Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. An in-depth guide to reverse osmosis desalinationThis Water Environment Federation and WateReuseAssociation publication provides comprehensive information on the planning and engineering of brackish and seawater desalination projects for municipal water supplies. After a brief overview of widely used desalination technologies, Desalination Engineering focuses on reverse osmosis desalination. The book discusses basic principles, planning and environmental review of projects, design and selection of key desalination plant components, desalinated water posttreatment, and concentrate management. Guidelines on sizing and cost estimation of desalination plant facilities are also included in this practical resource. COVERAGE INCLUDES: Source water quality characterization Fundamentals of reverse osmosis desalination Planning considerations Environmental review and permitting Intakes for source water collection Intake pump stations Source water screening and conditioning Sand removal, sedimentation, and dissolved air flotation Pretreatment by granular media filtration Pretreatment by membrane filtration Comparison of granular media and membrane pretreatment Reverse osmosis separation Post-treatment of desalinated water Desalination plant discharge management Desalination project cost estimates

This book explores desalination technologies in the United States, which are increasingly used for municipal and industrial water supplies and reclamation of contaminated supplies. An issue for Congress is the federal role in desalination research, demonstration and full-scale facilities, and regulatory requirements. Constraints on wider adoption include financial, environmental, regulatory issues and concerns. Desalination processes generally treat seawater or brackish water to produce a stream of freshwater, and a separate, saltier stream of water that has to be disposed (often called waste concentrate). Its attractions include creation of a new freshwater source from otherwise unusable waters, and its independence from precipitation, runoff, storage, and recharge. Many states (most notably Florida, California and Texas) and cities are actively researching and investigating the feasibility of large-scale desalination plants for municipal water supplies.

Water disinfection is the deactivation, removal or killing of pathogens in order to avoid their growth and reproduction. If disinfection is not achieved, diseases such as typhoid and paratyphoid enteric fevers, cholera, hepatitis and diarrhoea can alter human health. Chlorination is the most commonly used disinfection method currently used, but chlorine compounds react with substances present in water, such as amino acids, ammonia, organic matter, iron, and manganese. The result of such reactions are an extensive range of disinfection by-products (DBPs) like trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), chlorophenols and chloramines. These DBPs could cause human health problems, endanger aquatic life and stay in the environment for long periods. This book presents current research in the study of water disinfection.

The book presents a thorough overview of the latest trends and challenges in renewable energy technologies applications for water desalination, with an emphasis on environmental concerns and sustainable development. Emphasis is on the various uses of renewable energy, as well as economics & scale-up, government subsidies & regulations, and environmental concerns. It provides an indication on how renewable energy technologies are rapidly emerging with the promise of economic and environmental viability for desalination. Further it gives a clear indication on how exactly to accelerate the expansion and commercialization of novel water production systems powered by renewable energies and in what manner environmental concerns may be minimized. This book is all-inclusive and wide-ranging and directed at decision makers in government, industry and the academic world as well as students.

This new edition of a very successful standard reference is expanded and fully reworked. The book explains and quantifies the processes whereby streams cleanse themselves, reducing their pollutant load as a natural process. Mechanisms of purification in running waters have always been critical with regard to clearly identified pollution sources. This new edition explains the self-purifying function of streams and rivers in light of recent EPA rules on nonpoint pollutants and total maximum daily loads (TMDLs). It also covers basic concepts such as biological oxygen demand (BOD). Also new in this edition is an extended discussion of how streams originate and how they fit into the geomorphology of the earth and other water supply sources.

Information is presented on aquatic life, including macroinvertebrates and their role as bioindicators of stream health. Chapter review tests and answers are included so that the readers can evaluate their mastery of the concepts presented. Stream Ecology and Self-Purification: An Introduction, 2nd Edition serves as a practical introduction to ecology combined with an explanation of how streams absorb and react to pollution. This text will prove valuable to water and wastewater plant operators, watershed managers, trainers, environmental students, water quality professionals, and will be an excellent preparation aid to wastewater/water operator licensing exams.

This book introduces readers to desalination processes and technologies, covering both commercial desalination technologies (MSF, MED, MVC/TVC, RO and EDR), as well as newly developed technologies (MD, HDH, SS) and alternative driving energies, such as solar and nuclear. The author presents the material in the form of questions and answers in order to be accessible to readers with a wide variety of backgrounds. The book includes special sections in RDI with novel ideas particularly in solar desalination (water from Sun). Presents a unique, wide range of questions and answers in desalination processes and technologies; Includes over 200 colored illustrations, photos and specifications of typical commercially operating desalination plants; Covers conventional driving energies and alternatives as solar and nuclear energies; Includes selected RDI topics in desalination and typical RDI proposals.