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Foundations of the Neuron Doctrine - 25th Anniversary Edition (Hardcover, 2nd Revised edition)
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Foundations of the Neuron Doctrine - 25th Anniversary Edition (Hardcover, 2nd Revised edition)
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The neuron doctrine, first formulated in 1891, states that the
brain is constructed of individual neurons, organized into
functioning circuits that mediate behavior. Above all else, this is
the main concept that underlies all of modern neuroscience. This
25th Aniversary Edition of The Foundations of the Neuron Doctrine
explains how this theory was the product of an explosion of
histological studies and vigorous debates near the end of the
nineteenth century by an extraordinary group of scientists, most
importantly the leading figure of the time, Santiago Ramon y Cajal
of Spain, and includes the foremost nervous system investigators of
many countries, such as Albrecht Kolliker, Sigmund Freud, Wilhelm
His, August Forel, Fritdjof Nansen and Gustav Retzius. The neuron
doctrine explains how these eminent scientists used a selective
nerve cell stain invented by Camillo Golgi of Italy and followed
him in describing the fabulous branching patterns of nerve cells,
providing strong evidence that the cells interact as individual
units to form circuits. This work also describes how this view was
opposed by Golgi, who maintained that the nerve cells form
syncytial networks. Studies in the 1950s appeared resoundingly to
confirm the nerve cell as an individual unit, as embodied in the
neuron doctrine, which became the basis for the rise of concepts of
normal and disordered neural function in the remaining 20th
century. This 25th Anniversary Edition concludes by discussing how
recent studies are showing a much greater degree of complexity in
neuronal organization, so that the debate of neuron versus network
is again coming to the fore of neuroscience research. Unique to
this anniversary edition is the inclusion of commentaries by
distinguished leaders in the neurosciences on the continuing
relevance of the neuron doctrine for modern studies of the brain at
all levels, from genes and molecules to microcircuits, neural
networks, and behavior.
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