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Neighborhoods and Urban Development (Paperback, Illustrated Ed)
Loot Price: R828
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Neighborhoods and Urban Development (Paperback, Illustrated Ed)
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"American cities are shifting collections of individual
neghborhoods. Thousands of residents move every year within and
among neighborhoods; their flows across a city can radically and
quickly alter the character of its neighborhoods. What is behind
all this ferment-the decline of one area, the revitalization of
another? Can the process be made more rational? Can city
neighborhoods be stabilized--and older cities thus preserved? This
book argues that such flows of residents are not random. Rather,
they are closely linked to overall migration into or out of each
metropolitan area and to the way U.S. cities develop. Downs
contends that both urban development and the social problems it
spawns are built upon social arrangements designed to benefit the
middle-class majority. Racial segregation divides housing in each
metropolitan area into two or more markets. Socioeconomic
segregation subdivides neighborhoods within each market into a
class hierarchy. The poor live mainly in the oldest neighborhoods,
close to the urban center. The affluent live in the newest
neighborhoods, mostly at the urban periphery. This separation stems
not from pure market forces but from exclusionary laws that make
the construction of low-cost housing illegal in most neighborhoods.
The resulting pattern determines where housing is built and what
housing is left to decay. Downs uses data from U.S. cities to
illustrate neighborhood change and to reach conclusions about ways
to cope with it. he explores the causes and nature of racial
segregation and integration, and he evaluates neighborhood
revitalization programs, which in reviving part of a city often
displace many poor residents. He presents a timely analysis of the
effect of higher energy costs upon urban sprawl, argues the wisdom
of reviving older cities rather than helping their residents move
elsewhere, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of public
and private policies at the federal, state, metropolitan-area,
city, and neighborhood levels. "
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