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Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Biochemistry
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Methods in Membrane Biology - Volume 10 (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1979)
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Methods in Membrane Biology - Volume 10 (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1979)
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Three articles make up Volume 10 of Methods in Membrane Biology. In
the first of these, Papahadjopoulos, Poste, and Vail extensively
review much of the available data on the fusion of natural
membranes, model membranes (liposomes), and natural membranes with
liposomes. The authors are led by their review of the experimental
methods and their interpretations of the results obtained to a
general theory of membrane fusion which they believe is applicable
to all systems that have been studied. Arguing that although
protein and carbohydrate may serve, in some cases, to bring
membranes into sufficiently close proximity for fusion to occur
and, in other cases, to remove peripheral and integral proteins
from the regions that are to undergo fusion, the authors conclude
that membrane fusion per se is solely a property of the lipid
bilayer. In their view, all the experimental observations to date
can be subsumed under a unifying hypothesis in which membrane
fusion is the result of a phase separation in one-half of the
membrane bilayer brought about by the interaction - of calcium ions
with acidic phospholipids, mostly phosphatidylserine. Where
half-membranes already contain sufficient acidic phospholipids, a
local increase in calcium ion concentration may suffice to induce
fusion (examples might include exocytosis and fusion of
intracellular membrane systems). In other cases, natural or
experimentally induced events preceding fusion might be necessary
to increase the local concentration of the acidic phospholipids in
the half-membrane (virus-or fusogenic agent-induced cell-to-cell
fusion, or endocytosis, for example).
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