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Books > Music > Theory of music & musicology
We can hear the universe! This was the triumphant proclamation at a
February 2016 press conference announcing that the Laser
Interferometer Gravity Observatory (LIGO) had detected a "transient
gravitational-wave signal." What LIGO heard in the morning hours of
September 14, 2015 was the vibration of cosmic forces unleashed
with mind-boggling power across a cosmic medium of equally
mind-boggling expansiveness: the transient ripple of two black
holes colliding more than a billion years ago. The confirmation of
gravitational waves sent tremors through the scientific community,
but the public imagination was more captivated by the sonic
translation of the cosmic signal, a sound detectable only through
an act of carefully attuned listening. As astrophysicist Szabolcs
Marka remarked, "Until this moment, we had our eyes on the sky and
we couldn't hear the music. The skies will never be the same."
Taking in hand this current "discovery" that we can listen to the
cosmos, Andrew Hicks argues that sound-and the harmonious
coordination of sounds, sources, and listeners-has always been an
integral part of the history of studying the cosmos. Composing the
World charts one constellation of musical metaphors, analogies, and
expressive modalities embedded within a late-ancient and medieval
cosmological discourse: that of a cosmos animated and choreographed
according to a specifically musical aesthetic. The specific
historical terrain of Hicks' discussion centers upon the world of
twelfth-century philosophy, and from there he offers a new
intellectual history of the role of harmony in medieval
cosmological discourse, a discourse which itself focused on the
reception and development of Platonism. Hicks illuminates how a
cosmological aesthetics based on the "music of the spheres" both
governed the moral, physical, and psychic equilibrium of the human,
and assured the coherence of the universe as a whole. With a rare
convergence of musicological, philosophical, and philological
rigor, Hicks presents a narrative tour through medieval cosmology
with reflections on important philosophical movements along the
way, raising connections to Cartesian dualism, Uexkull's
theoretical biology, and Deleuze and Guattari's musically inspired
language of milieus and (de)territorialization. Hicks ultimately
suggests that the models of musical cosmology popular in late
antiquity and the twelfth century are relevant to our modern
philosophical and scientific undertakings. Impeccably researched
and beautifully written, Composing the World will resonate with a
variety of readers, and it encourages us to rethink the role of
music and sound within our greater understanding of the universe.
Who Needs Classical Music? considers the value of classical music in contemporary society, arguing that it remains distinctive because it works in quite different ways to the other music that surrounds us. Johnson maintains that music is more than just 'a matter of taste'; while some music serves as a background noise or supplies entertainment, other music functions as art. Challenging dominant assumptions about the relativism of cultural judgements, the book aims to restore some types of music to the status of aesthetic text.
Over several years, Bertrand Denzler and Jean-Luc Guionnet have
interviewed approximately 50 musicians from various backgrounds
about their practice of musical improvisation. Musicians include
both the very experienced such as Sophie Agnel, Burkhard Beins,
John Butcher, Rhodri Davies, Bill Dixon, Phil Durrant, Axel
Doerner, Annette Krebs, Daunik Lazro, Mattin, Seijiro Murayama,
Andrea Neumann, Jerome Noetinger, Evan Parker, Eddie Prevost and
Taku Unami, as well as those newer to the field. Asked questions on
topics such as the mental processes behind a collective
improvisation, the importance of the human factor in improvisation,
the strategies used and the way musical decisions are made, the
interviewees highlight the habits and customs of a practice, as
experienced by those who invent it on a daily basis. The interviews
were carefully edited in order to produce a sort of grand
discussion that draws an incomplete map of the blurred territory of
contemporary improvised music.
While some film scores crash through theater speakers to claim
their place in memory, others are more unassuming. Either way, a
film's score is integral to successful world building. This book
lifts the curtain on the elusive yet thrilling art form, examining
the birth of the Hollywood film score, its turbulent evolution
throughout the decades and the multidimensional challenges to
musicians that lie ahead. The history of the film score is
illuminated by extraordinary talents (like John Williams, Hans
Zimmer and countless others). Beginning with vaudeville and silent
cinema, chapters explore the wonders of early pioneers like Max
Steiner and Bernard Herrmann, and continue through the careers of
other soundtrack titans. Leading Hollywood film composers offer in
this book fascinating perspectives on the art of film music
composition, its ongoing relevance and its astonishing ability to
enhance a filmmaker's vision.
One of the momentous events in twentieth century music was the
advent of atonality and serialism, and the consequent proliferation
of such avant-garde genres as total serialism, electronic music,
and aleatory music. This book examines serialism and its progeny,
formulates criteria that are applicable both to serialism and to
the traditional harmony from which it developed, and focuses on the
failure of serialism to solve the problem of coherent harmonic
progression. Rather than seeking to denounce serialism, the work
attempts to restore a balance by questioning whether its esteem is
justified.
In this work, Schoffman applies the criterion of the degree of
indeterminacy of the chords to both traditional functional harmony
and to serial and avant-garde music. Consequently, serialism and
avant-garde music are placed in a historical perspective and
evaluated in terms of their chordal behavior. The study is divided
into four separate sections, examining the indeterminacy of
progression, the indeterminacy of members of chords, chords in
serial music, and destructive aspects of indeterminacy. Also
included is an extensive list of musical examples, a guide to
references, and a comprehensive index. With its correlations to
literature, painting, and history, this volume will be an important
addition to academic and public libraries, university music
departments, and academies of music, as well as a valuable resource
for courses in music theory and analysis, esthetics of music, and
music history.
Sound Advice is a valuable resource for college students, beginning teachers, and experienced conductors of children's choirs. It covers the vast array of skills needed by today's conductor of children's choirs. In a clear and direct style, Bartle outlines everything from the development of musicianship through singing and literacy in the choral setting, to the challenges of conducting an orchestra, working with staff, parents, and a Board of Directors.
The sociology of music is a young discipline, and this book
addresses the issues, demonstrating that there are a number of
different musics-differing not only in how tonal material is used
and how the music is structured but also in the role musical
activity plays in social life.
The mathematical theory of counterpoint was originally aimed at
simulating the composition rules described in Johann Joseph Fux's
Gradus ad Parnassum. It soon became apparent that the algebraic
apparatus used in this model could also serve to define entirely
new systems of rules for composition, generated by new choices of
consonances and dissonances, which in turn lead to new restrictions
governing the succession of intervals. This is the first book
bringing together recent developments and perspectives on
mathematical counterpoint theory in detail. The authors include
recent theoretical results on counterpoint worlds, the extension of
counterpoint to microtonal pitch systems, the singular homology of
counterpoint models, and the software implementation of
contrapuntal models. The book is suitable for graduates and
researchers. A good command of algebra is a prerequisite for
understanding the construction of the model.
In the 1990s, Chicago was at the center of indie rock, propelling
bands like the Smashing Pumpkins and Liz Phair to the national
stage. The musical ecosystem from which these bands emerged,
though, was expansive and diverse. Grunge players comingled with
the electronic, jazz, psychedelic, and ambient music communities,
and an inventive, collaborative group of local labels-kranky, Drag
City, and Thrill Jockey, among others-embraced the new, evolving
sound of indie "rock." Bruce Adams, co-founder of kranky records,
was there to bear witness. In You're with Stupid, Adams offers an
insider's look at the role Chicago's underground music industry
played in the transformation of indie rock. Chicago labels, as
Adams explains, used the attention brought by national acts to
launch bands that drew on influences outside the Nirvana-inspired
sound then dominating pop. The bands themselves-Labradford,
Godspeed You! Black Emperor, Low-were not necessarily based in
Chicago, but it was Chicago labels like kranky that had the ears
and the infrastructure to do something with this new music. In this
way, Chicago-shaped sounds reached the wider world, presaging the
genre-blending music of the twenty-first century. From an author
who helped create the scene and launched some of its best music,
You're with Stupid is a fascinating and entertaining read.
Norris presents a series of closely linked chapters on recent
developments in epistemology, philosophy of language, cognitive
science, literary theory, musicology and other related fields.
While to this extent adopting an interdisciplinary approach, Norris
also very forcefully challenges the view that the academic
"disciplines" as we know them are so many artificial constructs of
recent date and with no further role than to prop up existing
divisions of intellectual labour. He makes his case through some
exceptionally acute revisionist readings of diverse thinkers such
as Derrida, Paul de Man, Wittgenstein, Chomsky, Michael Dummett and
John McDowell. In each instance Norris stresses the value of
bringing various trans-disciplinary perspectives to bear while
none-the-less maintaining adequate standards of area-specific
relevance and method. Most importantly he asserts the central role
of recent developments in cognitive science as pointing a way
beyond certain otherwise intractable problems in philosophy of mind
and language.
Introduction to Digital Music with Python Programming provides a
foundation in music and code for the beginner. It shows how coding
empowers new forms of creative expression while simplifying and
automating many of the tedious aspects of production and
composition. With the help of online, interactive examples, this
book covers the fundamentals of rhythm, chord structure, and
melodic composition alongside the basics of digital production.
Each new concept is anchored in a real-world musical example that
will have you making beats in a matter of minutes. Music is also a
great way to learn core programming concepts such as loops,
variables, lists, and functions, Introduction to Digital Music with
Python Programming is designed for beginners of all backgrounds,
including high school students, undergraduates, and aspiring
professionals, and requires no previous experience with music or
code.
Classic book originally published in 1760. After the memoirs there
is a Catalogue of Works and Observations on the Works of George
Frederic Handel.
Number 10 Sound: The Musical Way 10 the Scientific Revolution is a
collection of twelve essays by writers from the fields of
musicology and the history of science. The essays show the idea of
music held by Euro th pean intellectuals who lived from the second
half of the 15 century to the th early 17: physicians (e. g.
Marsilio Ficino), scholars of musical theory (e. g. Gioseffo
Zarlino, Vincenzo Galilei), natural philosophers (e. g. Fran cis
Bacon, Isaac Beeckman, Marin Mersenne), astronomers and mathema
ticians (e. g. Johannes Kepler, Galileo Galilei ). Together with
other people of the time, whom the Reader will meet in the course
of the book, these intellectuals share an idea of music that is far
removed from the way it is commonly conceived nowadays: it is the
idea of music as a science whose object-musical sound--can be
quantified and demonstrated, or enquired into experimentally with
the methods and instruments of modem scientific enquiry. In this
conception, music to be heard is a complex, variable structure
based on few simple elements--e. g. musical intervals-, com bined
according to rules and criteria which vary along with the different
ages. However, the varieties of music created by men would not
exist if they were not based on certain musical models--e. g. the
consonances-, which exist in the mind of God or are hidden in the
womb of Nature, which man discovers and demonstrates, and finally
translates into the lan guage of sounds."
Collaborative Insights provides new perspectives informed by
interdisciplinary thinking on musical care throughout the life
course. In this book, volume editors Katie Rose M. Sanfilippo and
Neta Spiro define musical care as the role that music - music
listening as well as music-making - plays in supporting any aspect
of people's developmental or health needs, for example physical and
mental health, cognitive and behavioural development, and
interpersonal relationships. Musical care is relevant to several
types of music, approach, and setting, and through the introduction
of that new term musical care, the authors prioritise the element
of care that is shared among these otherwise diverse contexts and
musical activities, celebrating the nuanced interweaving of theory
and practice. The multifaceted nature of musical care requires
reconciling perspectives and expertise from different fields and
disciplines. This book shows interdisciplinary collaboration in
action by bringing together music practitioners and researchers to
write each chapter collaboratively to discuss musical care from an
interdisciplinary perspective and offer directions for future work.
The life course structure, from infancy to end of life, highlights
the connections and themes present in approach, context, and
practices throughout our lives. Thus, the book represents both the
start of a conversation and a call to action, inspiring new
collaborations that provide new insights to musical care in its
many facets.
Overturning the inherited belief that popular music is unrefined,
Form as Harmony in Rock Music brings the process-based approach of
classical theorists to popular music scholarship. Author Drew
Nobile offers the first comprehensive theory of form for 1960s,
70s, and 80s classic rock repertoire, showing how songs in this
genre are not simply a series of discrete elements, but rather
exhibit cohesive formal-harmonic structures across their entire
timespan. Though many elements contribute to the cohesion of a
song, the rock music of these decades is built around a
fundamentally harmonic backdrop, giving rise to distinct types of
verses, choruses, and bridges. Nobile's rigorous but readable
theoretical analysis demonstrates how artists from Bob Dylan to
Stevie Wonder to Madonna consistently turn to the same
compositional structures throughout rock's various genres and
decades, unifying them under a single musical style. Using over 200
transcriptions, graphs, and form charts, Form as Harmony in Rock
Music advocates a structural approach to rock analysis, revealing
essential features of this style that would otherwise remain below
our conscious awareness.
From Afro Sheen to Theaster Gates and from Soul Train to Chance the
Rapper, Black Chicago draws sustenance from a culture rooted in
self-determination, aspiration, and hustle. In Energy Never Dies,
Ayana Contreras embarks on a journey to share the implausible
success stories and breathtaking achievements of Black Chicago's
artists and entrepreneurs. Past and present generations speak with
one another, maintaining a vital connection to a beautiful
narrative of Black triumph and empowerment that still inspires
creativity and pride. Contreras weaves a hidden history from these
true stories and the magic released by undervalued cultural
artifacts. As she does, the idea that the improbable is always
possible emerges as an indestructible Afro-Optimism that binds a
people together. Passionate and enlightening, Energy Never Dies
uses the power of storytelling to show how optimism and courage
fuel the dreams of Black Chicago.
How far can the relationship between music and politics be used to
promote a more peaceful world? That is the central question which
motivates this challenging new work. Combining theory from renowned
academics such as Johan Galtung, Cindy Cohen and Karen Abi-Ezzi
with compelling stories from musicians like Yair Dalal, the book
also includes an exclusive interview with folk legend Pete Seeger.
In each instance, practical and theoretical perspectives have been
combined in order to explore music's role in conflict
transformation.The book is divided into five sections. The first,
'Frameworks', reflects indepth on the connections between music and
peace, while the second, 'Music and Politics', discusses the actual
impact of music on society. The third section, 'Healing and
Education' offers specific examples of the transformative power of
music in prisons and other settings of conflict-resolution, while
the fourth, 'Stories from the Field', tells true stories about
music's impact in the Middle East and elsewhere. Finally,
'Reflections' encourages the reader to consider a personal
evaluation of the work with a view to further explorations of the
capacity of music to promote peace-building.
'I'm going to camp out on the land ... try and get my soul free'.
So sang Joni Mitchell in 1970 on 'Woodstock'. But Woodstock is only
the tip of the iceberg. Popular music festivals are one of the
strikingly successful and enduring features of seasonal popular
cultural consumption for young people and older generations of
enthusiasts. From pop and rock to folk, jazz and techno, under
stars and canvas, dancing in the streets and in the mud, the
pleasures and politics of the carnival since the 1950s are
discussed in this innovative and richly-illustrated collection. The
Pop Festival brings scholarship in cultural studies, media studies,
musicology, sociology, and history together in one volume to
explore the music festival as a key event in the cultural landscape
- and one of major interest to young people as festival-goers
themselves and as students.
This book provides an in-depth introduction and overview of current
research in computational music analysis. Its seventeen chapters,
written by leading researchers, collectively represent the
diversity as well as the technical and philosophical sophistication
of the work being done today in this intensely interdisciplinary
field. A broad range of approaches are presented, employing
techniques originating in disciplines such as linguistics,
information theory, information retrieval, pattern recognition,
machine learning, topology, algebra and signal processing. Many of
the methods described draw on well-established theories in music
theory and analysis, such as Forte's pitch-class set theory,
Schenkerian analysis, the methods of semiotic analysis developed by
Ruwet and Nattiez, and Lerdahl and Jackendoff's Generative Theory
of Tonal Music. The book is divided into six parts, covering
methodological issues, harmonic and pitch-class set analysis, form
and voice-separation, grammars and hierarchical reduction, motivic
analysis and pattern discovery and, finally, classification and the
discovery of distinctive patterns. As a detailed and up-to-date
picture of current research in computational music analysis, the
book provides an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers and
students in music theory and analysis, computer science, music
information retrieval and related disciplines. It also provides a
state-of-the-art reference for practitioners in the music
technology industry.
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