This is an interdisciplinary book that presents the applications of novel laser spectroscopy and imaging techniques for the detection of cancers recently developed by some of the world's most renown researchers. The book consists of three parts and a total of 16 chapters. Each chapter is written by leading experts who are actively seeking to develop novel spectroscopic and analytical methods for cancer detection and diagnosis.In Part I, the authors present fundamentals on optics, atoms and molecules, biophysics, cancer and machine learning. These chapters are intended for those who are not experts in the field but wish to learn about fundamentals' aspects of some of the key topics that are addressed in this book. Particular attention has been given to providing key references for those who wish to go further into the fundamental aspects of atoms and molecules, light-matter interaction, optical instrumentation, machine learning and cancer.In Part II, the authors present key applications of various laser spectroscopic methods in cancer diagnosis. They have provided recent progress in cancer diagnostics obtained by combining laser spectroscopy and machine learning for the analysis of the spectra acquired from biomedical tissues and biofluids.In Part III, the authors present chapters that discuss key developments in the applications of various laser imaging techniques for cancer detection.This is one of the few books that addresses cancer detection and diagnosis using laser spectroscopic and imaging tools with an eye on providing the reader the scientific tools, including machine learning ones.

The last ten years has seen significant regulatory changes and the issuing of professional advice to match developments in clinical practice. It has not been easy for clinicians to keep pace with the changes or to find information on how and when changes have occurred and this text provides an essential source to guide optometrists through the current regulatory and professional expectations.Although specifically designed for the optometrist the text will also be useful to anyone involved in the provision, regulation and monitoring of optometry services in the UK.Detailed chapters on the Opticians Act, General Optical Council and the National Health Service General Ophthalmic Service Regulations provide a foundation on the regulation for optometry practice. These chapters trace the development of the regulatory framework and the different roles played by various organisations and government. Additional chapters cover more detailed issues including requirements for Continuing Professional Development, Delegation and Supervision, Contact lenses, Referrals, Case Records and data protection, Fitness to Practice and Drugs and optometry. These all impact on day-to-day aspects of optometric practice and it is important for optometrists to understand how the requirements in these areas may affect an individual's ability to practise. The text also provides a useful reference source and a list of regulations relating to optometry practice in the UK.

The last ten years has seen significant regulatory changes and the issuing of professional advice to match developments in clinical practice. It has not been easy for clinicians to keep pace with the changes or to find information on how and when changes have occurred and this text provides an essential source to guide optometrists through the current regulatory and professional expectations.Although specifically designed for the optometrist the text will also be useful to anyone involved in the provision, regulation and monitoring of optometry services in the UK.Detailed chapters on the Opticians Act, General Optical Council and the National Health Service General Ophthalmic Service Regulations provide a foundation on the regulation for optometry practice. These chapters trace the development of the regulatory framework and the different roles played by various organisations and government. Additional chapters cover more detailed issues including requirements for Continuing Professional Development, Delegation and Supervision, Contact lenses, Referrals, Case Records and data protection, Fitness to Practice and Drugs and optometry. These all impact on day-to-day aspects of optometric practice and it is important for optometrists to understand how the requirements in these areas may affect an individual's ability to practise. The text also provides a useful reference source and a list of regulations relating to optometry practice in the UK.

Higher life expectancy on a global level requires complex nursing care as poor education and a lack of knowledge can lead to mistakes. There is a need for nurses who can provide high quality and advanced nursing practice. A mix of well-grounded education and innovative research is needed, where the first provides an understanding of best nursing practice care delivery and the second helps nurses determine best practices and improve nursing care."