This timely collection explores how children display social competence in talking about their mental health and wellbeing. The authors analyse recorded conversations of young people's interactions with professionals in which they disclose particular mental health concerns and their ways of coping, drawing on insights from ethnomethodology, conversation analysis and discursive psychology. Across a diverse range of institutional and international settings, chapters examine how children and young people employ interactional strategies to demonstrate their competence. The research reveals how young people resist or protect claims that they lack competence, especially in contexts where they might be seen as seeking or asking for support, or when their (dis)abilities and mental health is explicitly up for discussion. Each chapter concludes with a reflection on the methodological, professional and practical implications of the findings, highlighting areas where future research is necessary and addressing the empirical findings from the authors professional vision, facilitating innovative dialogue between conversation analytic research and professional vision. This book will be of great value to academics and professionals interested in how children express themselves, particularly in relation to their mental wellbeing.

Researchers often have difficulties collecting enough data to test their hypotheses, either because target groups are small or hard to access, or because data collection entails prohibitive costs. Such obstacles may result in data sets that are too small for the complexity of the statistical model needed to answer the research question. This unique book provides guidelines and tools for implementing solutions to issues that arise in small sample research. Each chapter illustrates statistical methods that allow researchers to apply the optimal statistical model for their research question when the sample is too small. This essential book will enable social and behavioral science researchers to test their hypotheses even when the statistical model required for answering their research question is too complex for the sample sizes they can collect. The statistical models in the book range from the estimation of a population mean to models with latent variables and nested observations, and solutions include both classical and Bayesian methods. All proposed solutions are described in steps researchers can implement with their own data and are accompanied with annotated syntax in R. The methods described in this book will be useful for researchers across the social and behavioral sciences, ranging from medical sciences and epidemiology to psychology, marketing, and economics.

The Collective Unconscious in the Age of Neuroscience brings the connection between C. G. Jung's theory of a collective unconscious, neuroscience, and personal experiences of severe mental illness to life. Hallie B. Durchslag uses narrative analysis to examine four autobiographical accounts of mental illness, including her own, and illuminate the interplay between psychic material and human physiology that Jung intuited to exist. Durchslag's unique study considers the links between expressions of the collective unconscious, such as myth, fairy tales, folk tales, and 'big dreams', and the experiences of those diagnosed with severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder. The author's personal narrative account of a psychotic episode is at its heart, bringing both an intimate foundation and exceptional insight to the book. With reference to neuroscientific and genetic research throughout, The Collective Unconscious in the Age of Neuroscience highlights gaps in depth psychological notions of etiology and treatment, highlights patterns of collective material in the qualitative experience of these genetic and biological disorders, and explores how the efficacy of pharmacological treatment sheds light on Jung's theoretical model. The Collective Unconscious in the Age of Neuroscience will be essential reading for academics and students of Jungian and post-Jungian studies, consciousness, neuroscience and mental health. It will also provide unique insight for analytical psychologists interested in severe mental illness and the collective unconscious.

This splendid volume reviews a productive period of research aimed at connecting brain and mind through the use of scalp- recorded brain potentials to chart the temporal course of information processing in the human brain .... The book that Rugg, Coles, and their collaborators have produced can serve both as a summary of where we have been and as a pointer of the way ahead." M Posner Event-related potential (ERP) methodology has long been used in neuroscience to measure electrical activity in the brain. It has become clear, however, that it can be a powerful took in studying and illuminating central psychological issues relating to attention, information, processing, dynamics, memory, and language. Linking this technology to newer imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it becomes possible to build up a spatial and temporal picture of the brain during the performance of high-level skills. This volume provides strong evidence that cognitive psychology can benefit from the use of brain electrical activity, and will be of great interest to neuroscientists and psychologists alike.

Written by a practitioner with over 25 years of experience, Living Mindfully shows how mindfulness can be integrated with coaching in order to enhance motivation and achieve an authentic life. * Combines mindfulness techniques designed to explore an individual s relationships to thoughts, values and emotions with coaching strategies that build self-confidence and motivation * Details the Living Mindfully program and the practical coaching intervention, Training Individuals in Mindfulness and Excellence (TIME), with tips, exercises, further resources and client testimonials * Discusses important aspects of mindfulness, including awareness, staying present, acceptance, authenticity, and dealing with negative beliefs and emotions * Outlines the requirements for setting up and maintaining a mindfulness program for mindfulness teachers, coaches, counselors, policymakers, and government departments

In the Second Edition of Scientific Writing for Psychology, veteran teacher, editor and author, Robert V. Kail provides straightforward strategies along with hands-on exercises for effective scientific writing in a series of seven lessons. Kail shares an abundance of writing wisdom with "tools of the trade"-heuristics, tips, and strategies-used by expert authors to produce writing that is clear, concise, cohesive, and compelling. The exercises included throughout each extensively class-tested lesson allow students to practice and ultimately master their scientific writing skills.

This book is a practical guide to the intellectual assessment of children and adolescents in the schools. Although primarily intended for graduate students in school psychology training programs and practicing school psychologists, it should also be useful for those involved with making decisions in schools that are based, in part, on the results of intelligence tests, including counselors, teachers, administrators, and other school personnel. In writing it, we placed particular emphasis on evidence-based practices pertaining to the use and interpretation of intelligence tests. The assessment of intelligence has long been mandated by law for eligibility determination for special education and related services. At the current time, however, there is widespread disagreement about the use and interpretation of intelligence tests. Nevertheless, none of the currently available books on intellectual assessment critically reviews the scientific evidence regarding the critical role played by intelligence tests in the schools for the determination of eligibility for special education and related services. One of the main intentions of this book was to fill that gap and to recommend best practices with scientific support.

Over the last fifteen years, psychological research regarding sexual orientation has seen explosive growth. In this book, Anthony R. D'Augelli and Charlotte J. Patterson bring together top experts to offer a comprehensive overview of what we have discovered - and what we still need to learn - about lesbian, gay, and bisexual identities. Writing in clear, nontechnical language, the contributors cover a range of topics, including conceptions of sexual identity, development over the lifespan, family and other personal relationships, parenting, and bigotry and discrimination. Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Identities Over the Lifespan is essential reading for researchers, students, social scientists, mental health practitioners, and general readers who seek the most up-to-date and authoritative treatment of the subject available.

The purpose of this contribution to the Counterpoints series is to compare and contrast different conceptions of working memory. This is one of the most important notions to have informed cognitive psychology over the last 20 years or so, and yet it has been used in a wide variety of ways. This, in part, is undoubtedly because contemporary usage of the phrase `working memory, encapsulates various themes that have appeared at different points in the history of research into human memory and cognition. This book presents three dominant views of working memory.

Implicit knowledge, a term coined by Reber in 1965, is acquired independent of conscious attempts to learn, and generally without the capacity to communicate what has been acquired. One of the core assumptions of this argument is that implicit learning is a fundamental process, one that lies at the very heart of the adaptive behavioural repertoire of every complex organism. This is a highly readable account of the cognitive unconscious, focusing in particular on the problem of implicit learning.

This text is a vital resource for those with little or no prior knowledge of computing or statistics to aid in the development of reliable and valid tests and scales for assessment or research purposes. It serves as a clear, concise and jargon-free primer for all those embarking in fieldwork or research analysis. The book contains detailed guidelines for locating and constructing psychological measures, including descriptions of popular psychological measures and step-by-step instructions for composing a measure, entering data, and computing reliability and validity of test results. Advanced techniques such as factor analysis, analysis of covariance, and multiple regression analysis are presented for the beginner. This new edition has been revised throughout and includes updated statistical test procedures in line with the new version of SPSS and the inclusion of current academic articles. It serves as an invaluable resource for undergraduates and postgraduates across the behavioral and social sciences, as well as professionals in related disciplines, including those working in management and medical sciences.

While it is often assumed that behavioural development must be based upon both physical law and the biological principles of morphogenesis and selection, forging a link between these disciplines has remained an elusive goal. This book addresses the question of how familiar human functional acts - eating, walking, manipulating objects, smiling, etc. - emerge during infancy due to both intrinsic dynamics and selective processes. The central thesis of the book is that during perceptually guided spontaneous activity, a variety of biodynamic devices for doing different kinds of work are assembled and adapted to specific tasks. Following the introductory chapters, which explore principles from the fields of dynamics and ecological psychology, the author introduces a theory of the development of action systems based upon both self-organisation in complex systems and perceptually guided selective processes. The theory is then examined in the context of development of each of several action systems. The book addresses many long-standing issues in behavioural development, including the apparent disappearance of so-called primitive behaviours, the emergence of new skills, and the role of the caregiver on skill acquisition. The prospects for extending the theory to atypical development and to other domains such as cognition and language are also considered.

Science, Pseudo-science, Non-sense, and Critical Thinking shines an unforgiving light on popular and lucrative 'miraculous' practices that promise to offer answers during times of trouble. Throughout the book, the authors unfold the fallacies underlying these practices, as well as consumers' need and desire to believe in them. Adopting a scientific approach, the book critically evaluates research into cold-reading practices, such as those that claim to be able to communicate with the afterlife or posess supernatural powers, before considering a range of pseudo-sciences including graphology and polygraph interrogation, exposing the pretensions of these practices in a clear and logical fashion. The book seeks to encourage critical thinking throughout, asking whether there is any scientific evidence to support these practitioners' abilities to supply us with reliable answers, and discussing the various factors that comprise the psychological mechanism of belief. Written in a fluent and accessible style, Science, Pseudo-science, Non-sense, and Critical Thinking is aimed at interested professionals and the public at large.

Choice Recommended Read Psychological research into human intelligence and abilities presents us with a number of difficult questions: Are human abilities explained by a single core intelligence or by multiple intelligences? How should abilities be assessed? With tests unlike the problems which people normally have to solve, or with practical problems closer to those encountered in life, school and work? Do ability tests predict how a person will behave? If so, can they predict whether a person will succeed at school and at work? Intelligence and Human Abilities critically evaluates research evidence from the past 100 years to consider these and other issues. It shows that, despite the apparent contradictions in this research, the evidence in fact supports one coherent model, a fact which has clear implications for researchers, educators and test-users. This clear and engaging text provides an up-to-date evaluation of what the empirical evidence tells us about the number, nature and origins of human abilities. It will be essential reading for students and practitioners of psychology and education, and also for users of ability tests such as applied psychologists and personnel managers.

During his lifetime, W.E. Blatz was so much occupied with the development of the University of Toronto's Institute of Child Study that he was able to devote little time to writing. This is his first book to appear in twenty-one years, and his first complete exposition of his famous Theory of Security. The Theory of Security is radically different from the theories promulgated by Freudian psychologists. Whereas Freudian personality theory is based on the notion of "unconscious," an entity that is only indirectly observable, the Theory of Security derives from the observation of the conscious state in all its manifestations. Dr. Blatz thus makes use of both empirical observations and the results of introspection, and, as might be expected, some of his conclusions run counter to those reached in much current psychological discussion. But proof of the forcible influence of the theory and its author may be found in the impressive number of books and articles already published by Dr. Blatz's associates at the Institute of Child Study, applying the theory to the practical problems of psychological observation and therapy. It is fitting that the man whose work has generated so much fruitful research by others in this field should at last have set down in book form the fundamental principles that guided them.

Carolyn Ellis is a prominent writer in the move toward personal, reflexive writing as an approach to academic research. In addition to her landmark books Final Negotiations and The Ethnographic I, she has authored numerous stories that demonstrate the emotional power and academic value of autoethnography. Now issued as a Routledge Education Classic Edition, Revision: Autoethnographic Reflections on Life and Work collects a dozen of Ellis's stories-about the loss of her husband, brother and mother; of growing up in small town Virginia; about the ethical work of the ethnographer; and about emotionally charged life issues such as abortion, caregiving, and love. Atop these captivating stories, she adds the component of meta-autoethography-a layering of new interpretations, reflections, and vignettes to her older work. A new preface text by the author reflects on the subsequent developments in the author's life and her vision for autoethnography since the book's original publication. Demonstrating Carolyn's extensive contribution to autoethnographic scholarship, this new edition offers compelling ideas and stories for qualitative researchers and a student-friendly text for courses.

Polls are conducted every day all around the world for almost everything (especially during elections). But not every poll is a good one. A lot depends on the type of questions asked, how they are asked and whether the sample used is truly representative. And these are not the only aspects of a poll that should be checked. So how does one separate the chaff from the wheat? That's where Understanding Public Opinion Polls comes in. Written by a well-known author with over thirty years of experience, the book is built around a checklist for polls that describes the various aspects of polls to pay attention to if one intends to use its results. By comprehensively answering the questions in the checklist, a good idea of the quality of the poll is obtained. Features: Provides readers with a deeper understanding of practical and theoretical aspects of opinion polls while assuming no background in mathematics or statistics Shows how to determine if a poll is good or bad Provides a historical perspective and includes examples from real polls Gives special attention to online and election polls The book gives an overview of many aspects of polls - questionnaire design, sample selection, estimation, margins of error, nonresponse and weighting. It is essential reading for those who want to gain a better understanding of the ins and outs of polling including those who are confronted with polls in their daily life or work or those who need to learn how to conduct their own polls.

Longitudinal research is an essential element in the investigation of human development over time, with considerable advantages over more widely used cross-sectional research designs. This book examines the scope for longitudinal studies in a range of developmental fields, emphasizing the advantages of this approach for the investigation of causal mechanisms and processes and the dynamics of development over the life-span. It also discusses methodological issues and some of the practical and ethical problems that longitudinal research may present. Drawing on the final conference in the European Science Foundation's network dealing with longitudinal research on individual development, this is a valuable reference work for behavioural and developmental scientists. The distinguished contributors review normal and disordered development in the emotional, cognitive and social domains, including valuable discussions of gene-environment interactions, the maturation of the human brain, and issues relating to aging. As a source of information and ideas this volume, the concluding work in this series, will be of interest to practitioners and research workers in developmental disciplines at any stage of the life-cycle.

Adapting Psychological Tests and Measurement Instruments for Cross-Cultural Research provides an easy-to-read overview of the methodological issues and best practices for cross-cultural adaptation of psychological instruments. Although the development of cross-cultural test adaption methodology has advanced in recent years, the discussion is often pitched at an expert level and requires an advanced knowledge of statistics, psychometrics and scientific methodology. This book, however, introduces the history and concepts of cross-cultural psychometrics in a pedagogic and simple manner. It evaluates key ethical, cultural, methodological and legal issues in cross-cultural psychometrics and provides a guide to test adaptation, data analysis and interpretation. Written in an accessible manner, this book builds an understanding of the methodological, ethical and legal complexities of cross-cultural test adaptation and presents methods for test adaptation, including the basic statistical procedures for evaluating the equivalence of test versions. It would be the ideal companion for undergraduate students and those new to psychometrics.

This book assembles research findings accumulated over the span of half a century from the Jefferson Longitudinal Study (JLS). This study, initiated in 1970, is the most comprehensive, extensive, and uninterrupted longitudinal study of medical students and graduates maintained in a single medical school. The study was based on the conviction that medical schools have a social responsibility and ethical obligation to monitor the quality of their educational programs, to assess their educational outcomes, and to ensure that their educational goals have been achieved for the purposes of public safety. The JLS has resulted in a large number of publications in professional peer-reviewed journals and presentations in national and international meetings. Some medical schools have expressed interest in learning more about the JLS, requesting copies of the instruments we used in the study, information about how to set up a longitudinal study of medical education, and other needed resources. In response to a request from Academic Medicine [2011, 86(3), p. 404], we prepared and published in that journal a schematic snapshot of the JLS for those interested in a model for the development of a longitudinal study of medical students and graduates. The JLS is well-known to the medical education research communities. A recent Google search using keywords "Jefferson Longitudinal Study" resulted in 1,550,000 hits, an indication of its broad popularity among researchers. At the present time, the JLS database contains academic information, assessments, and educational and career outcomes for 13,343 medical students and graduates of Sidney Kimmel (formerly Jefferson) Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University. There are presently 502 variables in the JLS analytic database. This book presents a collection of 207 abstracts of major publications from peerreviewed journals, books, and book chapters in which data and information from the JLS were used. In this book, we classified the abstracts, based on their primary contents, into the following categories: Admissions of the Applicants to Medical School (e.g., standardized tests, academic preparation, other admission variables). Demographic Composition (e.g., gender, age, race/ethnicity). Performance Evaluations in Medical School (e.g., preclinical and clinical phases). Postgraduate and Career (e.g., assessment of clinical competence in residency training, career choice, specialization, professional activities). Psychosocial Attributes (e.g., personal qualities, indicators of physical and mental well-being). Professionalism (e.g., assessment of elements of professionalism in medicine, such as clinical empathy, attitudes toward interprofesssional collaboration, and orientation.

Designing a research project is possibly the most difficult task a dissertation writer faces. It is fraught with uncertainty: what is the best subject? What is the best method? For every answer found, there are often multiple subsequent questions, so it's easy to get lost in theoretical debates and buried under a mountain of literature. This book looks at literature review in the process of research design, and how to develop a research practice that will build skills in reading and writing about research literature-skills that remain valuable in both academic and professional careers. Literature review is approached as a process of engaging with the discourse of scholarly communities that will help graduate researchers refine, define, and express their own scholarly vision and voice. This orientation on research as an exploratory practice, rather than merely a series of predetermined steps in a systematic method, allows the researcher to deal with the uncertainties and changes that come with learning new ideas and new perspectives. The focus on the practical elements of research design makes this book an invaluable resource for graduate students writing dissertations. Practicing research allows room for experiment, error, and learning, ultimately helping graduate researchers use the literature effectively to build a solid scholarly foundation for their dissertation research project.

This book provides a definitive empirical study of antisocial character pathology and its assessment through the use of the Rorschach. Drawing upon a decade of research with nearly 400 individuals in various hospitals and prisons, the authors paint an extraordinary intrapsychic picture of the personality structure and psychodynamics of these troublesome patients.
Serving as both an educational tool and a reference text, this book presents:
* Rorschach data on several different antisocial groups -- conduct disordered children and adolescents, antisocial personality disordered adult males with and without schizophrenia, antisocial adult females, and male and female sexual homicide perpetrators;
* nomothetic (group) and idiographic (case study) data;
* data which have been analyzed and theoretically interpreted using both structural methods and psychoanalytic approaches which represent the cutting edge of Rorschach theory and practice; and
* a developmental approach in analyzing Rorschach data gathered from antisocial children, adolescents, and adults -- providing striking similarities.
This is the first Rorschach database of this type that has ever been published. As such, it serves as a valuable reference text for Rorschach users -- providing a definitive empirical base, theoretical integration, and a focus on individuals who create severe problems for society.

This book provides an overview of cutting-edge methods currently being used in cognitive psychology, which are likely to appear with increasing frequency in coming years. Once built around univariate parametric statistics, cognitive psychology courses now seem deficient without some contact with methods for signal processing, spatial statistics, and machine learning. There are also important changes in analyses of behavioral data (e.g., hierarchical modeling and Bayesian inference) and there is the obvious change wrought by the advancement of functional imaging. This book begins by discussing the evidence of this rapid change, for example the movement between using traditional analyses of variance to multi-level mixed models, in psycholinguistics. It then goes on to discuss the methods for analyses of physiological measurements, and how these methods provide insights into cognitive processing. New Methods in Cognitive Psychology provides senior undergraduates, graduates and researchers with cutting-edge overviews of new and emerging topics, and the very latest in theory and research for the more established topics.

Reflecting the latest policies and practices, HUMAN SERVICES IN CONTEMPORARY AMERICA, 10th Edition uses a unique multidisciplinary approach to deliver a comprehensive overview of the helping field, its available programs, and the practical skills workers can employ. Completely up-to-date and written in a clear, non-technical style, the text illustrates how recent governmental policy shifts impact the way human services professionals work. Its presentation of the history and practice of human services through the lens of a social problems and policy perspective is truly unique. As you progress from chapter to chapter, you'll see how social, economic, and political issues may affect you as a human services worker as well as the people you serve. Practical and relevant, the text is packed with captivating, real-life examples of human services work across the country. It also provides invaluable information on selected careers within the field.