superplasticity for unitized structures . Conventional superplastic forming of sheets is limited to the thickness of 3 mm because the fine grained starting material is produced by rolling. Friction stir superplasticity has grown rapidly in the last decade because of the effectiveness of microstructural refinement. The thickness of the material remains almost constant, and that allows for forming of thick sheets/plates, which was not possible before. The field has reached a point where designers have opportunities to expand the extent of unitized structures, which are structures in which the traditional primary part and any supporting structures are fabricated as a single unit. With advanced optimization and material considerations, this class of structures can be lighter weight and more efficient, making them less costly, as well as mechanically less complex, reducing areas of possible failure.
Discusses how friction stir processing allows selective microstructural refinement without thickness changeDemonstrates how higher thickness sheets and plates can be superplastically formedExamples are presented for aluminum, magnesium and titanium alloysCovers the production of low-cost unitized structures by selectively processing cast sheets/plates "

Nanoparticle therapeutics: Production Technologies, Types of Nanoparticles, and Regulatory Aspects employs unique principles for applications in cell-based therapeutics, diagnostics and mechanistics for the study of organ physiology, disease etiology and drug screening of advanced nanoparticles and nanomaterials. The book focuses on the extrapolation of bioengineering tools in the domain of nanotechnology and nanoparticles therapeutics, fabrication, characterization and drug delivery aspects. It acquaints scientists and researchers on the experiential and experimental aspects of nanoparticles and nanotechnology to equip their rational application in various fields, especially in differential diagnoses and in the treatment of diverse diseased states. This complete resource provides a holistic understanding of the principle behind formation, characterization, applications, regulations and toxicity of nanoparticles employing myriad principles of nanotechnology. Investigators, pharmaceutical researchers, and advanced students working on technology advancement in the areas of designing targeted therapies, nanoscale imaging systems and diagnostic modalities in human diseases where nanoparticles can be used as a critical tool for technology advancement in drug delivery systems will find this book useful.

The cutting edges on engineering tools must lie at precise angles to ensure effective cutting, and sharpening must recreate the original geometry of each tool. This book provides an understanding of what is involved in sharpening typical lathe, milling, drilling and threading tools. With over 550 photographs and illustrations this new book covers sharpening techniques for the most commonly used engineering tools, screwdrivers and gravers, lathe, milling, reaming, drilling and threading cutters. It identifies the two principal types of workhead, and discusses the ways in which their geometry affects typical sharpening setups. It teaches how to use the three basic movements of swing, tilt and rotate to position a tool against a grinding wheel to ensure correct tool angles and sharp cutting edges. Contains useful tables for setting cutting and clearance angles and provides general advice on tool and cutter grinders, and includes examples of the use of workholders to suit a range of tools. Includes information on abrasive materials and the types and shapes of grinding wheel suitable for use on a tool and cutter grinder. Finally, it shows photos of accessories that can be made to simplify setups, including workheads, toolholders and fixtures used to hold circular saws, parting tools and dies, as well as an angle gauge to quickly set clearance angles on reamers and milling cutters.

Fluoropolymers continue to enable new materials and technologies as a result of their remarkable properties. This book reviews fluoropolymer platforms of established commercial interest, as well as recently discovered methods for the preparation and processing of new fluorinated materials. It covers the research and development of fluoropolymer synthesis, characterization, and processing. Emphasis is placed on emerging technologies in optics, space exploration, fuel cells, microelectronics, gas separation membranes, biomedical instrumentation, and much more. In addition, the book covers the current environmental concerns associated with fluoropolymers, as well as relevant regulations and potential growth opportunities. Concepts, studies, and new discoveries are taken from leading international laboratories, including academia, government, and industrial institutions.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanomaterials illustrates how to biologically scale up silver nanoparticle synthesis. This book covers green synthesis of silver nanomaterials, via plants, agricultural waste, fungi, and microorganisms. Sections cover the synthesis and characterization of chemical and green synthesis, various types of silver nanomaterialism, the ability of different fungal species, such as filamentous fungi, to produce silver nanoparticles, the microbial synthesis of silver NMs, biosynthesis mechanisms, toxicity, fate and commercialization. As examples, greener pathways and mechanisms, toxicity of silver nanoparticles in aquatic life and in natural eco-systems, and strategies for the scaling up of green-synthesized nanomaterials are discussed. With the extended work in enhancing nanomaterials synthesis performance, and discovering their biomedical, environmental, and agricultural applications, it is hoped that the execution of these methods on a large scale and their industrial applications in different fields will take place in the near future.

"Extended Finite Element Method" provides an introduction to the extended finite element method (XFEM), a novel computational method which has been proposed to solve complex crack propagation problems. The book helps readers understand the method and make effective use of the XFEM code and software plugins now available to model and simulate these complex problems.

The book explores the governing equation behind XFEM, including level set method and enrichment shape function. The authors outline a new XFEM algorithm based on the continuum-based shell and consider numerous practical problems, including planar discontinuities, arbitrary crack propagation in shells and dynamic response in 3D composite materials.
Authored by an expert team from one of China's leading academic and research institutionsOffers complete coverage of XFEM, from fundamentals to applications, with numerous examplesProvides the understanding needed to effectively use the latest XFEM code and software tools to model and simulate dynamic crack problems

This book provides introductory, comprehensive, and concise descriptions of amorphous chalcogenide semiconductors and related materials. It includes comparative portraits of the chalcogenide and related materials including amorphous hydrogenated Si, oxide and halide glasses, and organic polymers. It also describes effects of non-equilibrium disorder, in comparison with those in crystalline semiconductors.

The majority of the chemical elements form chemical compounds with molecules of higher dimension (i.e., substantially exceeding three). This fact is very important for the analysis of molecular interactions in various areas: nanomedicine, nanotoxicology, and quantum biology. The Geometry of Higher-Dimensional Polytopes contains innovative research on the methods and applications of the structures of binary compounds. It explores the study of geometry polytopes from a higher-dimensional perspective, taking into account the features of polytopes that are models of chemical compounds. While highlighting topics including chemical compounds, symmetry transformation, and DNA structures, this book is ideally designed for researchers, academicians, and students seeking current research on dimensions present in binary compounds.