The study of atomic systems exposed to super-intense laser fields
de fines an important area in atomic, molecular and optical
physics. Although the concept of super-intense field has no
absolute meaning, it is now usual to call an electromagnetic field
super-intense when it exceeds the atomic binding field. In the case
of the simplest atomic system, hydrogen in its 16 2 ground state,
this occurs above an intensity of 3. 5 x 10 Wattfcm which is the
atomic unit of intensity. Presently at the laboratory scale and in
ex tremely short and tightly focussed laser pulses, the electric
field strength 16 18 2 reaches peak values which are of the order
of 10 - 10 Wattfcm in the infrared frequency regime, the prospect
being that such peak intensities may be reached within a few years
in a regime of much higher frequencies (XUV or even X). The
interaction of such electromagnetic fields with an atomic system
has a highly non-linear character which has led to the observation
of to tally unexpected phenomena. There are three fundamental
processes which have marked the beginning of an intensive research
in the field of super intense laser-atom physics (SILAP). These
processes which only involve one atomic electron are (i) the
so-called above-threshold ionisation i. e."
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