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Books > Social sciences > Politics & government > Political structure & processes
'This collection is a timely survey of the role of constitutional
courts in comparative perspective - it provides an excellent
summary of developments in a range of jurisdictions, and locates
them in a broader social and political context. Among other
factors, it considers global trends toward increasing international
and regional human rights protection, increased recognition of
second and third generation rights, and trends toward
decentralization in democratic governance. It is bound to be of
broad interest to both comparative constitutional lawyers and
scholars.' - Rosalind Dixon, University of New South Wales,
Australia Constitutional review has become an essential feature of
modern liberal democratic constitutionalism. In particular,
constitutional review in the context of rights litigation has
proved to be most challenging for the courts. By offering in-depth
analyses on changes affecting constitutional design and
constitutional adjudication, while also engaging with general
theories of comparative constitutionalism, this book seeks to
provide a heightened understanding of the constitutional and
political responses to the issue of adaptability and endurance of
rights-based constitutional review. These original contributions,
written by an array of distinguished experts and illustrated by the
most up-to-date case law, cover Australia, Belgium, Finland,
France, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom and the
United States, and include constitutional systems that are not
commonly studied in comparative constitutional studies. Providing
structured analyses, the editors combine studies of common law and
civil law jurisdictions, centralized and decentralized systems of
constitutional review, and large and small jurisdictions. This
multi-jurisdictional study will appeal to members of the judiciary,
policy-makers and practitioners looking for valuable insights into
the case law of a range of constitutional and supreme courts in
this rapidly expanding field of constitutional adjudication. It
also serves as an excellent resource for academics, scholars and
advanced students in the fields of law, human rights and political
science. Contributors: J. Bell, E. Carolan, C. Chandrachud, A.
Kavanagh, C. Kelly, J. Lavapuro, T. Ojanen, M.-L. Paris, P.
Passaglia, A.R. Robledo, M. Rosenfeld, M. Scheinin, J. Stellios, R.
Uitz, M. Verdussen, M. Zagor
This thought-provoking collection of essays analyses the complex,
multi-faceted, and even contradictory nature of Stalinism and its
representations. Stalinism was an extraordinarily repressive and
violent political model, and yet it was led by ideologues committed
to a vision of socialism and international harmony. The essays in
this volume stress the complex, multi-faceted, and often
contradictory nature of Stalin, Stalinism, and Stalinist-style
leadership, and. explore the complex picture that emerges. Broadly
speaking, three important areas of debate are examined, united by a
focus on political leadership: * The key controversies surrounding
Stalin's leadership role * A reconsideration of Stalin and the Cold
War * New perspectives on the cult of personality Revisioning
Stalin and Stalinism is a crucial volume for all students and
scholars of Stalin's Russia and Cold War Europe.
There has been a noticeable shift in the way the news is accessed
and consumed, and most importantly, the rise of fake news has
become a common occurrence in the media. With news becoming more
accessible as technology advances, fake news can spread rapidly and
successfully through social media, television, websites, and other
online sources, as well as through the traditional types of
newscasting. The spread of misinformation when left unchecked can
turn fiction into fact and result in a mass misconception of the
truth that shapes opinions, creates false narratives, and impacts
multiple facets of society in potentially detrimental ways. With
the rise of fake news comes the need for research on the ways to
alleviate the effects and prevent the spread of misinformation.
These tools, technologies, and theories for identifying and
mitigating the effects of fake news are a current research topic
that is essential for maintaining the integrity of the media and
providing those who consume it with accurate, fact-based
information. The Research Anthology on Fake News, Political
Warfare, and Combatting the Spread of Misinformation contains
hand-selected, previously published research that informs its
audience with an advanced understanding of fake news, how it
spreads, its negative effects, and the current solutions being
investigated. The chapters within also contain a focus on the use
of alternative facts for pushing political agendas and as a way of
conducting political warfare. While highlighting topics such as the
basics of fake news, media literacy, the implications of
misinformation in political warfare, detection methods, and both
technological and human automated solutions, this book is ideally
intended for practitioners, stakeholders, researchers,
academicians, and students interested in the current surge of fake
news, the means of reducing its effects, and how to improve the
future outlook.
Over the years, there have been increasing intersections between
religious claims and nationalism and their power to frame and
govern world politics. When Politics Are Sacralized
interdisciplinarily and comparatively examines the fusion between
religious claims and nationalism and studies its political
manifestations. State and world politics, when determined or framed
by nationalism fused with religious claims, can provoke protracted
conflict, infuse explicit religious beliefs into politics, and
legitimize violence against racialized groups. This volume
investigates how, through hegemonic nationalism, states invoke
religious claims in domestic and international politics,
sacralizing the political. Studying Israel, India, the Palestinian
National Movement and Hamas, Sri Lanka, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Iran,
and Northern Ireland, the thirteen chapters engage with the
visibility, performativity, role, and political legitimation of
religion and nationalism. The authors analyze how and why
sacralization affects political behaviors apparent in national and
international politics, produces state-sponsored violence, and
shapes conflict.
The process of European constitutionalisation is met with extensive
scepticism in current national legal and political spheres and in
broader circles of public opinion across Europe. By shedding light
on these concerns, this book reveals a widespread misunderstanding
of constitutional federalism, which permeates the Member State
courts, popular media, and many academic communities. A failure to
address confusion over this fundamental concept is leading us
towards impoverished development of the EU's 'Second Constitution',
and even ensuring that the role of both domestic and international
European courts in enriching the constitutionalisation process is
overlooked and undervalued. In a bid to avoid such consequences,
this book explores how federalism and further constitutionalisation
- rightly understood in a dialogue of the European courts - may
actually change this process and allow a clearer advance toward
Europe's Second Constitution for, but also with, the people of
Europe.
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Desert Flower
(Paperback)
Waris Dirie, Cathleen Miller
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Waris Dirie leads a double life -- by day, she is an international supermodel and human rights ambassador for the United Nations; by night, she dreams of the simplicity of life in her native Somalia and the family she was forced to leave behind. Desert Flower, her intimate and inspiring memoir, is a must-read for anyone who has ever wondered about the beauty of African life, the chaotic existence of a supermodel, or the joys of new motherhood. Waris was born into a traditional Somali family, desert nomads who engaged in such ancient and antiquated customs as genital mutilation and arranged marriage. At twelve, she fled an arranged marriage to an old man and traveled alone across the dangerous Somali desert to Mogadishu -- the first leg of an emotional journey that would take her to London as a house servant, around the world as a fashion model, and eventually to America, where she would find peace in motherhood and humanitarian work for the U.N. Today, as Special Ambassador for the U.N., she travels the world speaking out against the barbaric practice of female genital mutilation, promoting women's reproductive rights, and educating people about the Africa she fled -- but still deeply loves. Desert Flower will be published simultaneously in eleven languages throughout the world and is currently being produced as a feature film by Rocket Pictures UK.
At factory gates and cottage doors, co-operative guilds and trade
union branches, the radical suffragists of turn-of-the-century
Britain took their message to women at the grassroots level in
order to advance demands for equal pay, educational opportunities,
better birth control, child allowances, and the right to work.
Their strength lay in their democratic approach: opposed to
violence, they felt that the vote was the key to wider rights for
women.
One Hand Tied Behind Us draws from a wealth of unpublished
material, local newspaper accounts. diaries, handwritten minute
books, forgotten biographies, and interviews. It creates a vivid
and moving portrait of the women who, almost 100 years ago,
envisaged freedoms that are not secure even today. Widely
acclaimed, it has become a suffrage classic, and to mark its
twenty-first anniversary, Rivers Oram presents this revised edition
with a new introduction by Jill Liddington.
Founded by MK Gandhi early in his career, the Natal Indian Congress
is one of the oldest political organizations in South Africa. This
book traces its course through colonial anti-Asiatic feeling, past
apartheid, and into the new democracy.
To some, the word populism suggests the tyranny of the mob; to
others, it suggests a xenophobic nativism. It is often even
considered conducive to (if not simply identical to) fascism. In
Democratic Theory Naturalized: The Foundations of Distilled
Populism, Walter Horn uses his theory of "CHOICE Voluntarism" to
offer solutions to some of the most perplexing problems in
democratic theory and distill populism to its core premise: giving
people the power to govern themselves without the constraints
imposed by those on the left or the right. Beginning with
explanations of what it means to vote and what makes one society
better off than another, Horn analyzes what makes for fair
aggregation and appropriate, deliberative representation. Through
his examination of the American government, Horn suggests solutions
to contemporary problems such as gerrymandering, immigration
control, and campaign finance, and offers answers to age-old
questions like why dissenters should obey the majority and who
should have the right to vote in various elections.
As the European Union undergoes a major, self-proclaimed democratic
exercise - the Conference on the Future of Europe - and approaches
Treaty change, this volume offers a new model of citizen
participation to address Europe's long-standing democracy
challenge, and respond to the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Proposed are a set of democratic innovations, ranging from
citizens' assemblies to regulatory gaming to citizens' initiatives
and lobbying, which are complementary, not antagonistic, to
existing representative democracy across the European continent.
These innovations are emerging bottom-up across the continent and
getting traction at local, national and EU level in a new era
powered by technology. This book brings together academics as well
as practitioners to give a forward-looking, holistic view of the
realities of EU citizen participation across the spectrum of
participatory opportunities. They all converge in arguing that,
after many years of proven experimentation, the EU must
institutionalize supranational, participative and deliberative,
democratic channels to complement representative democracy and each
other, and ultimately improve the effectiveness of EU citizen
participation. While this institutional approach will not magically
treat the EU democratic malaise, it should make the system more
intelligible, accessible, and ultimately responsive to citizen
demand-without necessarily undertaking Treaty reform. The attempt
to harness citizen participation to help address the current EU
crisis needs the type of multi-faceted approach presented in this
book. One that recognises the potential of existing and new
democratic mechanisms, and also, importantly, the links between
different instruments of citizen participation to improve the
overall quality of EU's democratic system.
"
Prisoner of the State "is the story of Premier Zhao Ziyang, the man
who brought liberal change to China and who was dethroned at the
height of the Tiananmen Square protests in 1989 for trying to stop
the massacre. Zhao spent the last years of his life under house
arrest. An occasional detail about his life would slip out, but
scholars and citizens lamented that Zhao never had his final say.
But Zhao did produce a memoir, secretly recording on audio tapes
the real story of what happened during modern China's most critical
moments. He provides intimate details about the Tiananmen
crackdown, describes the ploys and double crosses used by China's
leaders, and exhorts China to adopt democracy in order to achieve
long-term stability. His riveting, behind-the-scenes recollections
form the basis of "Prisoner of the State."
The China that Zhao portrays is not some long-lost dynasty. It is
today's China, where its leaders accept economic freedom but resist
political change. Zhao might have steered China's political system
toward openness and tolerance had he survived. Although Zhao now
speaks from the grave, his voice still has the moral power to make
China sit up and listen.
Ministers, Minders and Mandarins brings together the leading
academics in this specialty to rigorously assess the impact and
consequences of political advisers in parliamentary democracies.
The ten contemporary and original case studies focus on issues of
tension, trust and tradition, and are written in an accessible and
engaging style. Using new empirical findings and theory from a
range of public policy canons, the authors analyze advisers'
functions, their differing levels of accountability and issues of
diversity between governments. Cases include research on the
tensions in the UK, the possible unease in Swedish government
offices and the role of trust in Greece. Established operations in
Australia, Canada, Ireland and New Zealand are compared to relative
latecomers to advisory roles, such as Germany, the Netherlands and
Denmark. A key comparative work in the field, this book encourages
further research into the varied roles of political advisers.
Offering an excellent introduction to the complex role political
advisers play, this book will be of great interest to upper
undergraduate and postgraduate students studying political science
and policy administration, as well as researchers and scholars in
public policy. Contributors include: A. Blick, P.M. Christiansen,
B. Connaughton J. Craft, C. Eichbaum, T. Gouglas, H. Houlberg
Salomonsen, T. Hustedt, M. Maley, P. Munk Christiansen, B.
Niklasson, P. Ohberg, R. Shaw, C. van den Berg
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