Lethal autonomous weapons are weapon systems that can select and
destroy targets without intervention by a human operator. Fighting
Machines explores the relationship between lethal autonomous
weapons (LAWS), the concept of human dignity, and international
law. Much of this analysis speaks to three fundamental and related
problems: When a LAWS takes a human life, is that killing a
violation of human dignity? Can states and non-state actors use
LAWS in accordance with international law? And are there certain
responsibilities of human decision-making during wartime that we
should not delegate to machines? In the book, Dan Saxon argues that
the use of LAWS to take human life constitutes a violation of human
dignity. Rather than concentrating on the victims of the use of
lethal force, Saxon instead focuses on the technology and relevant
legal principles and rules to advance several propositions. First,
as LAWS operate at increasingly greater speeds, their use will
undermine the opportunities for, and the value of, human reasoning
and judgment. Second, by transferring responsibility for reasoning
and judgment about the use of lethal force to computer software,
the use of LAWS violates the dignity of the soldiers, commanders,
and law enforcement officers who historically have made such
decisions, and, therefore, breaches international law. Third,
weapon designs that facilitate teamwork between humans and
autonomous systems are necessary to ensure that humans and LAWS can
operate interdependently so that individuals can fulfil their
obligations under international law—including the preservation of
their own dignity—and ensure that human reasoning and judgment
are available for cognitive functions better suited to humans than
machines. Fighting Machines speaks to the fields of international
humanitarian law, human rights, criminal law, and legal philosophy.
It will also be of interest to non-lawyers, especially military
officers, government policy makers, political scientists, and
international relations scholars, as well as roboticists and
ethicists.
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