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Reconstructing Argumentative Discourse (Paperback)
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Reconstructing Argumentative Discourse (Paperback)
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Reconstructing Argumentative Discourse analyzes argumentation in
ordinary disputes. The analysis begins with an ideal model: a
theoretical structure of discourse that might be used to resolve a
dispute about the merits of two opposing cases. The ideal model
does not describe actual argumentative practice. Argumentative
discourse does not always seek genuine resolution and, when it
does, the participants may not perform as ideal arguers. A central
challenge for argumentation theory is to give an account of
argumentation occurring under less-than-ideal conditions and
conducted by less-than-ideal participants. The authors offer
detailed analysis of argument in such contexts as ordinary
conversation, third party dispute mediation, and religious
confrontation. An adequate analytic approach to such forms of
discourse, the authors argue, must offer critical insight into
actual practice; must begin with a defensible normative standard
against which practice can be compared; and must also offer an
applicable analytic machinery for making the comparison, so its
methods can be tailored to empirical circumstances. The authors
position their study of argumentation within a general 'normative
pragmatics' characterized by a dual commitment to usefulness and
adequacy in description. A distinctive set of practical
applications and a distinctive view of practicality follow from
this approach, characterized not by the search for generalizable
means-end relationships but by the development and testing of plans
for making real argumentation look as much as possible like ideal
argumentation. This book integrates for the first time the
normative interest of dialectical theories of argumentation with
the descriptive interests of the empirical study of everyday
language use. This ambitious project is achieved by adopting a
distinctively social and pragmatic view of argumentation - by
seeing argumentation as a language activity structured for the
function of resolving disagreements. The authors examine
argumentation in a wide variety of contexts - including everyday
conversation, campus evangelism, political speeches, newspaper
letters to the editor, and the formal mediation of disputes. In
doing so, they illustrate how to analyze the details of actual
argumentation and tackle a variety of theoretical and
methodological puzzles encountered in the effort to apply normative
models to real life argumentation.
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