Besides classical applications (radar and stealth, antennas,
microwave engineering), scattering and diffraction are enabling
phenomena for some emerging research fields (artificial
electromagnetic materials or metamaterials, terahertz technologies,
electromagnetic aspects of nano-science). This book is a tutorial
for advanced students who need to study diffraction theory. The
textbook gives fundamental knowledge about scattering and
diffraction of electromagnetic waves and provides some working
examples of solutions for practical high-frequency scattering and
diffraction problems.
The book focuses on the most important diffraction effects and
mechanisms influencing the scattering process and describes
efficient and physically justified simulation methods - physical
optics (PO) and the physical theory of diffraction (PTD) -
applicable in typical remote sensing scenarios.
The material is presented in a comprehensible and logical form,
which relates the presented results to the basic principles of
electromagnetic theory.
The book covers: basic definitions and equations (Maxwell's
equations, boundary conditions, edge conditions, radiation
conditions, radiation integral, scattering matrix and RCS); basic
solution methods (separation of variables, Wiener-Hopf technique,
Watson transformation, geometrical optics, geometrical theory of
diffraction, physical optics, and physical theory of diffraction);
solutions of Maxwell's equations for basic canonical geometries (a
flat material interface, a circular cylinder, a sphere, a wedge, a
half plane, a circular disc, an open-ended waveguide, and a cone)
and their detailed analysis; explanations of fundamental scattering
phenomena (edge and tip singularities, reflection from smoothly
curved surfaces and flat non-metallic surfaces, edge-diffracted
waves, creeping waves, multiply reflected / diffracted waves,
surface waves, waveguide modes, tip-diffracted waves); a PTD-based
approach for simulation of scattering and diffraction from
generally shaped targets.
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