Perestroika and the end of the Soviet Union transformed every
aspect of life in Russia, and as hope began to give way to
pessimism, popular culture came to reflect the anxiety and despair
felt by more and more Russians. Free from censorship for the first
time in Russia's history, the popular culture industry (publishing,
film, and television) began to disseminate works that featured
increasingly explicit images and descriptions of sex and
violence.
In Overkill, Eliot Borenstein explores this lurid and
often-disturbing cultural landscape in close, imaginative readings
of such works as You're Just a Slut, My Dear (Ty prosto shliukha,
dorogaia ), a novel about sexual slavery and illegal organ
harvesting; the Nympho trilogy of books featuring a
Chechen-fighting sex addict; and the Mad Dog and Antikiller series
of books and films recounting, respectively, the exploits of the
Russian Rambo and an assassin killing in the cause of justice.
Borenstein argues that the popular cultural products consumed in
the post-perestroika era were more than just diversions; they
allowed Russians to indulge their despair over economic woes and
everyday threats. At the same time, they built a notion of
nationalism or heroism that could be maintained even under the most
miserable of social conditions, when consumers felt most
powerless.
For Borenstein, the myriad depictions of deviance in
pornographic and also crime fiction, with their patently excessive
and appalling details of social and moral decay, represented the
popular culture industry's response to the otherwise unimaginable
scale of Russia's national collapse. "The full sense of collapse,"
he writes, "required a panoptic view that only the media and
culture industry were eager to provide, amalgamating national
collapse into one master narrative that would then be readily
available to most individuals as a framework for understanding
their own suffering and their own fears."
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