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Similarity Methods for Differential Equations (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1974)
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Similarity Methods for Differential Equations (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1974)
Series: Applied Mathematical Sciences, 13
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The aim of this book is to provide a systematic and practical
account of methods of integration of ordinary and partial
differential equations based on invariance under continuous (Lie)
groups of trans formations. The goal of these methods is the
expression of a solution in terms of quadrature in the case of
ordinary differential equations of first order and a reduction in
order for higher order equations. For partial differential
equations at least a reduction in the number of independent
variables is sought and in favorable cases a reduction to ordinary
differential equations with special solutions or quadrature. In the
last century, approximately one hundred years ago, Sophus Lie tried
to construct a general integration theory, in the above sense, for
ordinary differential equations. Following Abel's approach for
algebraic equations he studied the invariance of ordinary
differential equations under transformations. In particular, Lie
introduced the study of continuous groups of transformations of
ordinary differential equations, based on the infinitesimal
properties of the group. In a sense the theory was completely
successful. It was shown how for a first-order differential
equation the knowledge of a group leads immediately to quadrature,
and for a higher order equation (or system) to a reduction in
order. In another sense this theory is somewhat disappointing in
that for a first-order differ ential equation essentially no
systematic way can be given for finding the groups or showing that
they do not exist for a first-order differential equation."
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