The Formal Semantics of Programming Languages provides the basic
mathematical techniques necessary for those who are beginning a
study of the semantics and logics of programming languages. These
techniques will allow students to invent, formalize, and justify
rules with which to reason about a variety of programming
languages. Although the treatment is elementary, several of the
topics covered are drawn from recent research, including the vital
area of concurency. The book contains many exercises ranging from
simple to miniprojects.Starting with basic set theory, structural
operational semantics is introduced as a way to define the meaning
of programming languages along with associated proof techniques.
Denotational and axiomatic semantics are illustrated on a simple
language of while-programs, and fall proofs are given of the
equivalence of the operational and denotational semantics and
soundness and relative completeness of the axiomatic semantics. A
proof of Godel's incompleteness theorem, which emphasizes the
impossibility of achieving a fully complete axiomatic semantics, is
included. It is supported by an appendix providing an introduction
to the theory of computability based on while-programs.Following a
presentation of domain theory, the semantics and methods of proof
for several functional languages are treated. The simplest language
is that of recursion equations with both call-by-value and
call-by-name evaluation. This work is extended to lan guages with
higher and recursive types, including a treatment of the eager and
lazy lambda-calculi. Throughout, the relationship between
denotational and operational semantics is stressed, and the proofs
of the correspondence between the operation and denotational
semantics are provided. The treatment of recursive types - one of
the more advanced parts of the book - relies on the use of
information systems to represent domains. The book concludes with a
chapter on parallel programming languages, accompanied by a
discussion of methods for specifying and verifying nondeterministic
and parallel programs.
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