During the last decade, circadian and episodic fluctuations of the
plasma levels of pituitary hormones have been demon~ trated in man.
The interest in the time dependence of the pituitary secretions
partially originates from their close functional relation with the
neuroendocrine mechanisms pre- sumably responsible for the control
of the circadian.rhyth- micity in man. High frequency blood
sampling techniques and specific radio- immunoassays have allowed
to describe in detail the varia- tions over the 24-h cycle of the
hormonal concentrations in healthy individuals under basal
conditions as well as after manipulation of external synchronizers
such as the sleep- wake cycle, the dark-light cycle and the feeding
schedule. Alterations in normal hormonal var~ions have been sugges-
ted to play a role in the etiopathogeny of several metabo- lic and
mental diseases, such as obesity or manic-depressio~ Important
clinical implications regarding treatment and pre- vention are
expected to be developed in the near future. However, so far, data
obtained in different groups are dif- ficult to compare because
different hormones were studied using different protocols and
statistical methods. As a result, unclear or controversial issues
are not uncommon.
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