This book deals with critical infrastructure safety analysis based on reliability modelling of multistate ageing system. It shows how changes of the operation process as well as climate-weather changes in the operating area of the critical infrastructure do influence the safety parameters of its assets. Building upon previous authors' research, the book formulates an integrated modeling approach where the multistate critical infrastructure safety model is combined with semi-Markov models for its operation process and for the climate-weather change process. This approach is shown to be successful in determining basic critical infrastructure safety, risk and resilience indicators, regardless of the number of assets and the number of their safety states. Besides the theory, the book reports on a successful application to the safety analysis of a real critical infrastructure, such as a port oil terminal. All in all, this book proposes a comprehensive and timely review of cutting-edge mathematical methods for safety identification, prediction and evaluation of critical infrastructures. It demonstrates that these methods can be applied in practice for analyzing safety of critical infrastructure under time-varying operation and climate-weather change processes.

This book provides a great collection of work design testimonies with transferable lessons across many industry sectors and domains. It discusses physiological and cognitive parameters, teamwork, social aspects, organizational, and broader factors that influence work design initiatives. It is important to learn from practitioner stories and real-world conditions that affect the theoretical applications of work design. Readers will benefit from understanding the struggles and successes of the authors. The chapters cover a wide spectrum of human factors and user needs, including decision making in (ab)normal and safety-critical situations, physical ergonomics, design-in-use modifications, and tailored training. The text examines holistic approaches that lead to improved work methods, worker engagement, and effective system-wide interventions. Ergonomic Insights: Successes and Failures of Work Design is primarily written for professionals and graduate students in the fields of ergonomics, human factors, and occupational health and safety. Educators will also benefit from using these case studies in class lessons.

This introductory book describes the initial (first) level of studying the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) from the series "TRIZ from A to Z," and presents the most general methods for solving inventive problems and generating new ideas. Chapter 1 examines traditional technologies for problem solving, based on trial and error. Chapter 2 describes the general concept of TRIZ, while Chapter 3 explains the main notions of "system" approaches, like system thinking, system and its hierarchy, system effect, emergency, synergetic effect and systematicity. In turn, Chapter 4 describes the notion of "ideality" and Chapter 5 addresses the notion of resources, their types, and methods for using them. Chapter 6 acquaints readers with one of the most important aspects of TRIZ: contradiction. Chapter 7 describes the inventive principles, while Chapter 8 includes descriptions of the systems of trends proposed by G. Altshuller and the author. In closing, the author makes recommendations on how to most effectively use TRIZ tools, on how readers can improve their knowledge, skills and habits concerning the use of TRIZ, and on how they can hone their inventive thinking skills. The book also features Appendices that include analyses of selected problems, a list of the main websites related to TRIZ, and lists of examples, problems, illustrations, tables and formulae.

This proceedings volume contains papers that have been selected after review for oral presentation at ROMANSY 2018, the 22nd CISM-IFToMM Symposium on Theory and Practice of Robots and Manipulators. These papers cover advances on several aspects of the wide field of Robotics as concerning Theory and Practice of Robots and Manipulators. ROMANSY 2018 is the 22nd event in a series that started in 1973 as one of the first conference activities in the world on Robotics. The first event was held at CISM (International Centre for Mechanical Science) in Udine, Italy on 5-8 September 1973. It was also the first topic conference of IFToMM (International Federation for the Promotion of Mechanism and Machine Science) and it was directed not only to the IFToMM community.

This book was developed using material from teaching courses on fluid mechanics, high-speed flows, aerodynamics, high-enthalpy flows, experimental methods, aircraft design, heat transfer, introduction to engineering, and wind engineering. It precisely presents the theoretical and application aspects of the terms associated with these courses. It explains concepts such as cyclone, typhoon, hurricane, and tornado, by highlighting the subtle difference between them. The text comprehensively introduces the subject vocabulary of fluid mechanics for use in courses in engineering and the physical sciences. This book * Presents the theoretical aspects and applications of high-speed flows, aerodynamics, high-enthalpy flows, and aircraft design. * Provides a ready reference source for readers to learn essential concepts related to flow physics, rarefied, and stratified flows. * Comprehensively covers topics such as laser Doppler anemometer, latent heat of fusion, and latent heat of vaporisation. * Includes schematic sketches and photographic images to equip the reader with a better view of the concepts. This is ideal study material for senior undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of mechanical engineering, aerospace engineering, flow physics, civil engineering, automotive engineering, and manufacturing engineering.

This book was developed using material from teaching courses on fluid mechanics, high-speed flows, aerodynamics, high-enthalpy flows, experimental methods, aircraft design, heat transfer, introduction to engineering, and wind engineering. It precisely presents the theoretical and application aspects of the terms associated with these courses. It explains concepts such as cyclone, typhoon, hurricane, and tornado, by highlighting the subtle difference between them. The text comprehensively introduces the subject vocabulary of fluid mechanics for use in courses in engineering and the physical sciences. This book * Presents the theoretical aspects and applications of high-speed flows, aerodynamics, high-enthalpy flows, and aircraft design. * Provides a ready reference source for readers to learn essential concepts related to flow physics, rarefied, and stratified flows. * Comprehensively covers topics such as laser Doppler anemometer, latent heat of fusion, and latent heat of vaporisation. * Includes schematic sketches and photographic images to equip the reader with a better view of the concepts. This is ideal study material for senior undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of mechanical engineering, aerospace engineering, flow physics, civil engineering, automotive engineering, and manufacturing engineering.

This book provides a theoretical and application-oriented analysis of deterministic scheduling problems in advanced planning and computer systems. The text examines scheduling problems across a range of parameters: job priority, release times, due dates, processing times, precedence constraints, resource usage and more, focusing on such topics as computer systems and supply chain management. Discussion includes single and parallel processors, flexible shops and manufacturing systems, and resource-constrained project scheduling. Many applications from industry and service operations management and case studies are described. The handbook will be useful to a broad audience, from researchers to practitioners, graduate and advanced undergraduate students.

Human Factors in the Chemical and Process Industries: Making it Work in Practice is a comprehensive overview of human factors within this sector, focusing on the practical application. It has been written by acknowledged industry experts from the Keil Centre, which is a leading practice of chartered ergonomics and human factors specialists, chartered safety specialists, registered occupational psychologists, and registered clinical psychologists The book was inspired by the international human factors training course run by the Keil Centre with the IChemE(http://www.icheme.org/human-factors), which has reached four continents across the world. The book is written for those who want a comprehensive overview of the subject, focusing on the practical application of human factors. It has been written for safety professionals, engineers and operational disciplines within industry, and those aspiring to these disciplines, who either deal with human factors issues or any aspect of the 'human element' in their core role. The book explains what 'human factors' is about and how human factors issues are best managed from a practical perspective. It will help readers develop a greater understanding of the area and how to establish more effective solutions for human factors related issues.

This book presents a unified optimal control approach to a large class of problems arising in the field of production planning and scheduling. It introduces a leading optimal flow control paradigm which results in efficient solutions for planning and scheduling problems. This book also introduces the reader to analytical and numerical methods of the maximum principle, used here as a mathematical instrument in modeling and solving production planning and scheduling problems. The book examines control of production flows rather than sequencing of distinct jobs. Methodologically, this paradigm allows us to progress from initial assumptions about a manufacturing environment, through mathematical models and construction of numerical methods, up to practical applications which prove the relevance of the theory developed here to the real world. Given a manufacturing system, the goal is to control the production, subject to given constraints, in such a way that the demands are tracked as closely as possible. The book considers a wide variety of problems encountered in actual production planning and scheduling. Among the problems are production flow sequencing and timing, capacity expansion and deterioration, subcontracting and overtime. The last chapter is entirely devoted to applications of the theory to scheduling production flows in real-life manufacturing systems. The enclosed disk provides software implementations of the developed methods with easy, convenient user interface. We aimed this book at a student audience - final year undergraduates as weIl as master and Ph. D.

This book presents the characteristics and benefits industrial organizations can reap from the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). These characteristics and benefits include enhanced competitiveness, increased proactive decision-making, improved creativity and innovation, augmented job creation, heightened agility to respond to continuously changing challenges, and intensified data-driven decision making. In a straightforward fashion, the book also helps readers understand complex concepts that are core to IIoT enterprises, such as Big Data, analytic architecture platforms, machine learning (ML) and data science algorithms, and the power of visualization to enrich the domains experts' decision making. The book also guides the reader on how to think about ways to define new business paradigms that the IIoT facilitates, as well how to increase the probability of success in managing analytic projects that are the core engine of decision-making in the IIoT enterprise. The book starts by defining an IIoT enterprise and the framework used to efficiently operate. A description of the concepts of industrial analytics, which is a major engine for decision making in the IIoT enterprise, is provided. It then discusses how data and machine learning (ML) play an important role in increasing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises that operate using the IIoT technology and business concepts. Real world examples of data driven IIoT enterprises and various business models are presented and a discussion on how the use of ML and data science help address complex decision-making problems and generate new job opportunities. The book presents in an easy-to-understand manner how ML algorithms work and operate on data generated in the IIoT enterprise. Useful for any industry professional interested in advanced industrial software applications, including business managers and professionals interested in how data analytics can help industries and to develop innovative business solutions, as well as data and computer scientists who wish to bridge the analytics and computer science fields with the industrial world, and project managers interested in managing advanced analytic projects.

'Sustainment' (as commonly defined by industry and government), is comprised of maintenance, support, and upgrade practices that sustain or improve the performance of a system and maximize the availability of goods and services while minimizing their cost and footprint or, more simply, the capacity of a system to endure. Sustainment is a multi-trillion-dollar enterprise for critical systems, in both government (infrastructure and defense) and industry (transportation, industrial controls, data centers, and energy generation).This book is a mix of engineering, operations research, and policy sciences intended to provide students with a thorough understanding of the concept of sustainability and sustainable product life-cycles, and an appreciation of the importance of sustaining critical systems. It starts from the key attributes for system sustainment that includes data analytics, engineering analysis and the public policy needed to support the development of technologies, processes, and frameworks required for the management of sustainable processes and practices. The specific topics covered include: acquisition of critical systems, reliability, maintenance, availability, readiness, inventory management, supply-chain management and risks, contracting for sustainment, and various analysis methodologies (discounted cash flow analysis, discrete-event simulation and Monte Carlo methods). Practice problems are included at the end of each chapter.

This book provides an introduction to the Human Centred Design of autonomous vehicles for professionals and students. While rapid progress is being made in the field of autonomous road vehicles the majority of actions and the research address the technical challenges, with little attention to the physical, perceptual, cognitive and emotional needs of humans. This book fills a gap in the knowledge by providing an easily understandable introduction to the needs and desires of people in relation to autonomous vehicles. The book is "human centred design" led, adding an important human perspective to the primarily technology-driven debates about autonomous vehicles. It combines knowledge from fields ranging from linguistics to electrical engineering to provide a holistic, multidisciplinary overview of the issues affecting the interactions between autonomous vehicles and people. It emphasises the constraints and requirements that a human centred perspective necessitates, giving balanced information about the potential conflicts between technical and human factors. The book provides a helpful introduction to the field of design ethics, to enhance the reader's awareness and understanding of the multiple ethical issues involved in autonomous vehicle design. Written as an accessible guide for design practitioners and students, this will be a key read for those interested in the psychological, sociological and ethical factors involved in automotive design, human centred design, industrial design and technology.

The book gives a broad overview of the Internet of Things (IoT) concept from various angles. The book provides rationale for: the concept development; its regulatory and technical background associated aspects such as the ambient and edge intelligence; fog computing; capillary networks and machine-type communications; etc. Each of these items is then extended in further respective chapters that deal with technicalities behind them. Chapters: 2-5, 8, 10-11 are addressed to those who seek expository IoT-related information on aspects such as the pathloss calculation, narrowband radio interfaces, radiation masks, spectrum matters, medium access control, and a transmission frame construction. That section ends with an exhaustive description of the six most popular IoT systems: LoRa, Weightless, SigFox, NB-IoT, LTE-M(TC) and EC-GSM IoT. Specialists and network designers may find chapters 6 and 7 interesting where a novel methodology is proposed for testing narrowband IoT systems performance for immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and multipath propagation, both emulated in artificial conditions of the anechoic and the reverberation chamber.

This book focuses on advanced methods for the structural and thermal analysis of deepwater pipelines and risers. It discusses the limit strength of sandwich pipes, including finite-element analysis using Python scripts, collapse of sandwich pipes with cementitious/polymer composites, buckle propagation of sandwich pipes, dynamic behavior of subsea pipes, flow-induced vibration of functionally graded pipes, two-phase flow-induced vibration of pipelines, vortex-induced vibration of free-spanning pipelines, and the thermal analysis of composites pipes with passive insulation, active heating, and phase change material layers. It also explores structural analysis using finite element analysis and the integral transform technique for fluid-structure interaction. Lastly, the use of lumped parameter formulations combined with finite differences for the thermal analysis of pipelines is examined.

This book presents new findings in industrial cyber-physical system design and control for various domains, as well as their social and economic impacts on society. Industry 4.0 requires new approaches in the context of secure connections, control, and maintenance of cyber-physical systems as well as enhancing their interaction with humans. The book focuses on open issues of cyber-physical system control and its usage, discussing implemented breakthrough systems, models, programs, and methods that could be used in industrial processes for the control, condition assessment, diagnostics, prognostication, and proactive maintenance of cyber-physical systems. Further, it addresses the topic of ensuring the cybersecurity of industrial cyber-physical systems and proposes new, reliable solutions. The authors also examine the impact of university courses on the performance of industrial complexes, and the organization of education for the development of cyber-physical systems. The book is intended for practitioners, enterprise representatives, scientists, students, and Ph.D. and master's students conducting research in the area of cyber-physical system development and implementation in various domains.

This book presents the select peer-reviewed proceeding of the International Conference on Advanced Production and Industrial Engineering (ICAPIE) - 2021 held at Delhi Technological University. It covers recent trends in various fields of mechanical engineering. The broad range of topics and issues covered include mechanical system engineering, materials engineering, micro-machining, renewable energy, industrial engineering and additive manufacturing. This book will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in the area of mechanical and allied engineering discipline.

This book encapsulates and highlights the most recent innovations, breakthroughs, and comparisons of advanced sustainable manufacturing and material processing techniques for high-performance materials applications with a focus on sustainability and using conventional available methods. Sustainable Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Processing: Methods and Technologies addresses the various sustainable manufacturing and materials processing techniques for advanced materials. It discusses advancements in conventional and non-conventional techniques used in casting, joining, drilling, surface engineering, sintering, and composite manufacturing. The book focuses on a wide range of manufacturing techniques and materials processing technologies along with their benefits, limitations, and sustainability quotient. The conventional and advanced processes are compared in parallel to understand the need for advanced methods in manufacturing technology. This book is helpful to academic scholars and commercial manufacturers in giving them a first-hand source of information on sustainable manufacturing and material processing technology.

This book presents the proceedings of the 8th International Ergonomics Conference (ERGONOMICS), held in Zagreb, Croatia on December 2-5, 2020. By highlighting the latest theories and models, as well as cutting-edge technologies and applications, and by combining findings from a range of disciplines including engineering, design, robotics, healthcare, management, computer science, human biology and behavioral science, it provides researchers and practitioners alike with a comprehensive, timely guide on human factors and ergonomics. It also offers an excellent source of innovative ideas to stimulate future discussions and developments aimed at applying knowledge and techniques to optimize system performance, while at the same time promoting the health, safety and wellbeing of individuals. The proceedings include papers from researchers and practitioners, scientists and physicians, institutional leaders, managers and policy makers that contribute to constructing the Human Factors and Ergonomics approach across a variety of methodologies, domains and productive sectors.

The book collects the latest research and thinking from international experts on green computing and the smart city. The financial and environmental costs of energy are a concern in smart cities due to the high usage of computing, technology, security, IoT, communications, traffic, and other technologies. This book tackles this problem with a focus on computing, reporting on various approaches being taken worldwide, illustrated by several international case studies demonstrating these approaches. Researchers use this book as an up-to-date reference and engineers use it as a guide for the design and implementation of real solutions.

This book comprises select proceedings of the National Conference on Recent Advances in Traffic Engineering (RATE 2018) with technical papers on the themes of traffic operation control and management, traffic safety and vulnerable road users, and sustainable transportation. It covers a wide range of topics, including advanced traffic data collection methods, big data analysis, mix-traffic characterization and modelling, travel time reliability, scenario of pedestrian and non-motorised vehicles (NMVs) traffic, regional traffic growth modelling, and applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in traffic management. The contents of this book offer up-to-date and practical knowledge on different aspects of traffic engineering, which is useful for students, researchers as well as practitioners.

Current Trends in Biomanufacturing focuses on cutting-edge research regarding the design, fabrication, assembly, and measurement of bio-elements into structures, devices, and systems. The field of biomaterial and biomanufacturing is growing exponentially in order to meet the increasing demands of for artificial joints, organs and bone-fixation devices. Rapid advances in the biological sciences and engineering are leading to newer and viable resources, methods and techniques that may providing better quality of life and more affordable health care services. The book covers the broad aspects of biomanufacturing, including: synthesis of biomaterials; implant coating techniques; spark plasma sintering; microwave processing; and cladding, powder metallurgy and electrospinning. The contributors illustrate the recent trends of biomanufacturing, highlighting the important aspects of biomaterial synthesis, and their use as feedstock of fabrication technologies and their characterization, along with their clinical practices. Current Trends in Biomanufacturing updates researchers and scientists the novelties and techniques of the field, as it summarises numerous aspects of biomanufacturing, including synthesis of biomaterials, fabrication of biomedical structures, their in-vivo/ in-vitro, mechanical analysis and associated ISO standards.

The last decades have seen remarkable advances in computer-aided design, engineering and manufacturing technologies, multi-variable simulation tools, medical imaging, biomimetic design, rapid prototyping, micro and nanomanufacturing methods and information management resources, all of which provide new horizons for the Biomedical Engineering fields and the Medical Device Industry. Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technologies for Biomedical Devices covers such topics in depth, with an applied perspective and providing several case studies that help to analyze and understand the key factors of the different stages linked to the development of a novel biomedical device, from the conceptual and design steps, to the prototyping and industrialization phases. Main research challenges and future potentials are also discussed, taking into account relevant social demands and a growing market already exceeding billions of dollars. In time, advanced biomedical devices will decisively change methods and results in the medical world, dramatically improving diagnoses and therapies for all kinds of pathologies. But if these biodevices are to fulfill present expectations, today's engineers need a thorough grounding in related simulation, design and manufacturing technologies, and collaboration between experts of different areas has to be promoted, as is also analyzed within this handbook.

Design Engineering and Science teaches the theory and practice of axiomatic design (AD). It explains the basics of how to conceive and deliver solutions to a variety of design problems. The text shows how a logical framework and scientific basis for design can generate creative solutions in many fields, including engineering, materials, organizations, and a variety of large systems. Learning to apply the systematic methods advocated by AD, a student can construct designs that lead to better environmental sustainability and to increased quality of life for the end-user at the same time reducing the overall cost of the product development process. Examples of previous innovations that take advantage of AD methods include: * on-line electric vehicle design for electric buses with wireless power supply; * mobile harbors that allow unloading of large ships in shallow waters; * microcellular plastics with enhanced toughness and lower weight; and * organizational changes in companies and universities resulting in more efficient and competitive ways of working. The book is divided into two parts. Part I provides detailed and thorough instruction in the fundamentals of design, discussing why design is so important. It explains the relationship between and the selection of functional requirements, design parameters and process variables, and the representation of design outputs. Part II presents multiple applications of AD, including examples from manufacturing, healthcare, and materials processing. Following a course based on this text students learn to create new products and design bespoke manufacturing systems. They will gain insight into how to create imaginative design solutions that satisfy customer needs and learn to avoid introducing undue complexity into their designs. This informative text provides practical and academic insight for engineering design students and will help instructors teach the subject in a novel and more rigorous fashion. Their knowledge of AD will stand former students in good stead in the workplace as these methods are both taught and used in many leading industrial concerns.

This book provides the key technologies involved in an organization's digital transformation. It offers a deep understanding of the key technologies (Blockchain, AI, Big Data, IoT, etc.) involved and details the impact, the decision-making process, and the interplay between technologies, business models, and operations. Managing the Digital Transformation: Aligning Technologies, Business Models, and Operations provides frameworks and models to support digital transformation projects. The book presents the importance of digital transformation as a resilience approach to the operations processes and business models. It covers the essential elements integrating the technology, the organizations, the operations, and supply chain management used to move toward digital transformation. Concepts and mini-case studies are included to provide a deeper understanding of digital transformation projects with a holistic view. The book also examines the role that digital transformation plays with consideration of inter-organizational and intra-organizational capabilities, along with the role of digital culture, the worker's skills, business models, reconfiguration, as well as an operations optimization angle. Practitioners, consultants, governments, managers, scholars, and anyone interested in digital transformation will find the contents of this book very useful.

Offering a model, an implementing strategy, as well as traditional and nontraditional methods for the successful enhancement and maintenance of quality, this work establishes a rationale for the continuation of Total Quality Management (TQM) in all organizations. It considers leading quality-related topics, such as unusual charts, supplier-organization-customer relationships, customer needs and expectations, instructional design, adult learning, advanced quality planning, and reliability.