Electromagnetic waves have long been used in medical settings for diagnostic purposes, such as for the detection of cancerous tissues, stroke events or cardiovascular risk, as the behaviour of the waves upon meeting their target gives pertinent information for diagnostic and imaging purposes. This edited book presents advances in the use of electromagnetic waves and antennas in healthcare settings, both as diagnostic tools (such as radar-based imaging, holographic microwave imaging, thermoacoustic imaging systems), and therapeutic interventions (such as microwave ablation therapies for cancer). Written by an international team of biomedical engineering researchers, it discusses all aspects related to the design and modelling of electromagnetic imaging techniques, electromagnetic devices, wireless implants, wearable systems and wireless sensor networks and in vitro and in vivo testing. Design issues for wearable antennas, wearable sensors, magnetic coils and coil array issues are explored and biomedical applications such as cancer detection, stoke event detection, GI diagnostics, and cardiovascular risk prediction are discussed. The book also explores scattering problems of electromagnetic waves between different tissues, and how these complex scattering problems can be resolved. This book will be of interest to researchers and engineers in the electromagnetic wave community, those in antenna research, biomedical engineering and related fields.

The author is ready to assert that practically none of the readers of this book will ever happen to deal with large doses of radiation. But the author, without a shadow of a doubt, claims that any readers of this book, regardless of gender, age, financial situation, type of professional activity, and habits, are actually exposed to low doses of radiation throughout their life. This book is devoted to the effect of small doses on the body. To understand the basic effects of radiation on humans, the book contains the necessary information from an atomic, molecular and nuclear physics, as well as from biochemistry and biology. Special attention is paid to the issues that are either not considered or discussed very briefly in existing literature. Examples include the ionization of inner atomic shells that play an essential role in radiological processes, and the questions of transformation of the energy of ionizing radiation in matter. The benefits of ionizing radiation to mankind is reflected in a wide range of radiation technologies used in science, industry, agriculture, culture, art, forensics, and, what is the most important application, medicine. Radiation: Fundamentals, Applications, Risks and Safety provides information on the use of radiation in modern life, its usefulness and indispensability. Experiments on the effects of small doses on bacteria, fungi, algae, insects, plants and animals are described. Human medical experiments are inhuman and ethically flawed. However, during the familiarity of mankind with ionizing radiation, a large number of population groups were subject to accumulation, exposed to radiation at doses of small but exceeding the natural background radiation. This book analyzes existing, real-life radiation results from survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chernobyl and Fukushima, and examines studies of radiation effect on patients, radiologists, crews of long-distant flights and astronauts, on miners of uranium copies, on workers of nuclear industry and on militaries, exposed to ionizing radiation on a professional basis, and on the population of the various countries receiving environmental exposure. The author hopes that this book can mitigate the impact of radiation phobia, which prevails in the public consciousness over the last half century.

Functional Nanostructured Interfaces for Environmental and Biomedical Applications provides an overview on the characteristics of nanostructured interfaces and their processing technologies for a wide range of applications in the sensing, photocatalytic and bioengineering areas. The book focuses on the fundamentals of multifunctional nanostructured interfaces and their associated technologies, including versatile technologies, such as colloidal lithography, scanning probe techniques and laser nanostructuring, which can be used to obtain multifunctional 2D and 3D nanotextured interfaces. The book provides multidisciplinary chapters, summarizes the current status of the field, and covers important scientific and technological developments made over past decades. As such, it is an invaluable reference to those working in the design of novel nanostructured materials.

Breath Analysis presents state-of-the-art research in this specialized field, also offering guidance on how best to design the technology and conduct analysis. The book primarily focuses on the diagnosis of lung cancer, asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases. The reliability, consistency and utility of the results from breath analysis depends on exhaled breath sampling procedures and tools, gas sensor array technology (sensing material and transducer), and finally, medical pertinence and interpretation. The book gives step-by-step procedures and discusses best practice solutions for problems in sample collection, sensor technology, clinical assessment, medical interpretation and data analysis. The book's primary audience would include biomedical engineers and medical doctors, but it is also useful for hospital technicians, hospital and biomedical SME leading figures, and those in PhD level Engineering and Medicine.

Laboratory Assessment of Vitamin Status provides a comprehensive understanding of the limitations of commonly used approaches used for the evaluation of vitamin status, reducing harm in the general health setting. It outlines the application of 'Best Practice' approaches to the evaluation of vitamin status, giving physicians and other healthcare professionals the opportunity to make evidence-based interventions. Nearly every metabolic and developmental pathway in the human body has a dependency on at least one micronutrient. Currently, the clinical utility of approaches taken by laboratories for the assessment of vitamin status is generally poorly understood, missing the opportunity to diagnosis vitamin deficiencies. This essential reference gives clinical and biomedical scientists an understanding of the limitations of commonly used approaches to the evaluation of vitamin status in the general health setting through change in practice. Nutritionists and dietitians gain an understanding of more sophisticated markers of vitamin status.

Bone Repair Biomaterials: Regeneration and Clinical Applications, Second Edition, provides comprehensive reviews on materials science, engineering principles and recent advances. Sections review the fundamentals of bone repair and regeneration, discuss the science and properties of biomaterials used for bone repair, including metals, ceramics, polymers and composites, and discuss clinical applications and considerations, with chapters on such topics as orthopedic surgery, tissue engineering, implant retrieval, and ethics of bone repair biomaterials. This second edition includes more chapters on relevant biomaterials and a greatly expanded section on clinical applications, including bone repair applications in dental surgery, spinal surgery, and maxilo-facial and skull surgery. In addition, the book features coverage of long-term performance and failure of orthopedic devices. It will be an invaluable resource for researchers, scientists and clinicians concerned with the repair and restoration of bone.

Applications of Nanocomposite Materials in Dentistry presents the study and developments of nano-composite materials for dental applications. Special emphasis is given to the issues related to dental bone regeneration using various types of nano-composite materials, issues of dental failure, antibacterial properties and dental implants. Topics are systematically arranged so that layman can also understand the fundamentals and applications of dental nanocomposites. The book offers a powerful source of exploration on the preparation, characteristics and specific uses of composites in the fields of applied chemistry and medical sciences.

Artificial Intelligence in the Age of Neural Networks and Brain Computing demonstrates that existing disruptive implications and applications of AI is a development of the unique attributes of neural networks, mainly machine learning, distributed architectures, massive parallel processing, black-box inference, intrinsic nonlinearity and smart autonomous search engines. The book covers the major basic ideas of brain-like computing behind AI, provides a framework to deep learning, and launches novel and intriguing paradigms as future alternatives. The success of AI-based commercial products proposed by top industry leaders, such as Google, IBM, Microsoft, Intel and Amazon can be interpreted using this book.

Alumina Ceramics: Biomedical and Clinical Applications examines the extraordinary material, Alumina, and its use in biomedicine and industry. Sections discuss the fundamentals of Alumina Ceramics, look at the various industrial applications, and examine a variety of medical applications. Readers will find this to be an invaluable and unique resource for researchers, clinical professionals, engineers, and advanced level students. Alumina ceramics are a leading biomaterial used for specialist medical applications, such as bionic implants and tissue engineering, and the only biomaterial commercially viable for use as bearings for orthopedic hip replacements. As such, this book is a timely resource on the topics discussed.

This book provides therapists with the background knowledge they require before they can safely and accurately treat patients with musculoskeletal disorders of the spine. Thoroughly referenced and extensively illustrated with over 200 specially prepared and original diagrams of the highest quality, Functional Anatomy of the Spine will be invaluable to the student and practitioner physiotherapists, chiropractors and osteopaths, and indeed to all those who regularly treat spinal dysfunction. Accessory and physiological spinal movements are thoroughly described. Palpation is covered in detail. Numerous guidelines for safe practice are provided. A valuable, comprehensive chapter covers posture, lifting, and the prevention of injury. Coverage of applied anatomy and biomechanics is written by therapists for therapists. New theories on thoracic biomechanics are presented, rarely covered by other anatomy books. All topics have been updated to reflect recent scientific evidence, enabling the reader to more effectively formulate and manage treatment plans. New illustrations to complement the text and improve readers' understanding of the material. A one-of-a-kind chapter covering the sacroiliac joint has been comprehensively revised. Expanded material is provided on the autonomic nervous system, thoracic spine biomechanics, and the biomechanics of the lower limb as it relates to the spine. New sections address adverse neural tension, cervical discs, proprioception and muscle imbalance, and mechanics of the jaw and upper cervical spine. An update on vertebral artery and blood supply presents the latest knowledge on the subject.

During these uncertain and turbulent times, intelligent technologies including artificial neural networks (ANN) and machine learning (ML) have played an incredible role in being able to predict, analyze, and navigate unprecedented circumstances across a number of industries, ranging from healthcare to hospitality. Multi-factor prediction in particular has been especially helpful in dealing with the most current pressing issues such as COVID-19 prediction, pneumonia detection, cardiovascular diagnosis and disease management, automobile accident prediction, and vacation rental listing analysis. To date, there has not been much research content readily available in these areas, especially content written extensively from a user perspective. Biomedical and Business Applications Using Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning is designed to cover a brief and focused range of essential topics in the field with perspectives, models, and first-hand experiences shared by prominent researchers, discussing applications of artificial neural networks (ANN) and machine learning (ML) for biomedical and business applications and a listing of current open-source software for neural networks, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. It also presents summaries of currently available open source software that utilize neural networks and machine learning. The book is ideal for professionals, researchers, students, and practitioners who want to more fully understand in a brief and concise format the realm and technologies of artificial neural networks (ANN) and machine learning (ML) and how they have been used for prediction of multi-disciplinary research problems in a multitude of disciplines.

Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes: Membrane Processes in the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological field presents the main membrane techniques along with their basic principles, mode of operations, and applications. It covers well-known techniques such as ultrafiltration and membrane chromatography, while also exploring emerging membrane technologies which are finding their way in pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, including membrane emulsification, membrane bioreactors, and solvent-resistant nanofiltration. State-of-the-art applications of membrane systems in areas such as drug delivery and virus removal are also investigated by leading experts in the field. Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes: Membrane Processes in the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological field is a definitive reference for academics, post-graduates, and researchers in the subjects of biochemical engineering, pharmaceutics, and biotechnology. It is also useful to R&D companies and institutions in these areas, specifically those interested in bioseparations, biopurification, bioproduction, and drug delivery.

This issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics, Guest Edited by Dr. Francois Bethoux, is devoted to the topic of Ambulation in Adults with Central Neurologic Disorders. Ambulation, or the restoration thereof, is an extremely important part of recovery from any number of ailments or surgeries, from stroke to hip replacements. This issue will focus on the restoration of ambulation in adults suffering from central neurologic disorders, which is a major area for physiatrists. It will include articles on MS, stroke, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cord injuries. It will also offer information on how to measure and analyze ambulation in recovery, and medical treatments to improve ambulation.

Advanced Biosensors for Health Care Applications highlights the different types of prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers associated with cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, brain and retinal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, bacterial infections, as well as various types of electrochemical biosensor techniques used for early detection of the potential biomarkers of these diseases. Many advanced nanomaterials have attracted intense interests with their unique optical and electrical properties, high stability, and good biocompatibility. Based on these properties, advanced nanoparticles have been used as biomolecular carriers, signal producers, and signal amplifiers in biosensor design. Recent studies reported that there are several diagnostic methods available, but the major issue is the sensitivity and selectivity of these approaches. This book outlines the need of novel strategies for developing new systems to retrieve health information of patients in real time. It explores the potential of nano-multidisciplinary science in the design and development of smart sensing technology using micro-nanoelectrodes, novel sensing materials, integration with MEMS, miniaturized transduction systems, novel sensing strategy, that is, FET, CMOS, System-on-a-Chip (SoC), Diagnostic-on-a-Chip (DoC), and Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC), for diagnostics and personalized health-care monitoring. It is a useful handbook for specialists in biotechnology and biochemical engineering.

With the growing dependency on prescription drugs and concerns about the rise of opioid addiction, providing effective pain management alternatives is a primary concern for health professionals and all of society. Online tools and alternative therapies are becoming more prevalent in supporting the management of pain and provide treatment opportunities for patients who do not want to rely solely on prescription medication. Alternative Pain Management: Solutions for Avoiding Prescription Drug Overuse is an essential reference source that provides alternative solutions for managing and treating chronic pain, including through the use of mobile applications, online programs, self-management strategies, and virtual reality. Additionally, the book promotes a further understanding of pain and how it is diagnosed and reviews pharmaceutical accountability when prescribing drugs for pain management. Highlighting a range of topics such as cryotherapy, pain assessment, and prescription tracking, this publication is an ideal reference source for physicians, nurses, hospital staff, surgeons, medical professionals, pharmacists, researchers, academics, and upper-level students.