The first full-length English-language history of the French
anarchist movement between the wars, this study analyzes the
anarchists' responses to the Russian and Spanish revolutions and to
the creation of an international communist movement. It details the
dilemmas facing anarchism at a crucial moment in the movement's
history, a time characterized by serious questioning of traditional
anarchist theory and practice. On the basis of original research
using the anarchist movement's press and other publications, as
well as archival sources, Barry concludes that the French anarchist
movement was not as isolated as has been previously suggested and
that it was in fact probably stronger in the 1930s than it had been
before or since.
During this key era, leading militants within the movement
sought to clarify anarchist theory regarding the nature of
20th-century revolutions, to challenge the rejection of
organization, and to integrate anarchism more fully into the
broader socialist and trade union movements. The movement was
capable of organizing large and efficient campaigns and its
analyses of developments on the left and in the trade union
movement were often more prescient than those of the socialists and
communists. Barry takes seriously the anarchists' attempts to come
to terms with the challenges of revolution and to respond
positively to them in a distinctly libertarian socialist way.
Ultimately, they were only partially successful in such efforts,
and this accounts in large part for their historic failure as a
movement.
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