Using this ideal marbling paint, beautiful marble effects can be achieved on many different substrates. Suitable for use on plastic eggs and balls (always try a test area first on plastic objects), glass, acrylic, wood, papier mâché, blown eggs, candles, metal and polystyrene. All objects should be plain and paint-free. Papers, Japanese paper, many fabrics and silks can also be marbled using Marabu-easy marble. The paint is organic solvent based and is touch-dry after about 15 minutes. The paint is not permanent and will wipe off with a damp cloth after drying; therefore the decorated objects are not washable and not wash-resistant.

Properties :QUALITY: Deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enamelled appearance after baking. The range includes 10 shimmering colours, twinkling and iridescent effects, particularly opaque and covering. Excellent lightfastness.COLOUR MIXABILITY: Colours can be mixed together.DRYING: Tack free in a few minutes, fully dry in a minimum of 24 hours. Baking all colours and auxiliary products in the range : 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F) in domestic oven, after minimum 24 hours drying. For the markers: Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking.Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. The markers are recommended for lines and writing. Shake well before use. Press tip repeatedly to start ink flow. Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

Properties :QUALITY: Deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enamelled appearance after baking. The range includes 10 shimmering colours, twinkling and iridescent effects, particularly opaque and covering. Excellent lightfastness.COLOUR MIXABILITY: Colours can be mixed together.DRYING: Tack free in a few minutes, fully dry in a minimum of 24 hours. Baking all colours and auxiliary products in the range : 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F) in domestic oven, after minimum 24 hours drying. For the markers: Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking.Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. The markers are recommended for lines and writing. Shake well before use. Press tip repeatedly to start ink flow. Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

QUALITY: Water-based paste in 20ml tube with nozzle. Finish: Brilliant. DRYING: 1 hour to the touch, 24 hours to dry completely. CLEANING DECORATED ITEMS: After drying, the dimensional paint may be lightly washed without soaking. Resistant to window cleaners. CLEANING THE BRUSHES: With soap.

Properties :QUALITY: Deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enamelled appearance after baking. The range includes 10 shimmering colours, twinkling and iridescent effects, particularly opaque and covering. Excellent lightfastness.COLOUR MIXABILITY: Colours can be mixed together.DRYING: Tack free in a few minutes, fully dry in a minimum of 24 hours. Baking all colours and auxiliary products in the range : 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F) in domestic oven, after minimum 24 hours drying. For the markers: Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking.Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. The markers are recommended for lines and writing. Shake well before use. Press tip repeatedly to start ink flow. Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

Properties :QUALITY: Deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enamelled appearance after baking. The range includes 10 shimmering colours, twinkling and iridescent effects, particularly opaque and covering. Excellent lightfastness.COLOUR MIXABILITY: Colours can be mixed together.DRYING: Tack free in a few minutes, fully dry in a minimum of 24 hours. Baking all colours and auxiliary products in the range : 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F) in domestic oven, after minimum 24 hours drying. For the markers: Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking.Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. The markers are recommended for lines and writing. Shake well before use. Press tip repeatedly to start ink flow. Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

Properties :QUALITY: Deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enamelled appearance after baking. The range includes 10 shimmering colours, twinkling and iridescent effects, particularly opaque and covering. Excellent lightfastness.COLOUR MIXABILITY: Colours can be mixed together.DRYING: Tack free in a few minutes, fully dry in a minimum of 24 hours. Baking all colours and auxiliary products in the range : 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F) in domestic oven, after minimum 24 hours drying. For the markers: Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking.Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. The markers are recommended for lines and writing. Shake well before use. Press tip repeatedly to start ink flow. Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

Properties :QUALITY: Deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enamelled appearance after baking. The range includes 10 shimmering colours, twinkling and iridescent effects, particularly opaque and covering. Excellent lightfastness.COLOUR MIXABILITY: Colours can be mixed together.DRYING: Tack free in a few minutes, fully dry in a minimum of 24 hours. Baking all colours and auxiliary products in the range : 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F) in domestic oven, after minimum 24 hours drying. For the markers: Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking.Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. The markers are recommended for lines and writing. Shake well before use. Press tip repeatedly to start ink flow. Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

Properties :QUALITY: Deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enamelled appearance after baking. The range includes 10 shimmering colours, twinkling and iridescent effects, particularly opaque and covering. Excellent lightfastness.COLOUR MIXABILITY: Colours can be mixed together.DRYING: Tack free in a few minutes, fully dry in a minimum of 24 hours. Baking all colours and auxiliary products in the range : 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F) in domestic oven, after minimum 24 hours drying. For the markers: Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking.Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. The markers are recommended for lines and writing. Shake well before use. Press tip repeatedly to start ink flow. Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

A liquid metal base for a strong darker copper/ verdigris effect. Stir well before using. After applying verdigris primer, apply two even coats of verdigris with either a roller or brush. Avoid overlaps and wait 3 hours between each coat.

Fleur Designer’s Paint Verdigris contains tiny copper particles that oxidize when you apply the specific Reagent. Verdigris is the common name for a green pigment obtained through the application of acetic acid to copper plates or the natural patina formed when copper, brass or bronze is weathered and exposed to air or seawater over a period of time.

The result of these products is a real verdigris coating, which can be more or less homogeneous according to the type of application (roller, brush, sea sponge, etc.). Once you have reached the desired effect, the application of the Anti-oxidant Finish protects the Verdigris and stops the oxidation process.

Fleur Designer’s Paint Verdigris products are professional, water based, easy to use and perfect for obtaining real verdigris coatings on all surfaces such as wood, metal, plastic, glass, etc. Available in two shades, a lighter and a darker shade.

A liquid metal base for a strong darker copper/ verdigris effect. Stir well before using. After applying verdigris primer, apply two even coats of verdigris with either a roller or brush. Avoid overlaps and wait 3 hours between each coat.

Fleur Designer’s Paint Verdigris contains tiny copper particles that oxidize when you apply the specific Reagent. Verdigris is the common name for a green pigment obtained through the application of acetic acid to copper plates or the natural patina formed when copper, brass or bronze is weathered and exposed to air or seawater over a period of time.

The result of these products is a real verdigris coating, which can be more or less homogeneous according to the type of application (roller, brush, sea sponge, etc.). Once you have reached the desired effect, the application of the Anti-oxidant Finish protects the Verdigris and stops the oxidation process.

Fleur Designer’s Paint Verdigris products are professional, water based, easy to use and perfect for obtaining real verdigris coatings on all surfaces such as wood, metal, plastic, glass, etc. Available in two shades, a lighter and a darker shade.

Creamy and delicate colour, this soft hue evokes the memories of a summer in the Sixties; suitable for different styles and stories, it brings brightness to any interior or piece.

Fleur Designer’s Paint has the unusual trait of being gorgeous, intense, rich colour that also is extremely matte. This is because the silicates and fine minerals contained with in it refract and diffuse light making it completely different from traditional acrylics.

This colour colour mimics the variety of hues of light blue on the walls of Capetown. Its fairly subtle but it’s brightness and vibrancy comes through even without the South African sun. It also is an absolute favourite of Jackson’s in-house photographer.

Fleur Designer’s Paint has the unusual trait of being gorgeous, intense, rich colour that also is extremely matte. This is because the silicates and fine minerals contained with in it refract and diffuse light making it completely different from traditional acrylics.

Using this ideal marbling paint, beautiful marble effects can be achieved on many different substrates. Suitable for use on plastic eggs and balls (always try a test area first on plastic objects), glass, acrylic, wood, papier mâché, blown eggs, candles, metal and polystyrene. All objects should be plain and paint-free. Papers, Japanese paper, many fabrics and silks can also be marbled using Marabu-easy marble. The paint is organic solvent based and is touch-dry after about 15 minutes. The paint is not permanent and will wipe off with a damp cloth after drying; therefore the decorated objects are not washable and not wash-resistant.

Easy to use, as you paint straight from the liner. Ideal for almost any surface, from paper, wood, metal, glass, leather, plastic, fabrics (wash-resistant up to 40°C after fixing), etc.

Working Guidelines for Marabu-Metallic Liner and Glitter LinerEnsure that the surface is clean and dust-free. Drying time approx. 6 hours depending on colour application. For fabrics (cotton and blended textiles up to a maximum of 20 % synthetic fibres), wash out finishing and softening agents. Gently push liner tip onto the fabric and squeeze. After drying, iron each painted area for 3 min. on cotton setting with a thin cloth over the surface. Iron for 3 min. per 30 cm. Can also be fixed in a pre-heated oven (8 min. / 150°C). Test substrate for heat resistance first. Then wash-resistant up to 40°C. Wash and iron inside out.

The Porcelain Painter Range offers shades within a colour system. Basic and fashion colours can be always combined with the corresponding Metallic and Glitter shades.
Whether tastefully colour-matched creations or extravagant colour combinations are desired – everything is possible with the wide colour range from Marabu.
Various kinds of painting techniques can be easily achieved with the painters.

Porcelain Painters are offered in 4 different tip shapes/sizes: from large paint applications with the brush tip, fine painting with the outline & Fineliner tip and decorative writing with the calligraphy tip.
The universal tip with a tip width of 1-2 mm is used as a practical all-rounder: it is ideal for painting and writing.

Note: Despite manufacturer claims, products painted with this pen require baking for the paint to set.

The Porcelain Painter Range offers shades within a colour system. Basic and fashion colours can be always combined with the corresponding Metallic and Glitter shades.
Whether tastefully colour-matched creations or extravagant colour combinations are desired – everything is possible with the wide colour range from Marabu.
Various kinds of painting techniques can be easily achieved with the painters.

Porcelain Painters are offered in 4 different tip shapes/sizes: from large paint applications with the brush tip, fine painting with the outline & Fineliner tip and decorative writing with the calligraphy tip.
The universal tip with a tip width of 1-2 mm is used as a practical all-rounder: it is ideal for painting and writing.

Note: Despite manufacturer claims, products painted with this pen require baking for the paint to set.

The Porcelain Painter Range offers shades within a colour system. Basic and fashion colours can be always combined with the corresponding Metallic and Glitter shades.
Whether tastefully colour-matched creations or extravagant colour combinations are desired – everything is possible with the wide colour range from Marabu.
Various kinds of painting techniques can be easily achieved with the painters.

Porcelain Painters are offered in 4 different tip shapes/sizes: from large paint applications with the brush tip, fine painting with the outline & Fineliner tip and decorative writing with the calligraphy tip.
The universal tip with a tip width of 1-2 mm is used as a practical all-rounder: it is ideal for painting and writing.

Note: Despite manufacturer claims, products painted with this pen require baking for the paint to set.

The Porcelain Painter Range offers shades within a colour system. Basic and fashion colours can be always combined with the corresponding Metallic and Glitter shades. Whether tastefully colour-matched creations or extravagant colour combinations are desired – everything is possible with the wide colour range from Marabu. Various kinds of painting techniques can be easily achieved with the painters.Porcelain Painters are offered in 4 different tip shapes/sizes: from large paint applications with the brush tip, fine painting with the outline & Fineliner tip and decorative writing with the calligraphy tip. The universal tip with a tip width of 1-2 mm is used as a practical all-rounder: it is ideal for painting and writing.

Paint, allow to dry (3 days), then it's finished

Dishwasher-safe without oven fixing (maximum 50°C)

Paint tips: calligraphy, brush, Fineliner and universal tip

Water based, odourless, lightfast. For children from 6 years on

Application:Clean the crockery with a scouring agent and a small sponge before painting. Afterwards it should be wiped with Marabu-Cleaner or White Spirit so that it is dust and grease-free. Before use, shake the painters well with the cap closed. Press onto the tip repeatedly until the ink is visible in it (do not continue once the ink appears in the tip as this may overload it). Try using the painter on a piece of scrap paper first (not on the object to be painted until you are sure the flow is smooth). Draw free-hand outlines with the outline painter or copy the motif using carbon paper. For this, put the tracing paper on the paper design of the motif, fix with masking tape on the crockery and go over the motif using a pencil while putting sufficient pressure on it to trace the drawing. Allow the outlines to dry briefly, then paint the motif with the chosen colours. Decorate the design with letters (e.g. name) just as you like. Allow the painted porcelain to dry for 3 days. Now everything is dishwashersafe at a maximum 50°C. After use, close the cap well (until it clicks). Store in a horizontal position.

Properties :QUALITY: Deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enamelled appearance after baking. The range includes 10 shimmering colours, twinkling and iridescent effects, particularly opaque and covering. Excellent lightfastness.COLOUR MIXABILITY: Colours can be mixed together.DRYING: Tack free in a few minutes, fully dry in a minimum of 24 hours. Baking all colours and auxiliary products in the range : 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F) in domestic oven, after minimum 24 hours drying. For the markers: Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking.Product Usage :Porcelaine 150 can be applied to all heat-stable bases that are able to withstand a temperature of 150°C (300°F), such as porcelain, china, glazed earthenware, terracotta, metal, enameled sheet steel, copper and glass. The choice of base enables numerous effects to be produced and experiments to be made with the transparency and intensity of the colours. Porcelaine 150 makes professional enameling available to all, with a new generation of 46 colours, glazed by simply baking at 150°C (300°F) in any domestic oven. In bottle, tube and marker, which can be mixed together, deep and glossy, transparent or opaque, with a superb enameled appearance after baking. Many applications are possible with Porcelaine 150: with brushes and also with sponge and stencil. The Porcelaine 150 outliners, in tube with nozzle, can be used for outlining work and screen printing. The markers are recommended for lines and writing. Shake well before use. Press tip repeatedly to start ink flow. Allow to air dry 72 hours for decorative use with light washing and no soaking. For dishwasher resistance, allow to air dry 24 hour after application then bake in oven for 35 minutes at 150°C (300°F). Store flatwise. Keep away from freezing.

Using this ideal marbling paint, beautiful marble effects can be achieved on many different substrates. Suitable for use on plastic eggs and balls (always try a test area first on plastic objects), glass, acrylic, wood, papier mâché, blown eggs, candles, metal and polystyrene. All objects should be plain and paint-free. Papers, Japanese paper, many fabrics and silks can also be marbled using Marabu-easy marble. The paint is organic solvent based and is touch-dry after about 15 minutes. The paint is not permanent and will wipe off with a damp cloth after drying; therefore the decorated objects are not washable and not wash-resistant.

Using this ideal marbling paint, beautiful marble effects can be achieved on many different substrates. Suitable for use on plastic eggs and balls (always try a test area first on plastic objects), glass, acrylic, wood, papier mâché, blown eggs, candles, metal and polystyrene. All objects should be plain and paint-free. Papers, Japanese paper, many fabrics and silks can also be marbled using Marabu-easy marble. The paint is organic solvent based and is touch-dry after about 15 minutes. The paint is not permanent and will wipe off with a damp cloth after drying; therefore the decorated objects are not washable and not wash-resistant.