This study on Kapsiki-Higi tales compares two corpuses of stories collected over two generations. In this oral setting, folktales appear much more dynamic than usually assumed, depending on genre, performance and the memory characteristics of the tales themselves. In northeastern Nigeria the author collected these tales twice with a time gap of two generations, in order to assess the dynamics of this oral transmission. The comparison between the two corpuses shows that folktales are a much more dynamic cultural system than is usually thought. These dynamics affect some types of tales more than others, reflect social change and intergroup contact, but also depend on characteristics of the tales themselves. Cognitive approaches of memory shed light on these varieties of transmission, as do performance aspects in tale telling, in particular ideophones.

"The Origins and History of Consciousness" draws on a full range of world mythology to show how individual consciousness undergoes the same archetypal stages of development as human consciousness as a whole. Erich Neumann was one of C. G. Jung's most creative students and a renowned practitioner of analytical psychology in his own right. In this influential book, Neumann shows how the stages begin and end with the symbol of the Uroboros, the tail-eating serpent. The intermediate stages are projected in the universal myths of the World Creation, Great Mother, Separation of the World Parents, Birth of the Hero, Slaying of the Dragon, Rescue of the Captive, and Transformation and Deification of the Hero. Throughout the sequence, the Hero is the evolving ego consciousness.

Featuring a foreword by Jung, this Princeton Classics edition introduces a new generation of readers to this eloquent and enduring work.

The Book of Changes, or I-Ching, is the primary reference work for advanced Armabella. While any version of the Book of Changes can be used, the commentaries in most are, at best, unhelpful and, at worst, misleading for the purposes of Armabella practice since they lean towards divination and philosophy, rather than the heavy focus on direct, real-time practical application that lies at the heart of Armabella. This is Armabella's own commentary-free version of the book, and has significantly better and more extensive cross referencing, as well as using Armabella's standard naming conventions for the Trigrams and Hexagrams, the unique SCRE classification system, and providing easy-access references for 21s in situ for all entries. This book is not suitable for beginners.

Mythology flows like a subterranean stream throughout Hawai'i. Rita Knipe has selected a number of characteristic myths and mythological figures from the rich pantheon of Hawaiian deities. As she retells their stories, illustrated by Hawaii artist Dietrich Varez, the transposition of such primal drama to the pages of this book becomes poetic theater. The dramatic plots are myths and legends chosen from the oral traditions of unique island people, but the underlying themes and symbols are archetypal and eternal. Drawing parallels between Hawaiian mythology, universal patterns, and individual behavior, the author illustrates certain basic Jungian concepts and explains how we express them in the drama of our own lives.

Wherever vampires existed in the imaginations of different peoples, they adapted themselves to the customs of the local culture. As a result, vampire lore is extremely diverse. So too, representations of the vampire in creative works have been marked by much originality. In "The Vampyre" (1819), John Polidori introduced Lord Ruthven and established the vampire craze of the 19th century that resulted in a flood of German vampire poetry, French vampire drama, and British vampire fiction. This tradition culminated in Bram Stoker's "Dracula" (1897), which fixed the character of the Transylvanian nobleman as the archetypal vampire firmly in the public imagination. Numerous films drew from Stoker's novel to varying degrees, with each emphasizing different elements of his vampire character. And more recent writers have created works in which vampirism is used to explore contemporary social concerns.

The contributors to this volume discuss representations of the vampire in fiction, folklore, film, and popular culture. The first section includes chapters on Stoker and his works, with attention to such figures as Oscar Wilde and Edvard Munch. The second section explores the vampire in film and popular culture from Bela Lugosi to "Blacula." The volume then looks at such modern writers as Anne Rice and Chelsea Quinn Yarbro who have adapted the vampire legend to meet their artistic needs. A final section studies contemporary issues, such as vampirism as a metaphor for AIDS in ""Killing Zoe."

Fairies fascinate young and old alike. To some they offer tantalizing glimpses of other worlds, to others a subversive counterpoint to human arrogance and weakness. Like no other author, Katharine Briggs throughout her work communicated the thrill and delight of the world of fairies, and in this book she articulated for the first time the history of that world in tradition and literature. From every period and every country, poets and storytellers have described a magical world inhabited by elfin spirits. Capricious and vengeful, or beautiful and generous, they've held us in thrall for generations. And on a summer's morn, as the dew dries softly on the grass, if you kneel and look under a toadstool, well ...

Robinson Crusoe explores Defoe's story, the legend it captured, the universal desire which underlies the myth and a range of modern re-writings which reveal a continued fascination with the problematic character of this narrative. Whether envisaged as an heroic rejection of the old world order, a piece of pre-colonialist propaganda or a tale raising archetypal problems of 'otherness' and 'inequality', the mythic value of Crusoe has become a pretext over many centuries for an examination of some of the fundamental problems of existence. This collection of essays examines, from a wide range of critical and philosophical perspectives, the cultural manifestations of Robinson Crusoe in different centuries, in different media, in different genres.

Enthralling tales of the sea, rivers and lakes from around the globe.

Folklore of the seas and rivers has a resonance in cultures all over the world. Watery hopes, fears and dreams are shared by all peoples where rivers flow and waves crash. This fascinating book covers English sailor superstitions and shape-shifting pink dolphins of the Amazon, Scylla and Charybdis, the many guises of Mami Wata, the tale of the Yoruba River spirit, the water horses of the Scottish lochs, the infamous mystery of the Bermuda Triangle, and much more.

Accompanied by stunning woodcut illustrations, popular authors Dee Dee Chainey and Willow Winsham explore the deep history and enduring significance of water folklore the world over, from mermaids, selkies and sirens to ghostly ships and the fountains of youth.

With this book, Folklore Thursday aims to encourage a sense of belonging across all cultures by showing how much we all have in common.

Routledge Library Editions: Folklore is a collection of previously out-of-print titles from a variety of academic imprints. It provides in one place a wealth of important reference sources on a wide variety of folklore topics. The international authors include academics from a number of worldwide universities, and many are the acknowledged experts in their respective fields. The books span a wide date range, demonstrating both the development of the field and, at the same time, providing valuable background to current academic thinking. This set contains many essential texts, available now for the first time in some years, and is an invaluable resource on the study of folklore.

The Vikings Reimagined explores the changing perception of Norse and Viking cultures across different cultural forms, and the complex legacy of the Vikings in the present day. Bringing together experts in literature, history and heritage engagement, this highly interdisciplinary collection aims to reconsider the impact of the discipline of Old Norse Viking Studies outside the academy and to broaden our understanding of the ways in which the material and textual remains of the Viking Age are given new meanings in the present. The diverse collection draws attention to the many roles that the Vikings play across contemporary culture: from the importance of Viking tourism, to the role of Norse sub-cultures in the formation of local and international identities. Together these collected essays challenge the academy to rethink its engagement with popular reiterations of the Vikings and to reassess the position afforded to 'reception' within the discipline.

West Virginia University Press is pleased to bring back into print Witches, Ghosts, and Signs, the 1975 classic by the late Patrick W. Gainer, renowned West Virginia folklorist and West Virginia University English professor from 1946 through 1972. Based on material Gainer collected from over fifty years of field research in West Virginia and the region, Witches, Ghosts, and Signs presents the rich heritage of the southern Appalachians in a way that has never been equaled. Passed down from generation to generation from as far back as the earliest settlers in the region come tales of the strange and supernatural--ghosts, witches, hauntings, disappearances, and unexplained murders--stories that raise goose bumps and send chills down spines. Included in the collection are such Appalachian classics as The Black Cat Murders, The Witchery of Mary Leadum, The Bewitched Pigs, The Headless Rider of Spruce Lick, and The Poltergeist of Petersburg. According to Gainer, he himself heard ghostly music coming from an abandoned house at midnight, an incident which is described in Jim Barton's Fiddle. In addition to the many accounts of strange happenings, Gainer presents fascinating material about Appalachian superstitions, planting by moon signs, weather forecasting, and mountaineer doctoring. From his own experience and from the reminiscences of old-timers, the author offers historical background on mountaineers. His key to the pronunciation and vocabulary of indigenous populations makes audible the unique speech patterns of mountain people and provides a linguistic key to today's regional dialects. Gainer also relates social events of years gone by, such as molasses boiling, serenades fornewlyweds, and the busybody's favorite: telephone party lines. This carefully collected and preserved collection of folklore is a delight for readers of all ages and a wonderful teaching text for secondary and higher education classes in West Virginia and Appalachian folklore, and in the study of oral traditions. This new edition of Witches, Ghosts, and Signs includes an introduction and a folk motif index, by Dt. Judy Byers, founder and director of the West Virginia Folklife Center at Fairmont State University and a former student of Dr. Gainer.

Must a folktale be connected to its culture? Can a tale with universal applications be transmitted from one culture to another without loss? Does a teller from one culture have the ability--or even the right--to relate a tale from another culture? What happens to a tale when it leaves the oral and adult arenas and appears in print for children? Is it legitimate for a reteller to create variants to suit a child audience? Children's literature is today the major conduit for folklore, and professionals in the field must consider these questions. Editors Gary Schmidt and Donald Hettinga have brought together twenty-three writers of children's literature, illustrators, storytellers, and literary critics, who explore the issues and offer their experiences and views. The scope of the volume is the North American folktale, a rich amalgam of four major distinct traditions: the Native American folktale, the African American folktale, the retold Western European folktale, and the American tall tale. Each tradition is separately presented with an introductory survey and a selection of essays by the writers and critics. This focused collection will be valuable to scholars and professions in folklore, anthropology, American literature, and children's literature and useful also as a text in courses on children's literature and folklore.

The Honours of Scotland tells the turbulent story of the Honours - Scotland's crown jewels - and the equally dramatic tale of the Stone of Destiny. Over the centuries, Scotland's monarchy experienced relentless conflict and shifts in power. But throughout all of the struggles, there remained one stalwart reminder of the authority of the monarchy: the Honours of Scotland. For centuries, these priceless objects were entangled in the intrigues of Scottish noble and royal families. Hidden, stolen, mended, remade - and now taking pride of place on display in Edinburgh Castle - their survival depended on the brave actions of many Scots. Existing at the crossroads of myth and tradition, ceremony and legitimacy, the Honours and the Stone of Destiny transcended the sway of individual kings and queens to become proud symbols of Scottish identity and power.

Voyages in Classical Mythology takes 44 great classical adventure tales of mythology and exploration and retells them in this beautifully written volume. Organized by character or traveler's name, each entry includes a description of the voyager's life, their journey, alternate versions of the story, symbolism, cross-references, and a list of ancient sources. Each entry in Voyages in Classical Mythology is accompanied by a map, helping readers trace the routes of heroes and deities whose quests took them to such faraway destinations as Egypt, Sparta, Troy, and the Black Sea. Tales include some of mythology's greatest moments, including Daedalus's trip to Crete, his entrapment in the labyrinth he designed, and the fateful flight back to Italy with his son, Icarus; Helen's voyage from Greece to Troy and back again; and Orpheus's journey to the Underworld to retrieve his bride. Voyages in Classical Mythology also includes a convenient glossary of relevant terms from Greek and Roman Mythology and a detailed index. The eloquent text makes the complex themes of classical scholarship accessible to a wide range of readers. Students and nonspecialists of any age will thoroughly enjoy these fascinating journeys. Well-illustrated, each entry is accompanied by a map, helping readers trace the routes of heroes and deities Includes a convenient glossary of relevant terms from Greek and Roman Mythology Provides a detailed index for easy access to entries