With the growing use of feedback controls, "hard" nonlinearities have become ubiquitous in engineering practice despite their rare treatment in academic texts. This book introduces a unified adaptive inverse approach for the control of systems with unknown nonlinearities and settles long-standing engineering problems posed by imperfections of actuators and sensors.

Focusing on dead-zone, backlash, and hysteresis, the authors show how real-time computations can counteract the effects of these nonlinearities. In many applications their approach avoids the need for costly and specialized hardware.

This easy-to-use, self-contained presentation of the entirely new adaptive inverse design is geared towards practicing engineers, researchers, and graduate students.

Adaptive Control of Systems with Actuator and Sensor Nonlinearities features:

• Systematic treatment for actuator and sensor nonlinearities.
• Examples of dead-zone, backlash, and hysteresis models and their inverses.
• Broad coverage that ranges from satellite antennas and piezo-positioners to industrial automation and consumer electronics.
• Step-by-step instructions for adaptive inverse design and implementation.
• Unified continuous- and discrete-time presentation.
• A concise review of model reference adaptive control theory.
• Extensive illustrations of system performance improvement.
• Over ninety figures and design examples.

The history of mankind is a story of ascent to unprecedented levels of comfort, productivity and consumption, enabled by the increased mastery of the basic reserves and flows of energy. This miraculous trajectory is confronted by the consensus that anthropogenic emissions are harmful and must decrease, requiring de-carbonization of the energy system. The mature field of indicator-based sustainability assessment provides a rigorous systematic framework to balance the pros and cons of the various existing energy technologies using lifecycle assessments and weighting criteria covering the environment, economy, and society, as the three pillars of sustainability. In such a framework, nuclear power is ranked favorably, but since emphasis is often placed on radioactive wastes and risk aversion, renewables are usually ranked top. However, quantifying the severity of the consequences of nuclear accidents on a rough integral cost basis and balancing severity with low core-damage accident probabilities indicates that the average external cost of such accidents is similar to that of modern renewables, and far less than carbon-based energy. This book formulates the overall goal and associated unprecedented demanding criteria of taming nuclear risks by excluding mechanisms that lead to serious accidents and avoiding extremely long stewardship times as far as possible, by design. It reviews the key design features of nuclear power generation, paving the way for the exploration of radically new combinations of technologies to come up with "revolutionary" or even "exotic" system designs. The book also provides scores for the selected designs and discusses the high potential for far-reaching improvements, with small modular lines of the best versions as being most attractive. Given the ambition and challenges, the authors call for an urgent increase in funding of at least two orders of magnitude for a broad international civilian "super-Apollo" program on nuclear energy systems. Experience indicates that such investments in fundamental technologies enable otherwise unattainable revolutionary innovations with massive beneficial spillovers to the private sector and the public for the next generations.

This is the first textbook to address quantified risk assessment (QRA) as specifically applied to offshore installations and operations. As the first part of the two-volume updated and expanded fourth edition, it adds a new focus on the EU Offshore Safety Directive, and discusses the new perspective on risk from the Norwegian Petroleum Safety Authority, followed by new and updated international standards. New safety statistics for the Norwegian sectors are presented, as well as new case studies on international offshore accidents, such as the explosion on FPSO Sao Mateus in 2015, which involved 9 fatalities. Separate chapters analyse the main hazards for offshore structures: fire, explosion, collision, and falling objects, as well as structural and marine hazards. Risk mitigation and control are discussed, as well as how the results of quantitative risk assessment studies should be presented. The fourth edition presents updated hydrocarbon release statistics, together with new methods for modelling the risk from ignited hydrocarbon releases. There have been recent advances in the modelling of collision risk from passing and attending vessels, based on extensive research; these advances are described in detail, in addition to new developments in the safety of Dynamic Positioning vessels. In closing, the book provides updated statistics and lessons learned from accidents involving offshore helicopter transportation of personnel. The book offers a comprehensive reference guide for academics and students of marine/offshore risk assessment and management. It will also be of interest to professionals in the industry, as well as contractors, suppliers, consultants and regulatory authorities.

This book details how safety (i.e. the absence of unacceptable risks) is ensured in areas where potentially explosive atmospheres (ATEX) can arise. The book also offers readers essential information on how to comply with the newest (April 2016) EU legislation when the presence of ATEX cannot be avoided. By presenting general guidance on issues arising out of the EU ATEX legislation - especially on zone classification, explosion risk assessment, equipment categorization, Ex-marking and related technical/chemical aspects - the book provides equipment manufacturers, responsible employers, and others with the essential knowledge they need to be able to understand the different - and often complicated - aspects of ATEX and to implement the necessary safety precautions. As such, it represents a valuable resource for all those concerned with maintaining high levels of safety in ATEX environments.

It has been estimated that over 75% of the innovative projects that begin through the Innovation Management System (IMS) are either failures or they failed to produce the desired results. The biggest wastes most medium- to large-size organizations face are the waste of money, time, reputation, opportunity, and income that these failures are costing them. Following this book's recommendations could reduce this failure cost by as much as 70%. The purpose of this book is to provide a step-by-step procedure on how to process a medium- or large-size project, program, or product using an already-established IMS that considers the guidance given in ISO 56002:2019 - Innovation Management Systems Standard. Often the most complicated, complex, difficult, and challenging system used in an organization is the IMS. At the same time, it usually is the most important system because it is the one that generates most of the value-adding products for the organization, and it involves most of the key functions within the organization. The opportunity for failure in time and the impact on the organization is critical and often means the difference between success and bankruptcy. Throughout this book, the authors detail the high-impact inputs and activities that are required to process individual projects/programs/products through the innovation cycle. Although this book was prepared to address how medium to large projects, programs, and products proceed through the cycle, it also provides the framework that can be used for small organizations and simple innovation activities. Basically, the major difference between large- and small-impact innovation projects is that the small projects can accept more risks, require less formal documentation, use simpler communication systems, and require fewer resources. It's important to remember that the authors are addressing an existing IMS rather than trying to create an entirely new one. Currently, this is the only book geared for professionals responsible for managing innovative projects and programs using ISO 56002:2019 - Innovation Management - Innovation Management System - Guidance to provide a comprehensive management strategy and step-by-step plan and ISO 56004 Innovation Management Assessment -Guidance. It provides a comprehensive analysis of what is required from the time an opportunity is recognized to the time the customer is using the innovative product. The book also introduces a new Process modeling cloud service that allows you to drill down 5 levels from the system level to the job description level and includes free access to many of the book's best practice Process models.

This book is an implementation guide for creating a Lean Culture from the ground up while gaining buy-in from key stakeholders and being able to sustain the results. Everyone talks about implementing a Lean Culture, but only provides Lean Tools for the implementation. This book discusses implementing the entire system from three main aspects. It covers the people (structural and cultural), the operation system, and the tools. Also included is a full set of case studies to show real-life implementations as well. FEATURES: Discusses Leader Standard work for all employees Covers the escalation process for tiers and daily accountability Shows how to deal with a change of SOP's and standardization within an organization Presents exercises for Lean Tools Implementation Offers real-life case studies of implementing a Lean Culture while sustaining it Building a Sustainable Lean Culture: An Implementation Guide discusses Lean Leadership from a managerial standpoint and ensures the Lean journey succeeds through accountability, standardized work, and technological advances utilizing Lean Systems. Useful in manufacturing, services, IT, and healthcare, this book includes the implementation of empowering employees to want to build a Lean Culture.

Reliability and safety are core issues that must be addressed throughout the life cycle of engineering systems. Reliability and Safety Engineering presents an overview of the basic concepts, together with simple and practical illustrations. The authors present reliability terminology in various engineering fields, viz., electronics engineering, software engineering, mechanical engineering, structural engineering and power systems engineering. The book describes the latest applications in the area of probabilistic safety assessment, such as technical specification optimization, risk monitoring and risk informed in-service inspection. Reliability and safety studies must, inevitably, deal with uncertainty, so the book includes uncertainty propagation methods: Monte Carlo simulation, fuzzy arithmetic, Dempster-Shafer theory and probability bounds. Reliability and Safety Engineering also highlights advances in system reliability and safety assessment including dynamic system modeling and uncertainty management. Case studies from typical nuclear power plants as well as from structural, software and electronic systems are also discussed. Reliability and Safety Engineering combines discussions of the existing literature on basic concepts and applications with state-of-the-art methods used in reliability and risk assessment of engineering systems. It is designed to assist practicing engineers, students and researchers in the areas of reliability engineering and risk analysis.

This book introduces readers to cybersecurity and its impact on the realization of the Industry 4.0 vision. It covers the technological foundations of cybersecurity within the scope of the Industry 4.0 landscape and details the existing cybersecurity threats faced by Industry 4.0, as well as state-of-the-art solutions with regard to both academic research and practical implementations. Industry 4.0 and its associated technologies, such as the Industrial Internet of Things and cloud-based design and manufacturing systems are examined, along with their disruptive innovations. Further, the book analyzes how these phenomena capitalize on the economies of scale provided by the Internet. The book offers a valuable resource for practicing engineers and decision makers in industry, as well as researchers in the design and manufacturing communities and all those interested in Industry 4.0 and cybersecurity.

This book addresses the current development status of high-speed railways globally and analyzes their operational schemes and practices under emergent conditions. It covers methods and problem-solving philosophy with regard to complexity analysis, capacity evaluation, passenger-flow forecasts, operating strategies, passenger-flow allocation, resource allocation and supporting technologies in the context of serious accidents and adverse environmental influences on train operation and service organization of high-speed railways. The abnormal scenarios, emergent conditions, adverse events and corresponding theoretical and applicational solutions dealing with the train operation both in line and network scale are all from real-world cases related to and designed for Chinese high-speed railway network which is the largest in scale, the highest in complexity and the most difficult in tackling with the complex and diverse climate and geographical environment , and thus makes the book both theoretically rigorous and practically applicable. It not only helps readers consider the train and network interactions from the perspective of complexity science, but also provides them with a philosophical framework and approaches available to construct their own roadmap and problem-solving paradigms in their daily research or management. This book is suitable for researchers, postgraduates and managerial and engineering practitioners in railway-related fields, especially in high-speed railway operation and emergency management.

This state-of-the-art book highlights recent advances and discussions in tribological technologies in sheet metal forming. The contents focus on the fundamentals to the more complex topics such as micro contact and lubricant behaviors, FEM analysis in deep drawing process, usage of tribo-simulators, friction behavior in flat sliding, tribological numerical modeling, and simulation of seizure. This book is a useful reference for academicians and researchers in the field of lubrication, sheet metal forming, and tooling.

With the boom of big data and machine learning and the subsequent need for parallel processing technologies, fork-join queues are more relevant now than ever before. In this book, new estimates of the average response time in fork-join queues are proposed, which form the basis for new research opportunities. Analysis of Fork-Join Systems: Network of Queues with Precedence Constraints explores numerical approaches to estimate the average response time of fork-join queueing networks and offers never before published simple expressions for the mean response time as conjectures. Extensive experiments are included to demonstrate the remarkable accuracy of the conjectures and algorithms used in the estimation of the average response time. Graduate students, professors, and researchers in the fields of operations research, management science, industrial engineering, computer science, and electrical engineering will find this book very useful. Students, as well as researchers in both academia and industry, will also find this book of great help when looking for results related to fork-join queues

On the one side, Industrial competitiveness today means shorter product lifecycles, increased product variety, and shorter times to market and customized tangible products and services. To face these challenges, the manufacturing industry is forced to move from traditional management, control, and automation approaches towards industrial cyber-physical systems. On the other side, several emergent engineering approaches and related Information-Communication-Control-Technologies, such as Multi-Agent-Systems, Service-Oriented Architecture, Plug-and-Produce Systems, Cloud and Fog Technologies, Big Data and Analytics, among others, have been researched during the last years. The confluence of those results with the latest developments in Industrial Digitalization, Systems-of-Cyber-Physical-Systems Engineering, Internet-of-Things, Internet-of-Services, and Industry 4.0 is opening a new broad spectrum of innovation possibilities. The PERFoRM (Production-harmonizEd-Reconfiguration of Flexible Robots and Machinery) approach is one of them. It teaches the reader what it means when production machines and systems are digitalized and migrated into Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems and what happens when they are networked and start collaborating with each other and with the human, using the internet. After a Technology Trend Screening and beyond a comprehensive state-of-the-art analysis about Industrial Digitalization and Industry 4.0-compliant solutions, the book introduces methods, architectures, and technologies applicable in real industrial use cases, explained for a broad audience of researchers, practitioners, and industrialists.

This book presents selected papers from the 9th International Workshop of Advanced Manufacturing and Automation (IWAMA 2019), held in Plymouth, UK, on November 21-22, 2019. Discussing topics such as novel techniques for manufacturing and automation in Industry 4.0 and smart factories, which are vital for maintaining and improving economic development and quality of life, it offers researchers and industrial engineers insights into implementing the concepts and theories of Industry 4.0, in order to effectively respond to the challenges posed by the 4th industrial revolution and smart factories.

Max Hoffmann describes the realization of a framework that enables autonomous decision-making in industrial manufacturing processes by means of multi-agent systems and the OPC UA meta-modeling standard. The integration of communication patterns and SOA with grown manufacturing systems enables an upgrade of legacy environments in terms of Industry 4.0 related technologies. The added value of the derived solutions are validated through an industrial use case and verified by the development of a demonstrator that includes elements of self-optimization through Machine Learning and communication with high-level planning systems such as ERP. About the Author: Dr.-Ing. Max Hoffmann is a scientific researcher at the Institute of Information Management in Mechanical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, and leads the group "Industrial Big Data". His research emphasizes on production optimization by means of data integration through interoperability and communication standards for industrial manufacturing and integrated analysis by using Machine Learning and stream-based information processing.

This volume gathers the latest fundamental research contributions, innovations, and applications in the field of design and analysis of complex robotic mechanical systems, machines, and mechanisms, as presented by leading international researchers at the 2nd USCToMM Symposium on Mechanical Systems and Robotics (USCToMM MSR), held in Rapid City, South Dakota, USA on May 19-21, 2022. It covers highly diverse topics, including soft, wearable and origami robotic systems; applications to walking, flying, climbing, underground, swimming and space systems; human rehabilitation and performance augmentation; design and analysis of mechanisms and machines; human-robot collaborative systems; service robotics; mechanical systems and robotics education; and the commercialization of mechanical systems and robotics. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting and impactful research results that will inspire novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary research collaborations among researchers from around the globe.

This book highlights the state-of-the-art research on data usage, security, and privacy in the scenarios of the Internet of Things (IoT), along with related applications using Machine Learning and Big Data technologies to design and make efficient Internet-compatible IoT systems. ICT and Data Sciences brings together IoT and Machine Learning and provides the careful integration of both, along with many examples and case studies. It illustrates the merging of two technologies while presenting basic to high-level concepts covering different fields and domains such as the Hospitality and Tourism industry, Smart Clothing, Cyber Crime, Programming, Communications, Business Intelligence, all in the context of the Internet of Things. The book is written for researchers and practitioners, working in Information Communication Technology and Computer Science.

This book provides the latest technical information on sustainable materials that are feedstocks for additive manufacturing (AM). Topics covered include an up-to-date and extensive overview of raw materials, their chemistry, and functional properties of their commercial versions; a description of the relevant AM processes, products, applications, advantages, and limitations; prices and market data; and a forecast of sustainable materials used in AM, their properties, and applications in the near future. Data included are relative to current commercial products and are presented in easy-to-read tables and charts. Features Highlights up-to-date information and data of actual commercial materials Offers a broad survey of state-of the-art information Forecasts future materials, applications, and areas of R&D Contains simple language, explains technical terms, and minimizes technical lingo Includes over 200 tables, nearly 200 figures, and more than 1,700 references to technical publications, mostly very recent Handbook of Sustainable Polymers for Additive Manufacturing appeals to a diverse audience of students and academic, technical, and business professionals in the fields of materials science and mechanical, chemical, and manufacturing engineering.

This book presents a systematic approach to the management of physical assets from concept to disposal, building upon the previous editions and brought up-to-date with the new international standards ISO55002 and ISO/TS50010. It introduces the general principles of physical asset management and covers all stages of the asset management process, including initial business appraisal, identification of physical asset needs, capability gap analysis, financial evaluation, logistic support analysis, life cycle costing, strategic asset management planning, maintenance strategy, outsourcing, cost-benefit analysis, disposal and renewal. Features include: providing a textbook for asset management courses to university level; relating closely to the ISO55000 international asset management standard series; providing a basis for the establishment of physical asset management as a professional discipline; and presenting case studies, analytical techniques and numerical examples with solutions. Written for practitioners and students in asset management, this book provides an essential foundation to the topic. It is suitable for an advanced undergraduate or postgraduate course in asset management and also offers an ideal reference text for engineers and managers specializing in asset management, reliability, maintenance, logistics or systems engineering.

This book highlights the importance of geothermal energy by studying its potential either alone or in combination with solar energy, focusing on its industrial application. Its starting point is to identify in a thorough and precise manner the barriers that hinder the implementation of geothermal energy in Spain and the European Union and the measures to be taken to achieve its diffusion and regular use. Next, the book looks at how geothermal energy could contribute to this sector and to the desalination industry in particular, analysing a specific case in the south of Spain and extrapolating its results to a set of existing desalination plants in the Spanish Mediterranean with really interesting results in terms of economic amortisation and CO2 emissions avoided to the atmosphere. Beyond the desalination industry, this work demonstrates that almost 85% of the industrial processes of all industry in Spain can be carried out with very low, low and medium temperature geothermal resources and even applies its results to a set of existing solar plants, comparing in economic terms the results already obtained with those that would have been obtained if geothermal energy had been applied.

This book gives a contemporary and comprehensive overview of the physics of lightning and protection systems, based on nearly 40 years of research, teaching, and consultancy work in this area. The book begins with an overview of the climatology of lightning and electric storms, as well as giving insight into lightning discharge from the preliminary discharges or processes such as corona, stepped leader, and subsequent return strokes, including the important submicrosecond threats and continuous current. The subsequent chapters present measures of lightning threat analysis to aircraft and electric power systems, protection measures to be used in high-voltage to low-voltage computer and communication systems, as well as to commercial and domestic buildings. The book discusses challenges posed by the submicrosecond lighting current changes and climate change to present and future high-voltage apparatus and structures (including carbon composite aircraft and new buildings) exposed to lightning strikes. Including worked examples, illustrations, and detailed analysis, Lightening Engineering will be of interest to electrical engineers, as well as researchers and graduate students.

When the Tyrian princess Dido landed on the North African shore of the Mediterranean sea she was welcomed by a local chieftain. He offered her all the land that she could enclose between the shoreline and a rope of knotted cowhide. While the legend does not tell us, we may assume that Princess Dido arrived at the correct solution by stretching the rope into the shape of a circular arc and thereby maximized the area of the land upon which she was to found Carthage. This story of the founding of Carthage is apocryphal. Nonetheless it is probably the first account of a problem of the kind that inspired an entire mathematical discipline, the calculus of variations and its extensions such as the theory of optimal control. This book is intended to present an introductory treatment of the calculus of variations in Part I and of optimal control theory in Part II. The discussion in Part I is restricted to the simplest problem of the calculus of variations. The topic is entirely classical; all of the basic theory had been developed before the turn of the century. Consequently the material comes from many sources; however, those most useful to me have been the books of Oskar Bolza and of George M. Ewing. Part II is devoted to the elementary aspects of the modern extension of the calculus of variations, the theory of optimal control of dynamical systems.

This book addresses the various risks associated with the transport of dangerous goods within a territory. The emphasis of the contributions is on methods and tools to reduce the vulnerability of both the environment and human society to accidents or malicious acts involving such transport. With topics ranging from game theory to governance principles, the authors together cover technical, legal, financial, and logistic aspects of this problem. The intended audience includes responsible persons in territorial organizations, managers of transport infrastructures, as well as students, teachers and researchers wishing to deepen their knowledge in this area.

This book consists of peer-reviewed papers, presented at the International Conference on Sustainable Design and Manufacturing (SDM 2021). Leading-edge research into sustainable design and manufacturing aims to enable the manufacturing industry to grow by adopting more advanced technologies and at the same time improve its sustainability by reducing its environmental impact. Relevant themes and topics include sustainable design, innovation and services; sustainable manufacturing processes and technology; sustainable manufacturing systems and enterprises; and decision support for sustainability. Application areas are wide and varied. The book will provide an excellent overview of the latest developments in the sustainable design and manufacturing area.

Optimization of Pharmaceutical Processes presents contributions from leading authorities in the fields of optimization and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Formulated within structured frameworks, practical examples and applications are given as guidance to apply optimization techniques to most aspects of pharmaceutical processes from design, to lab and pilot scale, and finally to manufacturing. The increasing demand for better quality, higher yield, more efficient-optimized and green pharmaceutical processes, indicates that optimal conditions for production must be applied to achieve simplicity, lower costs and superior yield. The application of such methods in the pharmaceutical industry is not trivial. Quality of the final product is of major importance to human health and the need for deep knowledge of the process parameters and the optimization of the processes are imperative. The volume, which includes new methods as well as review contributions will benefit a wide readership including engineers in pharmaceuticals, chemical, biological, to name just a few.

This book focuses on open issues of new intelligent control paradigms and their usage. Industry 4.0 requires new approaches in the context of secure connection, control, and maintenance of robotic systems, as well as enhancing their interaction with humans. The book presents recent advances in industrial robotics, and robotic design and modeling for various domains, and discusses the methodological foundations of the collaborative robotics concept as a breakthrough in modern industrial technologies. It also describes the implementation of multi-agent models, programs and methods that could be used in future processes for control, condition assessment, diagnostics, prognostication, and proactive maintenance. Further, the book addresses the issue of ensuring the space robotics systems and proposes reliable novel solutions. The authors also illustrate the integration of deep-learning methods and mathematical modeling based on examples of successful robotic systems in various countries, and analyze the connections between robotic modeling and design from the positions of new industrial challenges. The book is intended for practitioners and enterprise representatives, as well as scientists and Ph.D. and Master's students pursuing research in the area of cyber-physical system development and implementation in various domains.