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Transit States - Labour, Migration and Citizenship in the Gulf (Paperback)
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Transit States - Labour, Migration and Citizenship in the Gulf (Paperback)
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The states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait,
Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Oman and Qatar) form the largest
destination for labour migration in the global South and possess
the most extreme reliance on labour migration of any region in the
global economy. In all of these states the majority of the working
population is composed of temporary, migrant workers with no
citizenship rights. In Kuwait, Qatar, Oman and the UAE, migrant
workers exceed 80% of the labour force. These workers are
responsible for the prodigious development boom across the region -
involved in construction, maintenance and infrastructure work - as
well as service, clerical, retail and domestic activities.
Neighbouring countries are almost fully dependent on the labour
markets of the Gulf for their overseas workforce, and remittances
from these workers are critical to the survival of millions of
people throughout the region. For these reasons, the Gulf takes a
central place in contemporary debates around migration and labour
in the global economy. This book attempts to bring together and
explore these issues.The key argument is that the relationship
between 'citizen' and 'non-citizen' holds immense significance for
understanding the construction of class, gender, city and state in
the Gulf - too often these questions are occluded in scholarly and
popular accounts of the region. The precarious working conditions
of migrants in the Gulf has facilitated high levels of exploitation
and has been utilized at times of economic downturn to displace
crisis to surrounding regions. It has also engendered a variety of
forms of social mobilization and resistance among migrant workers
and citizens, presenting new challenges for political actors. New
forms of migration are emerging, linked to highly-skilled labour
and the rebranding of the Gulf itself. Bringing together scholars
on the Gulf, including academics based in the region itself, the
book will critically explore all of these questions - putting the
question of migration at the core of the social structures and
political economy of the GCC states.The book covers a wide range of
themes and case studies, including theoretical and historical
perspectives; migration and the Gulf political economy; migration
and gender in the Gulf; and new forms of migration to the Gulf.
Through each chapter, authors will critically reflect upon the
dominant understandings of migration to the Gulf, exploring the
ways in which migration has helped to underpin the construction of
class, gender, city and state within the GCC.
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