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Introduction to the Theory and Application of Data Envelopment Analysis - A Foundation Text with Integrated Software (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2001)
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Introduction to the Theory and Application of Data Envelopment Analysis - A Foundation Text with Integrated Software (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2001)
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1 DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was
initially developed as a method for assessing the comparative
efficiencies of organisational units such as the branches of a
bank, schools, hospital departments or restaurants. The key in each
case is that they perform feature which makes the units comparable
the same function in terms of the kinds of resource they use and
the types of output they produce. For example all bank branches to
be compared would typically use staff and capital assets to effect
income generating activities such as advancing loans, selling
financial products and carrying out banking transactions on behalf
of their clients. The efficiencies assessed in this context by DEA
are intended to reflect the scope for resource conservation at the
unit being assessed without detriment to its outputs, or
alternatively, the scope for output augmentation without additional
resources. The efficiencies assessed are comparative or relative
because they reflect scope for resource conservation or output
augmentation at one unit relative to other comparable benchmark
units rather than in some absolute sense. We resort to relative
rather than absolute efficiencies because in most practical
contexts we lack sufficient information to derive the superior
measures of absolute efficiency. DEA was initiated by Charnes
Cooper and Rhodes in 1978 in their seminal paper Chames et al.
(1978). The paper operationalised and extended by means of linear
programming production economics concepts of empirical efficiency
put forth some twenty years earlier by Farrell (1957).
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