This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics (TPHOLs 2008), which was held during August 18-21, 2008 in Montreal, Canada. TPHOLs covers all aspects of theorem proving in higher order logics as well as related topics in theorem proving and veri?cation. There were 40 papers submitted to TPHOLs 2008 in the full research c- egory, each of which was refereed by at least four reviewers selected by the ProgramCommittee. Of these submissions, 17 researchpapers and 1 proofpearl were accepted for presentation at the conference and publication in this v- ume. In keeping with longstanding tradition, TPHOLs 2008 also o?ered a venue for the presentation of emerging trends, where researchers invited discussion by means of a brief introductory talk and then discussed their work at a poster session. A supplementary proceedings volume was published as a 2008 technical report of Concordia University. The organizersaregratefulto MichaelGordonand StevenMiller for agreeing togiveinvitedtalksatTPHOLs2008.Aspartofthecelebrationofthe20yearsof TPHOLs, TPHOLs 2008 invited tool developers and expert users to give special tool presentations of the most representative theorem provers in higher order logics. The following speakers kindly accepted our invitation and we aregrateful tothem: YvesBertot(Coq), MattKaufmann(ACL2), SamOwre(PVS), Konrad Slind (HOL), and Makarius Wenzel (Isabel

Programming permeates almost all aspects of our lives. This includes being active on social media, shopping online, and participating in virtual courses. It also includes driving a car and using many devices. This book will teach you the basics of programming using the Processing programming language and provide practice with logical, algorithmic thinking. It can provide insight into what is involved in producing the technical infrastructure of our world. While reading this book, you can build programs based on your own ideas, using images you create or acquire and making connections to activities you enjoy. The chapters in the book will demonstrate the process of programming, starting with formulating an idea, planning, building on past projects, and refining the work, similar to writing an essay or composing a song. This approach will guide you to make use of logic and mathematics to produce beautiful effects. The text contains an Appendix with an introduction to p5.js, a way to produce JavaScript programs with Processing functionality for drawing, images, and interactions to publish on the Web. The term for program in Processing is sketch. The Processing language has been constructed by visual artists using the Java programming language as a base. However, the sketches featured in this book and typical in Processing are far more than static drawings; they incorporate interaction, animation, video, audio, and accessing files on the local computer and on the Web. Technical features are introduced and explained in the context of complete examples: games (Snake, Hangman, jigsaw, slingshot), making a collage of family images and video clips, preparing directions for folding an origami model, rotating objects in 3D, and others. Programming is a fun, creative, expressive pursuit. It does require attention to details and can be frustrating. Still, there is very little that compares to the satisfaction of building a program out of nothing and making it work (or taking an existing program and fixing a problem, or adding a feature and making it better). Programming 101 is your gateway to making this happen. What You'll Learn Gain basic programming skills Build fun and creative programs Use files for making a holiday card or a sequence of instructions Combine videos, images, and graphics in a Processing sketch Connections to other programming languages, most especially Java and JavaScript Who This Book Is For Anyone who has been thinking about trying programming, or has tried, but needs assistance. Anyone who wants to use their own creativity and artistic talents. Anyone who wants to know what is involved in the technology that is present in our lives. Anyone who wants to know what is involved in the technology that is present in our lives.

This book not only teaches the necessary skill set to become a proficient Ruby on Rails developer, it also explains the theory needed for the developer to explore and learn on their own. The reader will not be burdened by yet another set of "hello world" and other mundane examples. In this text they will learn Ruby on Rails by creating real world projects; a task manager, RSS aggregator, a community manager similar to MySpace.com, and an Amazon based store. While the book covers the basics for beginners, it also offers more advanced tools, including Ajax and a detailed discussion of ActiveRecord and ActionPack.

The refereed post-proceedings of the International Workshop of the Types Working Group are presented in this volume. The 17 papers address all current issues in formal reasoning and computer programming based on type theory, including languages and computerized tools for reasoning; applications in several domains, such as analysis of programming languages; certified software; formalization of mathematics; and mathematics education.

This book will teach you how to build hand-crafted web pages the Web Standardistas way: using well-structured XHTML for content and CSS for presentation.

By embracing a web standards approach, you will hold the key to creating web sites that not only look great in all modern browsers, but also are accessible to a wide variety of audiences across a range of platformsfrom those browsing on everyday computers, to those accessing the Web on the latest emerging mobile devices.

Even if you're an absolute beginner in web design, this book will teach you how to build future-proof web pages the right way using easy-to-master tools which are, in most cases, free. Through 14 easy-to-follow chapters, we introduce you to the fundamentals of contemporary web design practice. Step by step we'll assemble well-structured XHTML webpages, which we'll then style using handcrafted CSS.

By the end of the book, you'll have a firm knowledge of the essentials of web design: everything you need to know to move forward in your lifelong journey as a Web Standardista.

To equip you on this noble quest, we've included enjoyable practical assignments at the end of each chapter. Embracing these challenges will not only teach you how to create great looking web sites that are the envy of your peers, but also equip you with an unrivaled knowledge of monkeys that journeyed to space and apes that starred in the moviesthe real stars of this book.

On completion of this book not only will you be able to create well-crafted web sites, but you will have earned the badge of a Web Standardista, proving your worth as a good citizen of the Web.

Conceptual modeling has long been recognized as the primary means to enable so- ware development in information systems and data engineering. Conceptual modeling provides languages, methods and tools to understand and represent the application domain; to elicit, conceptualize and formalize system requirements and user needs; to communicate systems designs to all stakeholders; and to formally verify and validate systems design on high levels of abstraction. The International Conference on Conceptual Modeling provides a premiere forum for presenting and discussing current research and applications in which the major emphasis is on conceptual modeling. Topics of interest span the entire spectrum of conceptual modeling including research and practice in areas such as theories of concepts and ontologies underlying conceptual modeling, methods and tools for - veloping and communicating conceptual models, and techniques for transforming conceptual models into effective implementations. The scientific program of ER 2008 featured several activities running in parallel. The core activity was the presentation of the 33 research papers published in this volume, which were selected by a large Program Committee (PC) Co-chaired by Qing Li, Stefano Spaccapietra and Eric Yu. We thank the PC Co-chairs, the PC members and the additional referees for the hard work done, often within a short time. Thanks are also due to Moira Norrie from ETH Zurich, Oscar Pastor from the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, and Amit Sheth from the Wright State Univ- sity for accepting our invitation to present keynotes."

This volume contains papers presented at the 5th International Conference on ModelingDecisionsforArti?cialIntelligence(MDAI2008), heldinSabadell, C- alonia, Spain, October 30-31. This conference followed MDAI 2004 (Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain), MDAI 2005 (Tsukuba, Japan), MDAI 2007 (Tarragona, C- alonia, Spain), and MDAI 2008 (Kitakyushu, Japan) with proceedings also p- lished in the LNAI series (Vols. 3131, 3558, 3885, and 4617). The aim of this conference was to provide a forum for researchers to d- cuss the theory and tools for modeling decisions, as well as applications that encompass decision-making processes and information-fusion techniques. The organizers received 43 papers from 15 di?erent countries, from Asia, Europe, andAmerica,19ofwhicharepublishedinthis volume.Eachsubmission received at least two reviews from the Program Committee and a few external reviewers. We would like to express our gratitude to them for their work. The plenary talks presented at the conference are also included in this volume. TheconferencewassupportedbytheIIIA-CSIC, theUNESCOChairinData Privacy, theJapanSocietyforFuzzyTheoryandIntelligentInformatics(SOFT), the Catalan Association for Arti?cial Intelligence (ACIA), the European So- ety for Fuzzy Logic and Technology (EUSFLAT), the Spanish MEC (ARES - CONSOLIDER INGENIO 2010 CSD2007-00004), and the City of Sabadell. July 2008 Vicen, c Torra Yasuo Narukawa Organization General Chair Vicen, c Torra, IIIA-CSIC, Catalonia, Spain Program Chairs Vicen, c Torra, IIIA-CSIC, Catalonia, Spain Yasuo Narukawa, Toho Gakuen, Japan Advisory Board L. Godo, J. Kacprzyk, S. Miyamoto, M. Sugeno, R. R. Yager Program Committee G. Beliakov, U. Bodenhofer, T. Calvo, J. Domingo-Ferrer, J. Dujmovic, B. H. Far, M. Grabisch, E. Herrera-Viedma, J. Herranz, K. Hirota, M. Inuiguchi,

th The 13 edition of the International Conference on Reliable Software Technologies (Ada-Europe 2008) marked its arrival in Italy by selecting the splendid venue of Venice. It did so after having been hosted twice in Switzerland, Spain and the UK (Montreux for its inauguration in 1996 and Geneva in 2007; Santander in 1999 and Palma de Mallorca in 2004; London in 1997 and York in 2005), and having visited Sweden (Uppsala, 1998), Germany (Potsdam, 2000), Belgium (Leuven, 2001), Austria (Vienna, 2002), France (Toulouse, 2003) and Portugal (Porto, 2006). It was certainly high time that the conference came to Italy! The conference series, which is run and sponsored by Ada-Europe, chooses its yearly venue following two driving criteria: to celebrate the activity of one of its national member societies in a particular country, and/or to facilitate the formation, or the growth, of a national community around all aspects of reliable software technologies. The success of this year's conference, beside the richness of its technical and social program, will thus be measured by its lasting effects. We can only hope that the latter will be as good and vast as the former! Owing to the absence of a national society associated with Ada-Europe in Italy, the organization of the conference was technically sustained by selected members of the Board of Ada-Europe, its governing body, with some invaluable local support.

Maude is a language and system based on rewriting logic. In this comprehensive account, you'll discover how Maude and its formal tool environment can be used in three mutually reinforcing ways: as a declarative programming language, as an executable formal specification language, and as a formal verification system. Examples used throughout the book illustrate key concepts, features, and the many practical uses of Maude.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Logics in Artificial Intelligence, JELIA 2008, held in Dresden, Germany, Liverpool, in September/October 2008.

The 32 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 98 submissions. The papers cover a broad range of topics including belief revision, description logics, non-monotonic reasoning, multi-agent systems, probabilistic logic, and temporal logic.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Scalable Uncertainty Management, SUM 2008, held in Naples, Italy, in Oktober 2008.

The 27 revised full papers presented together with the extended abstracts of 3 invited talks/tutorials were carefully reviewed and selected from 42 submissions. The papers address artificial intelligence researchers, database researchers, and practitioners to demonstrate theoretical techniques required to manage the uncertainty that arises in large scale real world applications and to cope with large volumes of uncertainty and inconsistency in databases, the Web, the semantic Web, and artificial intelligence in general.

Jean-Pierre Jouannaud has deeply influenced, and is still influencing, research in Informatics, through the many important results he has produced in various research fields and through the generations of scholars he has educated. He has played a leading role in field of rewriting and its technology, advancing the research areas of unification, rewriting and completion modulo, conditional rewriting, termination proofs, modular properties, and automated proofs by induction in rewrite theories. Following his strong interest for algebraic specification languages and their efficient implementation, Jean-Pierre Jouannaud has contributed to the design, semantics and implementation of OBJ2 and has recently augmented the Maude rewriting logic system with an essential feature: membership equational logic. He was a member of the CNU (National University Council) and a member of the CNRS national committee. He is now heading with great success the computer science laboratory at the Ecole Polytechnique thus showing his exceptional qualities as a research team manager and supervisor of students.

This Festschrift volume, published to honor Jean-Pierre Jouannaud on his 60th Birthday on May 12, 2007, includes 13 refereed papers by leading researchers, current and former colleagues, who congregated at a celebratory symposium held in Cachan near Paris, France, on June 21-22, 2007. The papers are grouped in thematic sections on Rewriting Foundations, Proof and Computation, and a final section entitled Towards Safety and Security.

This amply illustrated book is about building some of Leonardo da Vinci's most famous inventions with LEGO's breathtaking robot technology, the LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT. In this book, you will revive such fascinating devices as the flying machine, the aerial screw, the revolving bridge, the double leaf spring catapult, and the armored carfive centuries after their creation by the great Renaissance engineer. Using some of the most advanced programming environments for the NXT, you will make robots that work, move, and respond the way Leonardo intended his original inventions to do 500 years ago.

By engineering the LEGO models contained in this, book you will not only become acquainted with the MINDSTORMS NXT technology, but also with strategies to build advanced robots with NXT and to program them using different state-of-the-art NXT programming languages such as NXT-G, NXC, RobotC, pbLua, and leJOS NXJ.

For all five robots, historical background information is provided. Detailed high-quality step-by-step building instructions, as well as an elaborate guide for each single program enable both the inexperienced LEGO user as well as the NXT aficionado to become acquainted with the art of producing marvelous NXT creations and make use of many sophisticated features of the NXT.

This book will unleash the creative powers that slumber in everyone and combine them with the pure joy of playing. But beware: you might be surprised by the stupendous results this combination is apt to spawn.

"Practical Rails Social Networking Sites" shows you the complete development cycle of a social networking community web site. The project develops first as a simple content management system, after which author Alan Bradburne progressively adds features in order to build a full Web 2.0-enabled community-based social networking site using Ruby on Rails.

You will learn how to make the best use of the Ruby on Rails framework within a large project and how to implement and adapt features specific to a community. The book offers practical advice and tips for developing and testing, along with guidance on how to take your site live, as well as optimize and maintain it.

The book also explores how to integrate with other community sites such as Flickr and Google Maps, and how to make good use of Rails Ajax features. You will also learn how to optimize and adapt your site to work well on mobile browsers.

Ruby has set the world on fire, proving itself a serious challenger to Perl and Python in all spheres. In particular, more and more people are discovering that Ruby's flexibility, superb feature set, and gentle learning curve make it a natural choice for system administration tasks, from the humblest server to the largest enterprise deployment.

Within the pages of Practical Ruby for System Administration, you'll learn the Ruby way to construct files, tap into clouds of data, build domain-specific languages, perform network traffic analysis, and more.

Based on author Andre Ben Hamou 's own experiences working as a system administrator, this book will help you pick up practical tips on Ruby coding style, learn how to analyze and improve script performance, and make use of no-nonsense advice on scripting workflow, including testing and documentation.

Above all, you'll come to appreciate the sheer power of Ruby and the hundreds of benefits it offers for system administration.This book places equal emphasis on fundamental Ruby concepts as well as practical how-tos. It uses examples from other languages to ease the transition to Ruby. The book is concise, entertaining, and informativeunlike many books aimed at system administrators, which can be overly long and stodgy.

This volume contains the papers presented at the 9th European Conference on Case-Based Reasoning (ECCBR 2008). Case-based reasoning (CBR) is an arti?cial intelligence approach whereby new problems are solved by remembering, adapting and reusing solutions to a previously solved, similar problem. The collection of previously solved problems andtheirassociatedsolutionsisstoredinthecasebase. Neworadaptedsolutions are learned and updated in the case base as needed. In remembrance of the First European Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning, which took place 15 years ago at the European Academy Otzenhausen, not far from Trier, this year's conference was especially devoted to the past, present, and future of case-based reasoning. ECCBR and the International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning (IC- CBR) alternate every year. ECCBR 2008 followed a series of seven successful European workshops previously held in Otzenhausen, Germany (1993), Ch- tilly, France (1994), Lausanne, Switzerland (1996), Dublin, Ireland (1998), and Trento, Italy (2000), and three European conferences in Aberdeen, UK (2002), ] Madrid, Spain (2004), and Olu ]deniz/Fethiye, Turkey (2006). The International Conferences on Case-Based Reasoning (ICCBR) were previously held in Ses- bra, Portugal (1995), Providence, Rhode Island, USA (1997), Seeon, Germany (1999), Vancouver, Canada (2001), Trondheim, Norway (2003), Chicago, USA (2005), and Belfast, Northern Ireland (2007). These meetings have a history of attracting ?rst-class European and international researchers and practiti- ers. The proceedings of the ECCBR and ICCBR conferences are published by Springer in their LNAI series."

Multi-agent systems are communities of problem-solving entities that can exhibit varying degrees of intelligence. They can perceive and react to their environment, they can have individual or joint goals, for which they can plan and execute actions. Work on such systems integrates many technologies and concepts in - ti?cial intelligence and other areas of computing as well as other disciplines. The agent paradigm has become widely popular and widely used in recent years, due to its applicability to a large range of domains, from search engines to edu- tional aids to electronic commerce and trade, e-procurement, recommendation systems, simulation and routing, and ambient intelligence, to cite only some. Computational logic provides a well-de?ned, general, and rigorous framework for studying syntax, semantics, and procedures for various capabilities and fu- tionalities of individual agents, as well as interaction amongst agents in multi-agent systems. It also provides a well-de?ned and rigorous framework for implemen- tions, environments, tools, and standards, and for linking together speci?cation and veri?cation of properties of individual agents and multi-agent systems. The CLIMA workshop series was founded to provide a forum for discussing, presenting, and promoting computational logic-based approaches in the design, development, analysis, and application of multi-agent systems.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Natural Language Processing, GoTAL 2008, Gothenburg, Sweden, August 2008.

The 44 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 107 submissions. The papers address all current issues in computational linguistics and monolingual and multilingual intelligent language processing - theory, methods and applications.

The19thBrazilianSymposiumonArti?cialIntelligence(SBIA2008)washeldin Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, duringOctober26-30,2008.ItwashostedbytheFederal UniversityofBahia (UFBa)and, ashasoccurredsince2002, wascollocatedwith theBrazilianSymposiumonArti?cialNeuralNetworks(SBRN), nowinitstenth edition. This year the two events took place jointly also with the Intelligent Robotics Journey (JRI). SBIA, supported by the Brazilian Computer Society (SBC), is the leading conference in Brazil for the presentation of research and applications results in arti?cial intelligence. Since 1995, SBIA has become an international conference, with paperswritten exclusivelyin English, aninternationalProgramCommittee (PC) and keynote speakers, and proceedings published in the Lecture Notes in Arti?cial Intelligence series of Springer. Since 1996, SBIA has been a biennial event. TheSBIA2008programincludedkeynotetalks/tutorialsbysomeofthemost distinguished researchers in the area, ?ve workshops and a thesis and disser- tion contest. SBIA 2008 continued the tradition of high selectivity for published papers and double-blind reviewing.A total of 142 submissions from 15 countries were received, of which only 27 were accepted for publication in this volume, yielding an acceptance rate of 19%. Each submission was reviewed by three PC members, and a recommendation was provided for each paper based on disc- sion among the reviewers moderated by the Program Chair. We would like to thank all researches who submitted their papers to SBIA 2008. We are indebted to the 150 PC members, and also to the other reviewers, for their excellent work: thorough and timely reviews, and participation in the discussions.SBIA2008hadtheprivilegeandhonorofhavingthisPCandinvited speakers. We gratefully acknowledge everyone in the Organizing Committee for their invaluable support, Aline Paes for helping with the preparation of this volume, along with the agencies CNPq and CAPES for the ?nancial s

These proceedings contain most of the papers that werepresented at the Second International Conference on Language and Automata Theory and Applications (LATA 2008), held in Tarragona, Spain, during March 13-19, 2008. The scope of LATA is rather broad, including: words, languages and - tomata; grammars (Chomsky hierarchy, contextual, multidimensional, uni?- tion, categorial, etc. );grammarsandautomataarchitectures;extendedautomata; combinatorics on words; language varieties and semigroups; algebraic language theory; computability; computational, descriptional, and parameterized c- plexity;decidability questions onwordsandlanguages;patterns andcodes;s- bolic dynamics; regulated rewriting; trees, tree languages and tree machines; term rewriting; graphs and graph transformation; power series; fuzzy and rough languages; cellular automata; DNA and other models of bio-inspired comp- ing; quantum, chemical and optical computing; biomolecular nanotechnology; automata and logic; algorithms on automata and words; automata for s- tem analysis and program veri?cation; automata, concurrency and Petri nets; parsing; weighted machines; transducers; foundations of ?nite state technology; grammatical inference and algorithmic learning; text retrieval, pattern mat- ing and pattern recognition; text algorithms; string and combinatorial issues in computationalbiologyandbioinformatics;mathematicalevolutionarygenomics; language-based cryptography; data and image compression; circuits and n- works; language-theoretic foundations of arti?cial intelligence and arti?cial life; digital libraries; and document engineering. LATA 2008 received 134 submissions. Each of them was reviewed by at least three Program Committee members plus, in most cases, by additional external referees. After a thorough and vivid evaluation phase the committee decided to accept 40 papers (which means an acceptance rate of 29. 85%

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems, DAIS 2007, held in Paphos, Cyprus in June 2007. The DAIS conference was held as a joint event in federation with the 9th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Formal Methods for Open Object-Based Distributed Systems (FMOODS 2007) and the 9th International Conference on Coordination Models and Languages (Coordination 2007).

The 24 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 97 submissions. The papers address current research in context-awareness, adaptation, mobility, distributed applications and peer-to-peer computing, all of which relate to the sustainability of distributed applications and integrated systems. The papers are organized in topical sections on context-awareness, distributed applications, adaptation, peer-to-peer, and mobility.

Term rewriting systems, which developed out of mathematical logic, consist of sequences of discrete steps where one term is replaced with another. Their many applications range from automatic theorem proving systems to computer algebra. This book begins with several examples, followed by a chapter on basic notions that provides a foundation for the rest of the work. First-order and higher-order theories are presented, with much of the latter material appearing for the first time in book form. Subjects treated include orthogonality, termination, lambda calculus and term graph rewriting. There is also a chapter detailing the required mathematical background.

*The first advanced book offering important .NET 2.0 insights into C# and Windows Forms *Explains taking .NET controls to highest level for programmers, with advanced customizations *Follows the successful formula of the previous edition (1590590457), examining all the .NET controls from old staples to the new .NET 2.0 controls

This volume consists of the proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Formal Modelling and Analysis of Timed Systems (FORMATS 2008). The maingoalof thisseriesofconferencesis to bring togetherdiversecommunitiesof researchers that deal with the timing aspects of computing systems. Both f- damental and practical aspects of timed systems are addressed. Further, three invited talks that survey various aspects of this broad research domain were presented at the conference: "Composing Web Services in an Open World: QoS Issues" (Albert Benveniste); "Recent Results in Metric Temporal Logic" (Jo] el Ouaknine); "Comparing the Expressiveness of Timed Automata and Timed - tensions of Petri Nets" (Jiri Srba). FORMATS2008wasco-locatedwithQEST2008(FifthInternationalConf- ence on the Quantitative Evaluation of SysTems) and took place in Saint-Malo, France, during September 14-17, 2008. Detailed information about FORMATS 2008 can be found athttp: //formats08.inria.fr/, while, the generic link for the QEST conference series ishttp: //www.qest.org. This was a great opp- tunity for researchers of both communities to share their scienti?c interests in timed systems."

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference of Abstract State Machines, B and Z, ABZ 2008, held in London, UK, in September 2008. The conference simultaneously incorporated the 15th International ASM Workshop, the 17th International Conference of Z Users and the 8th International Conference on the B Method.

The 44 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The conference fosters the cross-fertilization of three rigorous methods for the design and analysis of hardware and software systems - both in academia and industry - namely Abstract State Machines, B, and Z. Covering a wide range of research spanning from theoretical and methodological foundations to tool support and practical applications, the contributions are organized in topical sections on abstract state machines, B papers, Z papers, ABZ short papers, and the papers of the Verified Software Repository Network (VSR-net) workshop.