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Books > Humanities > History > World history > From 1900 > Second World War
Read the little known story of the World War II Army Anti-Aircraft
units in the Pacific, and how they helped win the war.
In Music in the Holocaust Shirli Gilbert provides the first
large-scale, critical account in English of the role of music
amongst communities imprisoned under Nazism. She documents a wide
scope of musical activities, ranging from orchestras and chamber
groups to choirs, theatres, communal sing-songs, and cabarets, in
some of the most important internment centres in Nazi-occupied
Europe, including Auschwitz and the Warsaw and Vilna ghettos.
Gilbert is also concerned with exploring the ways in which
music--particularly the many songs that were preserved--contribute
to our broader understanding of the Holocaust and the experiences
of its victims. Music in the Holocaust is, at its core, a social
history, taking as its focus the lives of individuals and
communities imprisoned under Nazism. Music opens a unique window on
to the internal world of those communities, offering insight into
how they understood, interpreted, and responded to their
experiences at the time.
China Ghost is the story of Crew 7, a flight crew attached to
VPB-219 VPB-219 was a U.S. Navy bombing squadron in the South
Pacific during World Was II. The Navy used long range patrol
bombers such as the PB4Y-1, Liberator and the PB4Y-2 Privateer, a
Liberator modified for the navy's special missions. These squadrons
were based in such places as Guadalcanal, Munda, New Guinea, The
Admiralties and The Philippines. The missions were long range
patrols into Japanese waters in search of enemy shipping. More
important, China Ghost is about the very young boys that were
forced into maturity by the dangers and horrors of war before they
served life's apprenticeship. It's about their loves, their fears,
honor, patriotism and commune with God. The story is compassionate
and emotional, a fiction based on actual events that the author and
members of his crew and squadron experienced. Beau Rachal, a
veteran of a previous tour in the South Pacific, returned to San
Diego and reunited with his girlfriend, Frances Maginley. Beau was
assigned to a new squadron, VPB-219, were the strength of Crew 7.
VPB-219 was based at Clark Field on the island of Luzon in The
Philippine Islands. Their missions were into French Indo-China and
China. The Japanese targets were plentiful and Crew 7 became known
as The China Ghost. It has been said that "wars are started by old
men and fought by young men." China Ghost is a tribute to those
brave, young warriors that faced the prospect of death each time
they climbed into one of those machines.
Bomb disposal was the most technically demanding and dangerous job
outside of combat during World War II. Fewer than five thousand men
did it in the American armed forces. During the war their
activities were shrouded in secrecy, so that the Axis would not
know what techniques the Allies were using. When they came home the
citizen soldiers and officers who had done the work preferred
anonymity to publicity. Furthermore, the units they had served in,
often squads of six enlisted men and one officer, had been too
small and independent to attract much notice by American
chroniclers, official or unofficial, of the biggest armed conflict
in history. Captains of Bomb Disposal, 1942-1946 attempts to bring
some long-overdue public attention to this small group of neglected
heroes. It chronicles two of their two most significant
achievements during the World War II era: the contributions of the
thirty-three bomb disposal squads of the Ninth Air Force, and the
top-secret intelligence mission code named Operation 'Hidden
Documents."In 1944 the Ninth Air Force was the most powerful
tactical air force the world had ever seen. In the European Theater
of Operations (ETO) it controlled more bomb disposal personnel than
any other high command. Part I of Captains of Bomb Disposal,
1942-1946 mainly describes training at the Bomb Disposal School at
Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, and the support thirty-three
bomb disposal squads gave the Ninth Air Force. Interwoven in the
narrative covering events after D-Day is the wider context in which
those squads, and all of the Ninth Air Force, operated, namely, air
and ground forces pioneering a large-scale, close partnership which
defeated the Germans in northwest Europe. Also discussed is how
Ninth Air Force bomb disposal squads helped handle the problem
after V-E Day of up to two million tons of surplus explosive
ordnance in the theater.Most of the sources for Part I on bomb
disposal operations are unpublished unit histories, Ninth and
Eighth Air Force ordnance reports, theater-level reports, and
related documents at either the National Archives at College Park,
Maryland (NACP), or the Air Force Historical Research Agency
(AFHRA), at Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama. Part I is organized
around, but definitely not limited to, the World War II experiences
of Capt. Thomas R. Reece. Now deceased and the author's father, he
was one of the four highest-ranking bomb disposal officers in the
Ninth Air Force. Some of his official and personal papers are
utilized. Background material on the course of the war in the ETO
is taken mainly from published official histories, and for the
Ninth Air Force, also from unpublished documents at AFHRA.One of
the passages in Part I describes how two men in the 80th Bomb
Disposal Squad, Sgt. Russell F. McCarthy and T/5 Walter V. Smith,
in 1945 won the Soldier's Medal, America's highest military award
for bravery in action not against the enemy. They were not the only
bomb disposal personnel to win that award during the World War II
era. Part II revolves around Capt. Stephen A. Richards, who was
commanding officer of the 123rd Bomb Disposal Squad, attached
during the war to General Patton's Third Army. Captain Richards and
two combat engineers won the award for disarming a cache of
booby-trapped documents outside Stechovice, Czechoslovakia in
February 1946, as part of Operation 'Hidden Documents." The trio
was apprehended by Czechoslovak authorities while the other mission
members took the documents to Germany, and was only released after
the documents were returned. Meanwhile, a diplomatic crisis was
ignited as Czechoslovakia officially protested the American
infringement of its sovereignty. Moreover, the Czechoslovak
Communist Party used the controversy for propaganda purposes
shortly before the national elections of May 1946.Shortly before
the trio was released, the operation received fairly extensive
publicity, including an article on page two of Th
Drawing from engrossing survivors' accounts, many never before
published, "The Minsk Ghetto 1941-1943" recounts a heroic yet
little-known chapter in Holocaust history. In vivid and moving
detail, Barbara Epstein chronicles the history of a Communist-led
resistance movement inside the Minsk ghetto, which, through its
links to its Belarussian counterpart outside the ghetto and with
help from others, enabled thousands of ghetto Jews to flee to the
surrounding forests where they joined partisan units fighting the
Germans.Telling a story that stands in stark contrast to what
transpired across much of Eastern Europe, where Jews found few
reliable allies in the face of the Nazi threat, this book captures
the texture of life inside and outside the Minsk ghetto, evoking
the harsh conditions, the life-threatening situations, and the
friendships that helped many escape almost certain death. Epstein
also explores how and why this resistance movement, unlike better
known movements at places like Warsaw, Vilna, and Kovno, was able
to rely on collaboration with those outside ghetto walls. She finds
that an internationalist ethos fostered by two decades of Soviet
rule, in addition to other factors, made this extraordinary story
possible.
"Caught by Politics" recalls the exile of German and European
visual artists and film practitioners in the United States. The
book traces the paths and aesthetic strategies of Hitler exiles in
the United States as ones of productive encounters and ironic
cultural masquerades. While stressing creative transformations and
performative self-reinventions, the accounts don't ignore the
hardship of forced displacement. "Caught by Politics" encourages
the reader to revise dominant and one-sided understandings of
modernist culture and instead to engage with the various
cross-cultural dialogues between European and American artists.
Whether discovering the work of visual artists such as Max Beckmann
and George Grosz, of designers such as Jakob Detlef Peters, or of
directors and popular film practitioners such as Hans Richter,
Edgar Ulmer and Peter Lorre, all authors understand their object of
study not in isolation from other media of expression, but as part
of the effervescent circulation of images typical for modern
industrial society.
"Our Mothers' War" is an eye-opening and moving portrait of women
during World War II, a war that forever transformed the way women
participate in American society. Never before has the vast range of
women's experiences during this pivotal era been brought together
in one book. Now, "Our Mothers' War" re-creates what American women
from all walks of life were doing and thinking, on the home front
and abroad. These heartwarming and sometimes heartbreaking accounts
of the women we have known as mothers, aunts, and grandmothers
reveal facets of their lives that have usually remained unmentioned
and unappreciated.
"Our Mothers' War" gives center stage to one of WWII's most
essential fighting forces: the women of America, whose
extraordinary bravery, strength, and humanity shine through on
every page.
Against the frightening backdrop of World War II, a young Scottish
woman took ten children by ship through the waters of the Atlantic
from Scotland to South Africa, where she set up a home for them
called Bairnshaven. An unusual portrayal of motherhood, nuclear
family and love, Marjorie's story comes to life through diary
pages, letters, telegrams and photographs. This true story is a
fresh take on the role that women played during the war,
highlighting the strength and courage shown, and focusing on hope
and unconditional kindness.
The Maginot Line was the last great gun-bearing line of
subterranean forts built before World War II. Although it acquired
an unjustified reputation as a white elephant, the Maginot Line
fulfilled the role for which it was built, allowing the French High
Command the opportunity to mass its forces and counter the German
invasion. Unfortunately, the French leadership failed to make the
most of its assets, with the resulting disastrous outcome. During
the 1920s, the French High Command formulated a number of offensive
plans to strike at Germany, but by the end of the decade, it
switched to defensive plans because of a lack of manpower. Work
thus began on the Maginot Line and on other fortifications such as
the French Mareth Line in North Africa and the heavy naval coastal
defense batteries in Bizerte (Tunisia) and Toulon (France). The
authors conclude that the Maginot Line offered the French High
Command many opportunities from September 1939 until May 1940. They
blame a failed French military doctrine for taking the initiative
away from subordinates, laying the groundwork for the disastrous
events of 1940 that left the French High Command paralyzed while
German forces broke through the weakly held Ardennes.
Garbo was the British codename of Joan Puyol Garcia, perhaps the
most influential spy of the Second World War. By feeding false
information to the Germans on the eve of the D-Day landings he
ensured Hitler held troops back that might otherwise have defeated
the Normandy landings. This allowed the Allied push against the
Nazis in Europe to begin. Amazingly, Garbo's cover was never broken
and he remains the only person ever to have been awarded both the
British MBE and the German Iron Cross. After the war Garbo faked
his own death and fled to Venezuela with a mistress, where he later
opened a book store. Ironically, his family in Spain only found out
he was still alive when this book was published, Garbo having
failed to realise it would also be translated into Spanish. The
best collection of military, espionage, and adventure stories ever
told. The Dialogue Espionage Classics series began in 2010 with the
purpose of bringing back classic out-of-print spying and espionage
tales. From WWI and WWII to the Cold War, D-Day to the SOE,
Bletchley Park to the Comet Line this fascinating spy history
series brings you the best stories that should never be forgotten.
Seventy-five years after the Battle of Britain, the Few's role in
preventing invasion continues to enjoy a revered place in popular
memory. The Air Ministry were central to the Battle's valorisation.
This book explores both this, and also the now forgotten 1940
Battle of the Barges mounted by RAF bombers.
This story of survival against all odds tells what befell Kurt
Pick, an Austrian Jew, after he left his Vienna home and fled the
Nazi persecution of his race. He was captured whilst attempting to
walk across the German border into Belgium, but escaped and
succeeded in being smuggled into Brussels, where he existed in
constant fear, freezing cold and near starvation. In the summer of
1939 he was appointed Administrator of a camp for Jewish refugee
families at Marneffe, near Brussels, becoming their official link
with the outside world. When Germany invaded Belgium, the 600
residents were evacuated and joined the immense tide of refugees
clogging the roads. Pick survived the air attacks and reached
Avesnes, where he was mistaken for a spy, almost shot, and then
nearly lynched by civilians. With the Germans now in occupation, he
walked 100 miles back to Brussels. In 1942 he left to become a
baker at a boarding school which he found was sheltering many Jews
and was being used as a centre for the Resistance. When the Germans
raided the school, he bluffed his way out and escaped to Liege.
From that point Pick was permanently on the run until the Americans
liberated Liege in September 1944. He survived, but was to discover
that most of his family had perished.
John Hodgkins was eight years old when his father was drafted into
the army and left for Europe for fight in WWII. After his return,
his father never spoke much of the war. After his father's death,
John opened his father's diary and two boxes of memorabilia.
Most Americans are unaware that Soviet forces detained and
imprisoned Japanese soldiers and civilians on a massive scale
following World War II. In addition to interning large numbers of
Japanese nationals in Soviet-occupied territories, the Red Army
deported more than half a million Japanese to labor camps in
Siberia and other parts of the USSR. Despite efforts to gain their
release, repatriation was not complete until 1956. William Nimmo's
book is the first work in English to provide a detailed account of
this little-known aspect of the war's aftermath.
War is chaos; an occupying force must bring order out of that
chaos. The Allied Occupation of Italy is studied by examining
crime, law and order in Sicily and southern Italy, where all forms
of Allied and liberated Italian government were used and which also
contained Italy's two historically most troublesome areas, Naples
and Sicily. Effective society requires law and order to exist; this
book examines the behaviour of a million Allied servicemen on the
ordinary citizens of Italy, recently 'the enemy', from the nuisance
of drunkenness to rape and murder. Many Italian law and order
issues were caused by political conflict, land occupations and the
poor availability of food and other essentials. The last led to
unrest, discontent, a thriving black market, prostitution and a
resurgence of crime. All these are examined, using original
documents, as are police and Allied performance and the curious
absence of the Mafia.
During the critical summer months of 1943, Noor Inayat Khan was the
only wireless operator transmitting secret messages from
Nazi-occupied France to the Special Operations Executive in
Britain. As the daughter of an Indian mystic, brought up in a
household devoted to peaceful reflection on the outskirts of Paris,
Khan did not seem destined for wartime heroism. Yet, faced with the
evils of Nazism, she volunteered to help the British; was trained
in espionage, sabotage and reconnaissance; and returned to France
with a new identity. Khan transmitted details crucial to the
Allies' success on D-Day, until she was captured and imprisoned by
the Gestapo. She attempted two escapes before being sent to
Germany. Three months after the Allied invasion of France, she was
executed at Dachau. Her last word was "liberte".
In May 1940, the Netherlands were overrun by German armed forces.
The five-day campaign might seem to be a prime example of
"Blitzkrieg," which led shortly afterwards to the rapid and
unexpected overthrow of France. This book, based on the newest
scholarly research, argues that this is too simple a view. Even
though the German assault on the Netherlands made use of tanks,
aircraft and airborne troops, it was still a classic campaign
against a weak opponent in a theater on the margins of "Fall Gelb."
In many instances, artillery and infantry were the decisive factors
and it is debatable whether the bombing of Rotterdam can be seen as
a precursor to the aerial terror campaigns against civilian
populations that marked the later stages the Second World War.
Contributors are H. Amersfoort, H.W. van den Doel, P.H. Kamphuis,
P.M.J. de Koster, C.M. Schulten and J.W.M. Schulten.
While the Netherlands had often been thought of as a champion of
racial and ethnic tolerance before and during the Second World War,
more than 75% of Dutch Jews were killed and those returning after
the war were met with subtle but tough anti-Jewish sentiments as
they tried to reclaim their former lives. For most survivors, the
negative reactions were unexpected and shocking. Before the war,
Dutch Jews had become part of the fabric of Dutch life and society,
so the obstacles they faced upon their return were particularly
painful and difficult to handle. The sobering picture presented in
this book, based on research in archives, survivor's memoirs, and
interviews with survivors, examines and chronicles the experiences
of repatriated Jews in the Netherlands and sheds light on the
continuing uneasiness and sensitivities between Jews and non-Jews
there today. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, survivors returned
to their home countries not knowing what to expect. In the
Netherlands, considered a more tolerant nation, returnees wondered
how they would be received by their neighbors; what had happened to
their homes, their businesses, and their possessions; and whether
or not they would be welcomed back to their jobs or their schools.
The answers to many of these questions are now more important than
ever, as claims for restitution continue to be made. Hondius shows
that survivors returning to the Netherlands were met with a revival
in anti-Semitism around the issue of liberation and that many were
forced to create two memories of the time: one around the rejoicing
and displays of triumph that took place in public and the other
around the secret discrimination and cruelty, dealt subtly, inthe
private arenas of everyday life. The blinding effect of a long
history of generally good Jewish/non-Jewish relations turns out to
be a most tragic aspect of the history of the Holocaust and the
Netherlands.
A reexamination of Neville Chamberlain's appeasement policy, this
study challenges prevailing images of Chamberlain as a tragic
hero--a man of peace, naively impressed by the dictators, who did
his best under difficult circumstances to prepare his country for
war. Instead, the author suggests that Chamberlain dominated his
government and demonstrated an uncanny ability to manipulate those
around him in support of his own personal vision of Britain's
national interest. The failure to rearm to a level consistent with
imperial obligations presented a formidable problem. The British
Government admittedly had no good option available to it; however,
Chamberlain was prepared to endure the humiliating consequences of
appeasement, even if it meant peace at any price. He did so for
personal, political, and prejudicial reasons. Ruggiero argues that,
without Chamberlain, British rearmament would have taken a new
direction, and such action might have prevented World War II.
Relying primarily upon the Chamberlain Papers and Cabinet Records,
this account details how and why Chamberlain adopted his chosen
course of action, even after all support for his policies fell away
as a result of the Munich Crisis. Most studies have concentrated
directly on Chamberlain's appeasement policy, and this is the only
one that analyzes his role in the rearmament program at length. It
also sheds new light on appeasement by illustrating the connection
between the policy and Britain's attempts to rearm.
Cutting-edge case studies examine the partisan and anti-partisan
warfare which broke out across German-occupied eastern Europe
during World War Two, showing how it was shaped in varied ways by
factors including fighting power, political and economic
structures, ideological and psychological influences, and the
attitude of the wider population.
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