From Dominance to Disappearance is the first detailed history of
the Indians of Texas and the Near Southwest from the late
eighteenth to the middle nineteenth century, a period that began
with Native peoples dominating the region and ended with their
disappearance, after settlers forced the Indians in Texas to take
refuge in Indian Territory. Drawing on a variety of published and
unpublished sources in Spanish, French, and English, F. Todd Smith
traces the differing histories of Texas's Native peoples. He begins
in 1786, when the Spaniards concluded treaties with the Comanches
and the Wichitas, among others, and traces the relations between
the Native peoples and the various Euroamerican groups in Texas and
the Near Southwest, an area encompassing parts of Texas, Louisiana,
Arkansas, and Oklahoma. For the first half of this period, the
Native peoples-including the Caddos, the Karankawas, the Tonkawas,
the Lipan Apaches, and the Atakapas as well as emigrant groups such
as the Cherokees and the Alabama-Coushattas-maintained a numerical
superiority over the Euroamericans that allowed them to influence
the region's economic, military, and diplomatic affairs. After
Texas declared its independence, however, the power of Native
peoples in Texas declined dramatically, and along with it, their
ability to survive in the face of overwhelming hostility. From
Dominance to Disappearance illuminates a poorly understood chapter
in the history of Texas and its indigenous people. F. Todd Smith is
an associate professor of history at the University of North Texas.
He is the author of several books on Texas Indians, including The
Caddo Indians: Tribes on the Convergence of Empires, 1542-1854, The
Wichita Indians: Traders of Texas and the Southern Plains,
1540-1845, and The Caddos, the Wichitas, and the United States,
1846-1901.
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